Health based nursing research reforms
Order Instructions:
Take note that this paper comes in two sections and each section is suppose to have its reference list at the end of that section. For section A, you will have to paste the link to the article used for the critique, and also any references used in the paper. and for section you will provide 4 minimum references from credible pear review sources. remember to follow proper rules on how to critique an article.
SECTION A (1 page)
Health Reform Shaped by Nursing Research
Critique a reliable internet source that describes a health reform-related public policy that was shaped or influenced by the application of nursing research in the U.S and should not be more than 5 years old. Also post the link to the internet source at the end of your paper.
Paste the link at the end of this section, which will directly link the reader to the article use for the critique.
SECTION B (1 page) ( 4 references minimum)
For this section, refer to 111521 and 111489 to better understand this section as those sections will have some reasonable information to the writer a better understanding of the amendment we are working on.
Compare two ethical principles and three measurable goals that would support passage by Congress of your amendment hear below.
The public policy problem is that section 2713 requires organizations to provide their workers with birth control as part of their insurance coverage. The public policy question is: should the federal government mandate that organizations can choose whether or not to provide contraceptive services to employees as part of their insurance coverage? The public policy resolution is an amendment to section 2713(a) (4) of PL 111-148 that would say: organizations – both for-profit and non-profit organizations – have the option of either offering their employees birth control as part of their insurance coverage or not to offer contraceptive services (Cauchi, 2014).
Resources.
Surprise: Obamacare is helping not harming traditional healthcare
Yahoo Fianance < http://finance.yahoo.com/news/a-surprise-obamacare-development–the-old-system-gets-stronger-191500716.html?soc_src=copy > [8/22/2014]
New Obama birthcontrol fixes for religious groups
< http://finance.yahoo.com/news/obama-offers-accommodations-birth-control-172442035–finance.html?soc_src=copy > [8/22/2014]
Democrats reframe debate on health care
< http://news.yahoo.com/dems-reframe-election-debate-health-082837822.html?soc_src=copy > [8/22/2014]
State Laws and actions challenging certain health reforms Richard Cauchi (2014) < http://www.ncsl.org/research/health/state-laws-and-actions-challenging-ppaca.aspx > [8/31/2014]
Top U.S. health advisor wants end to partisan fighting over Obamacare
< http://news.yahoo.com/top-u-health-adviser-wants-end-partisan-fighting-205047831.html?soc_src=copy > [9/9/2014]
Ouch, the bill for Obama care coming due
< http://finance.yahoo.com/news/ouch-bill-obamacare-coming-due-141800039.html > [9/9/2014]
One place we don’t see Obamacare working-Our pay check
< http://www.vox.com/2014/9/11/6130611/health-and-wages > [9/12/2014]
SAMPLE ANSWER
Health based nursing research reforms
The reforms in the health sector have been researched by various researchers in the nursing field. One of the highly recognized researchers that came up with a series of reforms in the health sector is the IOM report as by the committee of Robert Wood Foundation. Their research methodology was very efficient given the breadth of the area of study. Survey was used in observing the practitioners in the field and the use of questionnaires in collecting the data was very recommendable in their study.
The findings came were analyzed and the researchers recommended the changes that were to be effected in the field so that the field could be running effectively and smoothly. The first finding according to the researchers is that nurses in the U.S do not practice their nursing fully due to a variety of historical, regulatory and policy barriers which have limited the ability and scope of practice of the nurses (IOM, 2011, chapter 3). In regard to this barrier the researchers recommended that there is need for standardization of policies of practice by the nurses in all over the states of America. Once the rules have been standardized then the staff turnover will be reduced and any nurse can work at any hospital within the United States (Montgomery & Keegan, 2013, p. 59). All nurses should be allowed fully to the degree of their knowledge without limitations. Secondly the researchers found out that the education levels of the nurses were never advanced and therefore recommended that nurses should achieve higher education training through an improved education system that promotes seamless academic progression (IOM, 2011, chapter 4). Thirdly they found out that the nurses were not cooperating fully with the physicians. They recommended that nurses should be full partners with physicians and other health professionals in redesigning the healthcare system in United States (IOM, 2011, chapter 5). Laureate &Grey (2010, p.4) refer to this as the change in the practice model for the better achievement of results and effective flow of work in the working environment. Fourthly, the researchers’ findings revealed a lapse in the patient management of information. The researchers recommended effective workforce planning and policy making require better data collection and an improved information structure (IOM, 2011, chapter 6).
Reference
IOM (Institute of Medicine). 2011. The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health.
Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. Retrieved from
http://thefutureofnursing.org/sites/default/files/Future%20of%20Nursing%20Report_pdf
Montgomery, B. & Keegan, L., 2013. Holistic nursing: A handbook for practice (6th ed.).
Holistic nursing association: United States. Retrieved from http://books.google.co.ke/books?h
Laureate, L., & Grey, M., 2010. Pitt nurse. University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing
Magazine. Retrieved from http://www.nursing.pitt.edu/pitt_nurse/archive/pittnurse_winter2010.pdf
One of the ethical principles is the principle of autonomy. This principle stands for independence and the ability to be self directed. According to this principle everyone has a right to self-determination and arte entitled to decide what happens to the life. Adults have the ability to think and capacity to consent to or refuse the treatment. This amendment will provide that everyone’s wishes are respected even if they do not agree to them. Mandating that the insurance companies cover the contraceptives, sterilizations and drugs or devices that are meant to induce the expulsion of human embryo would violate the consciences of many Americans which shall be against the promises made by president Obama (Centre for Medicare and Medical Services, 2011).
The other ethical principle is justice to all. This requires that all clients be treated equally irrespective of the origin, race or occupation. This principle stands to equalize those who are in the job market and those who are not. The bill is unfair because it concentrates on providing the contraceptives to those people who are in working in organizations or companies. Those who work in the private sector or who do not work will have not been affected by this bill. According to the National Catholic Bioethics Center (2010) pregnancy is not a disease and therefore contraceptives, sterilizations and abortifications should not be included as mandated preventive services. Therefore amending t he bill will ensure that both the workers and those who are not working are all treated equally.
One of the measurable goals is public education in regard to the use of the contraceptives their side effects and other better birth control methods. Another measurable goal is workers engagement in understanding the need for the amendment. The amendment should be expressed fully to the workers explaining to them why we need the amendments. Once they have understood then the need for the amendment then they can be the first ones to campaign for the amendment. The third measurable goal is engage organizations and groups that stand against the bill. for instance the religious group[s such as the Catholics are on record for opposing this bill, therefore engaging them in the amendment process will give more support to the amendment. The amendment should have the support of as many people as possible and one of the ways is to use such organizations.
References
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, 2011. File Code CMS-9992-IFC2. Submitted
Electronically Via Email. Family Research Council , Washington, DC
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011. “Women’s Preventive Services: Required
Health Plan Coverage Guidelines,” retrieved from http://www.hrsa.gov/womensguidelines/
The National Catholic Bioethics Center, 2010. File Code OCIIO 9999. Philadelphia. Retrieved from www.ncbcenter.org
Morici, P., 2014. Ouch, the Bill for ObamaCare Coming Due. http://finance.yahoo.com/news/ouch-bill-obamacare-coming-due-141800039.html
Newman, R., 2014. Surprise: Obamacare is helping, not harming, traditional healthcare.
Retrieved from http://finance.yahoo.com/news/a-surprise-obamacare-development–the-old-system-gets-stronger-191500716.html?soc_src=copy
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