Perioperative Specialist and Nursing Care Order Instructions: 15 APA RREFERENCESIN TOTAL NOT OLDER THEN 5 YEARS. JOURNALS AND ARTICLES ONLY. ALL RESEARCH SHOULD BE VALID IN AUSTRALIA.
NOTE; MY NURSING SPECIALITY IS PERIOPERATIVE NURSING
AS IN EXAMPLE I AM ATTACHING ANOTHER STUDENTS WORK IN SAME SPECIALITY (PERIOPERATIVE) NURSING.
PLEASE GO THROUGH THE DOCUMENTS ATTACHED FOR ALL THE INFORMATION.
ONE FILES HAS QUESTIONS AND MARKING GUIDE.
The SECOND FILE HAS READING AND ACTIVITIES FOR THE ASSESSMENT
THIRD FILES IS NNMBA WHICH TELLS THE LEGALITIES WHICH NEEDS TO BE CONSIDERED WHILE MAKING THE ASSIGNMENT
MAKE SURE TO FOLLOW THE MARKING GUIDE.
Perioperative Specialist and Nursing Care Sample Answer
Three assessment questions for a Perioperative Specialist
TASK 1
Perioperative care is an important practice in as far as health care is concerned. It comes with various challenges that every health worker requires to understand. During the provision of perioperative care, patients’ safety is the primary focus (Laws & Goudas, 2013). However, the health care’s provider’s health is mostly forgotten. Perioperative placement poses a challenge in the health of the nurses. To start with, nurses undergo not only physical injury but also they experience emotional harm. These nurses are expected to work long shifts which sometimes extend beyond twelve hours (ElBardissi & Sundt, 2012). This is attributed by the fact that nurses mostly perform their duties while standing therefore predisposing them to musculoskeletal injuries.
Moreover, they are predisposed to infections. During the placement, one comes in contact with secretions from the patient. Some patients may have hepatitis infections, while other may be infected with HIV virus (Gillespie, Gwinner, Chaboyer, & Fairweather, 2013). Perioperative nurses are usually separated from their family members for long hours this makes them suffer from workplace related stresses.
The health of nurses is very critical since it determines the provision of quality care to patients. There are workplaces which make nurses experience physical and psychological damage. The improper work environment can predispose perioperative nurses to short-term or long-term conditions (Laws & Goudas, 2013). These include musculoskeletal injuries, infections and mental health changes. Long-term complications that may also arise include diseases such as cardiovascular and neoplastic diseases.
Factors that predispose to psychological damage include long working hours and long shifts and also some nurses work overtime. It is believed that when nurses work for long, they may end up affecting their sleeping patterns which in turn affects the length and quality of sleep (Laws & Goudas, 2013). When working for long hours, time of social interactions with family members and friends is depleted. This makes the nurses be separated from their families for long. Physical injuries can result from some positions nurses are expected to assume when for instance lifting patients. Many nurses end up complaining of backaches.
Perioperative Specialist and Nursing Care References
Afkari, H., Bednarik, R., Mäkelä, S., & Eivazi, S. (2016). Mechanisms for Maintaining Situation Awareness in the Micro-Neurosurgical Operating Room. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies.
ElBardissi, A. W., & Sundt, T. M. (2012). Human factors and operating room safety. Surgical Clinics of North America, 92(1), 21-35.
Gillespie, B. M., Gwinner, K., Chaboyer, W., & Fairweather, N. (2013). Team communications in surgery–creating a culture of safety. Journal of interprofessional care, 27(5), 387-393.
Laws, T. A., & Goudas, L. (2013). Health workers Safety in the operating room: A systematic review. ACORN: The Journal of Perioperative Nursing in Australia, 26(3), 10.
Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2010). Nursing and national competency standards for Registered nurse.
TASK 2
The nursing profession is governed by a professional code of ethics which stipulate the roles and responsibilities of nurses during provision of care. Moreover, some ethical issues must be considered. During the provision of care, nurses should be aware of the client’s rights. Every patient has the right to confidentiality; this means that the information provided by the patient should not be disclosed to anyone without their consent (Gold, Philip, Mclver, & Komesaroff, 2012). Clients must be assured of confidentiality to prevent them from withholding any information that might directly impact their health.
However, nurses usually face a challenge when the health of the client is compromised especially when they are undergoing an operation. This may happen in the case for the patient who was undergoing an operation goes into a comma (Gold, Philip, Mclver, & Komesaroff, 2012). In as much as the perioperative nurse might have promised to keep any information confidential, it may necessitate disclosure of this information to the family members (Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia, 2014). However, this goes against the principle of confidentiality. There are ethical principles which can guide the healthcare professions in the perioperative unit.
When a patient is undergoing surgery, and it happens that a particular body part requires to be amputated, it is difficult for the health providers to make a proper decision parting the outcome since the patient had not given consent. It, therefore, calls for the involvement of the carers.
In the event the health of a patient on the operating table deteriorates, nurses are torn between safeguarding the patient’s confidentiality or disclosing any information to the caregivers. Before admission into the perioperative unit, possibly when the patient is signing the consent, it is important to ask them what information can be shared with the family members. Therefore, it is important for the patients to understand that they may not be able to make decisions when they have been with anesthetic agents (Gold, Philip, Mclver & Komesaroff, 2012). Similarly, when they are in the theater, they may develop anxiety and tension, therefore, carry out the wrong decisions. This, therefore, stresses the need to share information with the family members (Wilson, 2012).
