Issues associated with Push up the Supply Chain when Implementing JIT
Order Instructions:
I want a custom essay 1000 to 1500 words with 7 different referencing Harvard system in the following subjects:
What are the issues associated with pushing risks up the supply chain when implementing JIT?
Provided with examples from real companies.
Thank you for your help.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Issues associated with Pushup the Supply Chain when Implementing JIT
There are varied issues that can emanate from pushing risks up the supply chain when implementing JIT. One of the issues is that the illusion that organizations have managed the risks has often been overlooked, as well as the critical exposure along the supply chain. Therefore, supply chains that control hundreds or thousands of companies over several tiers present significant risks (Smith & Zsidisin 2002). Another issue that may arise is that pushing up risks the supply chain when implementing JIT limits ownership and increases the risks of obsolescence, inventories, and lack of responsiveness to peak and troughs in customer demands, thus, becoming even more complicated (Smith & Zsidisin 2002, p.119). Ownership problem can also be brought in by the process, which is triggered by outsourcing and concentration on core competencies, the accelerated use of manufacturing and distribution, and logistics partners leading to a complex network of business correlations with confused dimensions of responsibilities (Smith & Zsidisin 2002, p.119). These risks will emerge into inventory costs due to product obsolescence and markdowns or stock-outs, which are pushed up the supply chain.
When implementing JIT, getting the source of risks for the supply chains becomes hard. This is because the risks have been pushed up the supply chain in disorderly and concealing manner. Chaos effects can arise in supply chains (Smith & Zsidisin 2002). This is as result of second-guessing, unnecessary intervention, overreactions, and distorted information throughout a supply chain. Another issue that emerges is inertia. There will be general lack of responsiveness to dynamic and market signals of environment conditions. Inertia will also be brought by inflexibility of cost production. The practice of pushing risks up the supply chain also brings problems with cost containment, whereby, ability to adapt to changing costs becomes difficult. In addition, visibility is limited by the pushing-up of the risks as supply chain executives still struggles to analyze and act on the right information
Reference list
Smith, M. & Zsidisin, G. (2002). Early Supplier Involvement at MRD, Practix, Best Practices in Purchasing & Supply Chain Management journal. pp. 119-122.
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Now that we have talked about dialects vs. languages and dialect features in class, try to give a linguistic profile of yourself. Tell us what language you speak natively (or languages, if you grew up bilingual), and then explain what dialect of that language you speak, and give some information about the dialect (for example, is it is a regional dialect, an ethnic dialect, etc.) and who else speaks it. Then try to come up with some specific examples of dialect features that are present in your speech that are typical of that dialect. Concentrate not on just lexicon, but also on phonology and syntax. Is there anything specific to your pronunciation as opposed to a mainstream version of the language? Any specific grammatical constructions you are using, which are not part of the mainstream? Has anyone ever commented on your dialect? When traveling to a different place have you ever noticed your own speech differing from that of other people? If you could change your dialect, would you?
For the purposes of this assignment, it does not matter whether you are a native English speaker or not. Talk about your native language, and compare your dialect with the features of your native language!
I need Chinese mandarin as my native language,and any one of the Chinese dialect is ok.
SAMPLE ANSWER
My Dialect and Native Language
The Chinese mandarin happens to be my native language, but I also learnt English right from my early stages in school. I have since grown up as a bilingual with spoken and writing skills in both languages. Chinese Mandarin in general is a tonal language with about 3000 different characters (Ross, Chen, He, & Ma, 2014). Mandarin is a group of varieties of Chinese languages that are spoken across the northern and southwest China. Beijing dialect is the language that I speak. The Beijing dialect is spoken in the Beijing region and City. Beijing Mandarin is basically the root of the standard Mandarin but its usage is greatly limited within the confines of the Beijing region.
The Beijing dialect is consistent with most natives, and greatly employs the ‘er’ sound at the end of words. This accent also tends to enunciate its tone with what I can describe as authority. In some sense, I find it a melodious way of speaking the Mandarin. Again, people from the north will often utter “mei shi’er” as a way of saying “mei guan xi” which people from the south are likely to find perplexing. This aspect of the Beijing accent usually makes it very easy for those who are conversant with the language to recognize and comment on my accent.
As Wang and Qin, (2014) note, the most distinct lingual features of the Beijing accent are the tonal and sound variations. For instance, ”言語一聲兒“ is pronounced as (yuan2 yi yi4 shengr1) instead of the (yan2 yu3 yi2 shengr1). It has a different accent and many other lexical differences from the other dialects.
