Analysis of Qualitative Research
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I will send the article to be used in completing this paper via email as you will see it is a continuations of previous papers written by your writers and the writer here will be evaluating another section of that same article. It is important that the writer pay attention to instructions and respond detail to all three questions pose below. Also the writer must incorporate media resources included below in the resource section below into the paper as he respond to the questions pose below.
For your selected doctoral study, evaluate the methods used for establishing quality. Incorporate appropriate references to this week’s media resource as well as the course readings about establishing quality. For all the questions below, remember to explain how you came to your conclusions. Support your answers with explanation or evidence drawn from the doctoral study and from course readings.
• Were the methods for establishing quality used appropriately for the qualitative tradition or research design (e.g., case study, ethnography, grounded theory, etc.)? Why or why not?
• Were all aspects of the methods for establishing quality described or justified sufficiently? If not, what could have the author said and why? If sufficient, explain why you think so.
• Do you think the author should have used additional methods to establish quality? If so, what other methods would you recommend and specifically why should they have been used in this particular study? If not, why not? This includes the methods of establishing quality as well as how they were conducted or implemented.
Add any additional comments for evaluation not addressed above.
Resources
• Course Text
Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches
• Chapter 10, “Standards of Validation and Evaluation”
This chapter discusses standards of quality in qualitative research.
• Chapter 8, “Data Analysis and Representation”
Review this chapter, which was first presented in last week’s Learning Resources. This chapter describes the data analysis strategies used in qualitative research and then provides information on how to represent that data.
Resources
Bernard, H. R. (2010). Analyzing qualitative data: Systematic approaches, Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications.
• Chapter 4, “ Codebooks and Coding”
Readings on Qualitative Research Methods:
• Birks, M. J., Chapman, Y., & Francis, K. (2007). Breaching the wall: Interviewing people from other cultures. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 18(2), 150–156.
Retrieved from SAGE Premier 2010 database.
This article provides insights and techniques to improve interviewing techniques as well as provides some context for improving ethnographic culture analyses.
• Brent, E., & Slusarz, P. (2003). “Feeling the Beat”: Intelligent coding advice from metaknowledge in qualitative research. Social Science Computer Review, 21(3), 281–303.
Retrieved from SAGE Premier 2010 database.
This article examines the coding processes and the uses of computer programs to potentially help in the coding and analysis process.
• Csordas, T. J., Dole, C., Tran, A., Strickland, M., & Storck, M. G. (2010). Ways of asking, ways of telling: A methodological comparison of ethnographic and research diagnostic interviews. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry, 34(1), 29–55.
Retrieved from ProQuest Central database.
This article provides insights and tools so you can better understand the practice of interviewing in qualitative research.
• Janesick, V. J. (2003). “Stretching” exercises for qualitative researchers (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
This book provides you with in-depth techniques to help improve qualitative research skills. It is highly recommended for DBA students planning qualitative research, and you may want to think about purchasing this during the first iteration of DBA 9000.
• LeVasseur, J. J. (2003). The problem of bracketing in phenomenology. Qualitative Health Research, 13(3), 408–420.
Retrieved from SAGE Premier 2010 database.
This article provides insights on how you can improve phenomenological research, particularly with respect to the concept of bracketing.
• Merriam, S. B., & Associates. (2002). Qualitative research in practice: Examples for discussion and analysis. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
This book supplies you with in-depth techniques to help improve qualitative research skills.
• Rubin, H. J., & Rubin, I. S. (2005). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
This book provides you with in-depth techniques to help improve qualitative research skills. It is highly recommended for DBA students planning qualitative research, and you may want to think about purchasing this during the first iteration of DBA 9000.
Research Design Examples:
• Block, P. (1999). Flawless consulting, a guide to getting your expertise used (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer.
This book looks at the appropriate skills to be a successful consultant.
• Ahn, Y., Park, S., & Jung, J. (2009). A case study on knowledge management of Busan Metropolitan City. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 11(3), 388–398.
Retrieved from Sage Premier 2010 database.
This article provides you with an example of an effective case study design.
• Bhalla, A., Henderson, S., & Watkins, D. (2006). A multiparadigmatic perspective of strategy: A case study of an ethnic family firm. International Small Business Journal, 24(5), 515–5 37.
Retrieved from SAGE Premier 2010 database.
This article provides an example of an effective case study design.
