Genetics gene cinnabar
Genetics research paper on the gene cinnabar which is found in fruit flies ans how it helps find new developments on huntingtons disease
Introduction
Drosophila melanogaster, also known as the fruit fly, is an adequate model organism for scientific research. D. melanogaster has been used for over 100 years to study genetics. The multi cellular organism’s central nervous system is made of glia and neurons that function relative to their mammalian counterparts. The first decade of the 21st century revealed information found in the laboratory of Thomas Hunt Morgan, where he and his colleagues discovered mutations in genes and confirmed Mendelian laws of inheritance.
Drosophila melanogaster is a respectable species to study genetics because of several aspects. D. melanogaster is easy to reproduce and has a short life cycle. The fruit flies are small and inexpensive, which makes them convenient to manage in a lab setting. They also produce large and quick amounts of progeny, which includes large genetic variation. In recent decades the sequenced genome has added to the investigation of cell biology. It has allowed for the study of basic developmental and cellular mechanisms, which is comparable to that of mammalian species such as humans.
The study of D. melanogaster had proven to be exceptional is genetic research and can be used to find developmental mechanisms that can help in understanding genetic variation and mutations in the human genome. About 75 % of known human genes that express diseases have an identifiable match in the genome of D. melanogaster.
The gene Cinnabar has been used to study the effects of genes that cause Huntington’s disease. Huntington’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is autosomal dominant. The gene Cinnabar can be used to exploit a transgenic model of Huntington’s disease to explore the potential of the manipulation of the enzyme associated to Cinnabar gene.
Body
• Full description of cinnabar
-what phenotype
-what mutation occurs
-evidence of neurodegenerative properties
-location
-life expectancy
• Full description of Huntington’s disease
-how and when it occurs
– role of genes, enzymes,
• What research and data has been found about using cinnabar for gene therapy
-how gene was experimented
-the results
-conclusion of results
Conclusion
• final thoughts
-how D. melanogaster helps
-why experiment prove to show therapeutic advancements.
Literature Cited
1. Andrew D. Strand, Aaron K. Aragaki, Dennis Shaw, Thomas Bird, Janice Holton, Christopher Turner, Stephen J. Tapscott, Sarah J. Tabrizi, Anthony H. Schapira, Charles Kooperberg, James M. Olson; Gene expression in Huntington’s disease skeletal muscle: a potential biomarker, Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 14, Issue 13, 1 July 2005, Pages 1863–1876.
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5. Green, E.W., Campesan, S., Breda, C., Sathyasaikumar, K.V., Muchowski, P.J., Schwarcz, R., Kyriacou, C.P., Giorgini, F. (2012). Drosophila eye color mutants as therapeutic tools for Huntington disease. Fly 6(2): 117–120.
6. Ghosh, D., Forrest, H.S. (1967). Enzymatic studies on the hydroxylation of kynurenine in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 55: 423–431.
7. Navrotskaya, V., Wnorowski, A., Turski, W., Oxenkrug, G. (2018). Effect of Kynurenic Acid on Pupae Viability of Drosophila melanogaster cinnabar and cardinal Eye Color Mutants with Altered Tryptophan-Kynurenine Metabolism. Neurotox. Res. 34(2): 324–331.
8. Sullivan, D.T., Kitos, R.J., Sullivan, M.C. (1973). Developmental and genetic studies on kynurenine hydroxylase from Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 75: 651–661.
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