Community & Public Health Nursing; Epidemiological Report
Order Instructions:
Community & Public Health Nursing
Epidemiological Report
Develop a report using the information and data gathered in weeks 1 and 2 activities. The following topics will be covered:
1. Identify the target population
2. Definition of the risk or problem and the significance.
3. Scope of the identified problem
4. Evidence that problem exists in your population and from CDC, WHO, or similar organization
5. Compare data of your population with another population or community (neighboring city, state etc.)
SAMPLE ANSWER
Epidemiological Report
Epidemiological reports summarize the findings of studies that presides them. In most cases, epidemiological profiles work hand in hand with need assessment reports. Both tools are essential for the designing of health development projects for communities. In most societies, health care practitioners and public health conduct need assessment studies and epidemiological reports on a regular basis for their communities.
The residents of Prince George’s County are the community of interest in this report. HIV/AIDS is the epidemiology of concern, and so the sexually active population in Prince George’s is of particular interest for the report. Previous research indicated that the county has people of different origins and that African Americans and the Hispanics constitute the majority (Onboard Informatics, 2015). The estimated total population of the county is approximately 900,000 (Creekmur, 2014, Pg. 1). Cultural practices influence the spread of HIV/AIDS, and the diverse constitution of the population in Prince Georges influences epidemiological findings.
Researchers found that in the State of Maryland, HIV/AIDS is more prevalent in people who are between thirty to thirty-nine years of age. (Center for HIV/AIDS Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Evaluation, 2013, Pg. 25). The age group coincides with the married people, implying that HIV/AIDS transmission occurs more frequently among sexually active persons than in other populations. Therefore, it could be reasonable to infer that marriage places people at a risk of the disease. The occurrence of the epidemic was also high among residents of ages 40 to 49 and 20 to 29, indicating an irresistible call for interventions.
Stakeholders require enhancing sexual education among the population, with emphasis on the married people. People need adopting healthy behavioral practices such as faithfulness in their marriage to counter the high rates of the disease. HIV/AIDS prevalence among teenagers and the younger population was below the alarming threshold. However, stakeholders should not misinterpret the data and ignore teenagers in the educative strategies. It is advisable that the responsible bodies educate teenagers on the sexual matters as well as concept that present in HIV/AIDS. Placing the population at an informed position could be effective in handling epidemics. Such moves could be preventive, and would lead to the optimal goal of minimizing the occurrence of the nuisance in the county.
In Prince George’s County, behavioral practices might have caused the high prevalence of the disease. For instance, drug abuse among the residents might have resulted in irresponsible sexual activities. Statistics indicates that close to 80% of the adult residents of Prince George’s drink alcohol on a frequent basis (Onboard Informatics, 2015). CDC also noted the high alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking as risky behaviors that members of the Prince George’s community indulge (cited in Creekmur, 2014, Pg. 6). Alcohol use accompanies the impairment of decision-making processes. Therefore, it could be logical to deduct that its wide use among the community contributed to the high cases of HIV/AIDS transmission. Alcohol use and sexual misbehavior are common co-occurring events in communities, and they indicate a need for interventions.
Compared to other states, Maryland ranked position seven in the prevalence of the disease (Maryland Prevention and Health Promotion Administration, 2013). The statistics translated to a frequency of 30.6 new victims in every population of 100,000 people. The implication of Maryland being among the top ten most affected states is that the county is at an alarming epidemiological state. HIV/AIDS prevalence in the region increases with time, with data indicating rates of 632.9 cases for every group of 100,000 persons by the year 2010 (Maryland Prevention and Health Promotion Administration, 2013).
References
Center for HIV Surveillance, Epidemiology, and Evaluation. Prince George’s County: Annual HIV epidemiological profile. Retrieved from http://phpa.dhmh.maryland.gov/OIDEOR/CHSE/SiteAssets/SitePages/statistics/Prince%20George%27s%20County%20HIV%20AIDS%20Epidemiological%20Profile2.pdf
Creekmur, P. B. (2014). Health Report 2014. Retrieved from http://www.princegeorgescountymd.gov/sites/Health/ContactUs/Publications/Documents/2014%20health%20report%20v4-08-14%20no%20blank%20pages.pdf
Maryland Prevention and Health Promotion Administration. (2013). New HIV rankings for Maryland. Retrieved from http://www.jhsph.edu/research/affiliated-programs/AIDS-linked-to-the-intravenous-experience/_documents/New_HIV_Rankings_for_Maryland.pdf
Onboard Informatics. (2015). Prince George’s County, MD. City-data.com. Retrieved from http://www.city-data.com/county/Prince_George-s_County-MD.html
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