• Edwards, P., Collinson, M., & Rees, C. (1998). The determinants of employee responses to total quality management: Six case studies. Organization Studies, 19(3), 449–475.
Retrieved from Business Source Complete database.
This article provides an example of an effective case study design
• Järvenpää, M. (2007). Making business partners: A case study on how management accounting culture was changed. European Accounting Review, 16(1), 99–142.
Retrieved from Business Source Complete database.
This article provides an example of an effective qualitative study that is related to ethnography.
• Smythe, E., & Norton, A. (2007). Thinking as leadership/leadership as thinking. Leadership, 3(1), 65–90.
Retrieved from SAGE Premier 2010 database.
This article provides an example of an effective phenomenological research design.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Analysis of Qualitative Research
In the absence of rigor or quality, qualitative research becomes fiction and worthless, and its utility is also lost. Therefore, there is a great need for the researchers to pay particular attention to validity and reliability in all the research methods applied. The researcher used the methods through which quality is established in qualitative studies appropriately. The data collection method that the researcher used is well established in qualitative research investigations (Merriam & Associates, 2002). Both the data analysis and collection methods were derived from those which have been in use previously, and their use was successful. Second, regardless of the fact that the researcher selected the participants from people he knew professionally or personally, which might compromise quality, this often helps. As Birks, Chapman and Francis (2007) recommends, one of the ways of establishing credibility in a research is developing early familiarity with the participating organizations’ culture prior to the initial data collection dialogues. Bernard (2010) noted that if there is a prolonged engagement between participants and the investigator, the researchers can acquire sufficient understanding about the different workplaces. Moreover, he can establish a relationship based on trust (Bernard, 2010).
The researcher promoted quality by using tactics aimed at ensuring honesty among the informants when giving their responses. Basically, every participant approached was given a chance to decline participation. Therefore, those who participated at last were genuinely willing to participate and they offered their data freely (Brent & Slusarz, 2003). The researcher also created the necessary rapport by appropriately introducing the participants to the research. The researcher’s credibility has also been established. Finally, the researcher did a detailed literature review whose aim was making the readers aware about the state of the subject.
The methods for establishing quality are justified and described sufficiently. In relation to the data collection method, the researcher used three stages to gather the required data. The final stage was basically aimed at assessing if the participants had changed the views they held earlier. The researcher had prior information and knowledge about the participants, and this was a way of ensuring that the trust between them to lead to quality data. Worth noting, the researcher gave the participants the opportunity of declining to participate since their consent was needed before the data collection started. The experience, qualifications, and background of the researcher were well introduced at the start of the paper.
Many academicians would agree that rather than using purposive sampling, the researcher should have used random sampling. Regardless of the fact that purposive sampling is mostly used in qualitative research, random sampling negates researcher bias charges in relation to participants’ selection. In the research, the researcher fetched the participants from Linkedin, and he knew them personally and/ or professionally. Therefore, there were high chances of the participants giving responses that would impress the researcher. As Janesick (2003) noted, using random sampling ensures that the ‘unknown influences’ get distributed evenly throughout the sample (Ahn, Park & Jung, 2009). Using purposive sampling was an inappropriate selection tactic since the investigator would not end up confident that the informants were typically members of the wider selected society. The sampling method used does not give assurance that the selected participants are representative of the bigger group.
Another way through which the researcher could have promoted quality and trustworthiness is by using triangulation. This involves using various methods when gathering data and eventually, the collected data is compared. The methods may include individual interviews, focus groups, and observation among others. However, the researcher only used interviews, which might compromise the data collected.
References
Ahn, Y., Park, S., & Jung, J. (2009). A case study on knowledge management of Busan Metropolitan City. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 11(3), 388–398.
Bernard, H. R. (2010). Analyzing qualitative data: Systematic approaches, Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications.
Birks, M. J., Chapman, Y., & Francis, K. (2007). Breaching the wall: Interviewing people from other cultures. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 18(2), 150–156.
Brent, E., & Slusarz, P. (2003). “Feeling the Beat”: Intelligent coding advice from metaknowledge in qualitative research. Social Science Computer Review, 21(3), 281–303.
Janesick, V. J. (2003). “Stretching” exercises for qualitative researchers (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Merriam, S. B., & Associates. (2002). Qualitative research in practice: Examples for discussion and analysis. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
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