Patients have a right to make decisions regarding their health and therefore, perioperative nurses should respect since its emphasis on the importance of keeping confidentiality (Berman et al. 2012). In case any information is disclosed without the patient’s consent, the patient may suffer psychologically on realizing it. Patients may take legal action in the event of bleach of confidentiality (Gold, Philip, Mclver, & Komesaroff, 2012). However, in some situations, it may be important to share a patient’s information with other health care professionals to safeguard their health. This would mostly apply in case a patient to undergo an operation has hepatitis or HIV infection.
Perioperative Specialist and Nursing Care References
Berman, A., Snyder, S.J., Kozier, B., Erb, G., Levett-Jones T., Dwyer, T., Hales, M., Harvey, N., & Stanley, D. (2012). Kozier and erb’s fundamentals of nursing (2nd ed.). Vol 2, NSW: Pearson Sydney Australia.
DeKeyser Ganz, F., & Berkovitz, K. (2011). Surgical nurses’ perceptions of ethical dilemmas, moral distress and quality of care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 68(7), 1516-1525.
Gold, M., Philip, J., Mclver, S., & Komesaroff, P. A. (2012). Between a rock and hard place: Exploring the conflict between respecting the privacy of the patient and informing their carers. Internal Medicine Joiurnal, 39(9), 582-587.
Ingravallo, F., Gilmore, E., Vignatelli, L., Dormi, A., Carosielli, G., Lanni, L., & Taddi, P. (2014). Factors associated with nurse’s opinion and practices regarding information and consent. Nursing Ethics, 2(3), 259-313.
Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia. (2014). Nursing and national competency standards for Registered nurse.
Petronio, S., & Sargent, J. (2011). Disclosure Predicaments Arising During the Course of Patient Care: Nurses’ Privacy Management. Health Communication, 26(3), 255-266.
Wilson, R. (2012). Legal, ethical and professional concepts with in the operating department. National Institute of Health, 22(3),81-5.
TASK3
Surgery disrupts the body image even when the surgical results are optimal. I noted during my placement that those patients who underwent surgery experienced social isolation and depression after surgery. This was attributed by patient’s different perception on illness. It came to my realization that patients who underwent cardiac surgery experienced social, emotional and spiritual fears. This was attributed to the patients having a cultural meaning of the heart as an organ responsible for emotions and controls life (Griffin & Yancey, 2011). The perioperative environment takes the patient away from the family home exposing him to unknown situations, bright lights, strange sounds and technical language. I also noted that previous hospital experiences and personal issues such as unemployment family responsibilities may have adverse impacts on the outcome of the surgery (Hanna et al., 2012).
I realized during my placement that in the perioperative phase, nurses have a great responsibility in addressing patient’s perception on about the outcome of surgery. Most patients had anxiety and fear which was directly related to the death threat, threat to change of health condition and separation from their family members. I happened to interact with a patient who was waiting to be done craniotomy and he had fears that the operation would have changed his life. I appreciated that nurses were vigilant in handling these fears. After surgery, most patients were grateful to the nurses for the information they were provided with since it provided them with better coping skills hence faster recuperation. These patients therefore changed their perception about illness and recovery after surgery
I noted that during the perioperative period that, preadmission contact, provision of relevant education and information, proper communication skills and maintaining patient privacy are factors which provide security and patient satisfaction (Reynolds & Carnwell, 2012). Minimal nurse contact, lack of personalized care and lack of information about the surgery, type of anesthetic agent and recovery are associated factors to the dissatisfaction of the patient. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to attend to the patient’s expectation to surgery. In the perioperative period, the nurse should attend to patients concerns, attend to medical needs as well as emotional, social and spiritual concerns (Griffin & Yancey, 2011)
My experience during my placement enlightened me that surgery can have physical and psychological change s which can have consequences on the life of the patient after surgery and have a different meaning on health, illness, and death (Berman et al., 2012). Nurses have a role in respecting the patient’s values and beliefs and provide support to family members and patients. Health professionals should understand the perceptions of the patients regarding illnesses and recuperation so as to enhance their recovery.
Perioperative Specialist and Nursing Care References
Berman, A., Snyder, S.J., Kozier, B., Erb, G., Levett-Jones T., Dwyer, T., Hales, M., Harvey, N., & Stanley, D. (2012). Kozier and erb’s fundamentals of nursing (2nd ed.). Vol 2, NSW: Pearson Sydney Australia.
Griffin, A., & Yancey, V. (2011). Spiritual Dimensions of the Perioperative Experience. AORN Journal, 89(5), 875-882.
Hanna, M. N., González-Fernández, M., Barrett, A. D., Williams, K. A., & Pronovost, P. (2012). Does patient perception of pain control affect patient satisfaction across surgical units in a tertiary teaching hospital?. American Journal of Medical Quality, 27(5), 411-416.
Reynolds, J., & Carnwell, R. (2012). The nurse-patient relationship in the post-anesthetic care unit. Nursing Standard, 24(15), 40-46.
Tan, K., Konishi, F., Kawamura, Y., Maeda, T., Sasaki, J., Tsujinaka, S., & Horie, H. (2011). Laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly patients: a case-control study of 15 years of experience. The American Journal of Surgery, 201(4), 531-536.