The phonology structure of the Beijing dialect syllables comprises of a nucleus with a vowel (a monophthong, triphthong, or a diphthong) proceeded by an onset (which can be a single consonant, zero onset, or a consonant + glide) followed by a coda consonant (Wang and Qin, 2014). The tone can also be carried by a consonant. Most syllables also tend take the form of open syllables meaning that they have no coda. The number of sounds in the Beijing dialect varies from that of Mainstream Mandarin. Each of the syllables can be pronounced with three to six distinct pitch contours which denote different morphemes. Consequently, the number of tonal contrasts in Beijing dialect differs from the other dialects because it has fewer distinctions (Ross et al., 2014).
Like the Chinese language, Beijing dialect is a very analytic language that has almost no inflectional morphemes. Indeed, I find it similar to English in the sense that it follows a similar structure of sentence that frequently forms sentences in the subject-predicate order. For instance, the predicate may be an intrusive verb, transive verb that is followed by the direct object, and a linking verb that is followed by a predicate normative. Additionally, the writing system for the Mandarin dialect is founded on a series of written logograms. When communicating with members from the other parts of the country such as Henan, Sichuan, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang, one notices the difference in terms of accents which are quite distinct. This is because the vocabulary of the Beijing dialect excludes all slang and other regionalism elements. Again, some colloquial words in this dialect are not present in the standard Mandarin Chinese and as such may not be comprehended by others from other regions away from Beijing. I find the Beijing dialect and the Mandarin in general a very rich and interesting language. There would be no intent for me to change the language in any way, instead, I would rather strive to learn more about the language.
References
Ross, C., Chen, P., He, B., & Ma, J. (2014). Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar Workbook. New York, NY: Routledge.
Wang, K., & Qin, H. (2014). What is peculiar to translational Mandarin Chinese? A corpus-based study of Chinese constructions’ load capacity. Corpus Linguistics & Linguistic Theory, 10(1), 57. doi:10.1515/cllt-2013-0020
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Diffusion of Innovation and Diffusion of Innovation Models
Order Instructions:
Can Technology + Behavior Be Diffused?
post a brief description of a population segment (by race, ethnicity, economic status, geographical location, etc.). Then, explain the relationship between health inequality/inequities and common biological or behavioral risk factors that have been linked to a particular disease in that population segment. Finally, describe the relationship between health inequality/inequities and life expectancy for that population.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Diffusion of Innovation
The diffusion of innovation concept attempts to explain the extent to which innovations are adopted in a population. Innovation is explained as an idea or behavior perceived as new by its audience. Diffusion of innovation provides some valuable understanding of social change. It explains the qualities that make an innovation spread, how essential is peer to peer conversations and peer networks and in understanding the demands for other different users. Behavioral and technological factors influences innovation diffusion and it spreads through social networks. Certain innovation spread more quickly due to its relative advantage, its compatibility with the existing value and practices, how simple it is and to use and the observable outcomes ( Bird, Conrad, Fremont, & Timmermans, 2010).
Evidences suggest that the differences in racial/ethnicity in death rate are linked to socioeconomic resources because of the data available. Most of the evidences are found on the health experience of the blacks and white in understanding racial or ethnic inequalities.
The potential power of the socioeconomic status image in realizing health inequalities including racial or ethnic disparities is apparent in the fact that socioeconomic differences in health results have been widely documented for most health conditions in most countries.
The individuals who suffer from the diseases such as physical impairedness and experience higher mortality rate are those who are poor and with less education (Bird, Conrad, Fremont, & Timmermans, 2010). In the United States, those who are better off have fewer health problems and some of their health conditions are sensitive to socioeconomic status. The differences in racial and socioeconomic are greater in some proportions of health. For instance, the death rates from heart diseases are higher in black men than in white men, but they do not disagree in the wide spread of the reported heart disease (Gee, Walsemann, & Brondolo, 2012).
The relationship between the socioeconomic status and health changes by age because of the differential relationships between the disease and socioeconomic status. The mortality rate in young adults is majorly prevailed by AIDS and violent deaths that are related to socioeconomic status. Deaths from of heart disease and cancer are prevalent in the middle adult ages (Killewo, Heggenhougen, & Quah, 2010). Early deaths from these causes may be among those with either high vulnerability or lifelong insult. The causes of death and many causes of disability that dominate old age have a long period of development. The mortality rate is not the same as the racial/ethnic differences in disability (Gee, Walsemann, & Brondolo, 2012).
Some factors of health are completely beyond the human ability to determine and, therefore, make it difficult to work towards complete equality in health. Equity implies some aspects of social unfairness. Therefore, in case a population more youthful than the other dies due to inherited differences, which is a non- controllable factor, it may be conclude that it is a health difference. On the other hand, the situation would be classed as health inequity if the life expectancy of the population is lower due to lack of access to proper medications. These unfairness cases may include the differences in the existence of diseases, and access to an hospital or health results between the populations, which has a different race, ethnicity or socioeconomic status.
