Psychopathology and Chronic Inflammatory Disease Write a Response to the provided post in one or more of the following ways: Share insights on how the factor you selected impacts the disorder your colleague identified.
Ï Ask a probing question regarding the disorder that your colleague identified.
Ï Suggest an alternative disorder for the scenario your colleague selected.
Asthma, Scenario 1
COLLAPSE
The child has an underlying diagnosis of Asthma. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the bronchial hyperactivity and reversible airflow obstruction.
In this scenario, it involves a 7-month-old infant. Asthma is most prevalent in childhood affecting 10% of U.S. children between birth 17 years old age. Asthma symptoms overlap other respiratory illnesses such as bronchitis or upper respiratory tract infections. Ms. Teel believed that her child had respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), about 7- to 80% of acute wheezing episodes in children are associated with viral respiratory tract infections such as RSV (Huether & McCance, 2017).
The patient had risk factors such as atopic dermatitis (Eczema). As this child is younger than 5, an empirical trial of asthma medications would be initiated and confirmation of diagnosis of asthma is relied on a pulmonary function using spirometry.
The child coughs mostly at night and in most nights coughs to some extent. Uncontrolled asthma often acts up at night, according to Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (2012), this is correlated with the natural body rhythms and changes in the body’s hormones. With proper management, the person should be able to sleep through the night.
The child has a history of ear infections, otitis media is characterized by accumulation of eosinophils in the middle ear that has a strong association with asthma (Seo ,Nonaka, Tagaya, Tamaoki, Yoshihara, 2015).
Psychopathology and Chronic Inflammatory Disease
Pathophysiology of Asthma is initiated by a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction primarily mediated by Th2 lymphocytes whose cytokines activate mast cells, eosinophilia, leukocytosis and enhanced B cell IgE production. In children airway obstruction can be more sever as their airway is smaller.
N early asthmatic response an antigen exposure to the bronchial mucous activated the dendritic cells which starts the inflammatory cytokines. Plasma cells then produce antigen-specific IgE which binds to the mast cells, this causes the release of inflammatory mediators including histamine, bradykinins, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, platelet-activation factors and interleukins.
These cause the vasodilation, bronchospasms and mucus secretion of the narrowing and obstruction of the airways. In late asthmatic response the acute response causes a latent release of inflammatory mediators which triggers bronchospasms, edema, mucous secretion with obstruction to airflow.
Untreated inflammation can lead to long-term airway damage that is irreversible (Huether & McCance, 2017)…
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