References
Bird, C. E., Conrad, P., Fremont, A. M., & Timmermans, S. (2010). Handbook of Medical Sociology, Sixth Edition. Vanderbilt University Press.
Gee, G. C., Walsemann, K. M., & Brondolo, E. (2012). A Life Course Perspective on How Racism May Be Related to Health Inequities. American Journal of Public Health, 102(5), 967-974.
Killewo, J. Z. J., Heggenhougen, K., & Quah, S. R. (2010). Epidemiology and demography in public health. San Diego, CA: Academic Press/Elsevier.
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Although Canada is contiguous to the United States and has some cultural and historical similarities, Canada’s population enjoys a vastly superior health status. Reasons are many, can be traced historically, and are related to a different view of the role of government. The experience of Canada demonstrates that neither a heterogeneous population, nor a health system that has waiting lines for services, are reasons for poor health. By looking critically at what produces good health in Canada, much can be learned about steps the U.S. might need to take if population health is its goal.
The Canadian Best Practices Portal challenges Canadian public health practitioners and researchers to create upstream interventions aimed at the source of a population health problem or benefit. What is being done to address the influences on population health in Canada?
Search the Internet and scholarly research for examples of Canadian “upstream interventions” that can be put forth as examples of either effective or ineffective efforts to improve population health. This is a 4-5 pages):
The Assignment (4-5 pages):
1. Provide a description of an existing intervention in Canada, intended to improve health inequities. Include an explanation of the inequity and how the intervention targets upstream determinants of health.
2. Describe the organizations involved and/or social policies enacted in the implementation of the intervention.
3.Explain whether or not the intervention was/is successful and what lessons public health practitioners can learn from that experience that might improve population health in the United States.
Articles:
Dinca-Panaitescu, S., Dinca-Panaitescu, M., Bryant, T., Daiski, I., Pilkington, B., & Raphael, D. (2011). Diabetes prevalence and income: Results of the Canadian Community Health Survey. Health Policy, 99(2), 116–123.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Feeny, D., Kaplan, M. S., Huguet, N., & McFarland, B. H. (2010). Comparing population health in the United States and Canada. Population Health Metrics, 8, 8–18.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Kirkpatrick, S. I., & McIntyre, L. (2009). The Chief Public Health Officer’s report on health inequalities: What are the implications for public health practitioners and researchers? Canadian Journal of Public Health, 100(2), 93–95.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Vafaei, A., Rosenberg, M. W. & Pickett, W. (2010). Relationships between income inequality and health: A study on rural and urban regions of Canada. Rural and Remote Health, 10(2), 1430.
Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Please apply the Application Assignment Rubric when writing the Paper.
I. Paper should demonstrate an excellent understanding of all of the concepts and key points presented in the texts.
II. Paper provides significant detail including multiple relevant examples, evidence from the readings and other sources, and discerning ideas.
III. Paper should be well organized, uses scholarly tone, follows APA style, uses original writing and proper paraphrasing, contains very few or no writing and/or
spelling errors, and is fully consistent with doctoral level writing style.
IV. Paper should be mostly consistent with doctoral level writing style.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Health inequities are avoidable imbalances that contribute to poor health. Solutions for such inequities may be found in upstream interventions that address social, economic and environmental situations. Social determinants include preventative strategies such as physical activity and proper diet as important ways of preventing chronic diseases and improving overall health (Gore & Kothari, 2012). In Canada, Ontario implements interventions aiming to influence environmental and social factors to address inequities in health.
There is increasing prevalence of chronic disease among certain pockets of the Canadian population. Problems associated with the high cost of treating such diseases necessitate efforts to implement interventions targeting their underlying causes. Canada renewed its commitment to public health in 2003 in a response strategy targeted towards addressing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome through healthy living interventions. The associated cost of treating chronic diseases threatens the sustainability of the healthcare system. This realization informs the implementation of a healthy living intervention in Canada through development of chronic diseases prevention guidelines (Gore & Kothari, 2012).
In Canada, low economic social status is measured in terms of literacy and income levels. It determines citizens’ vulnerability to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Dinca-Panaitescu, Dinca-Panaitescu, Bryant, Daiski, Pilkington, & Raphael, 2011). Studies show higher prevalence of chronic disease and lower life expectancy in low -income areas as compared to wealthier areas. Research also shows that job insecurity, unemployment, part-time employment and temporary employment negatively affects health as it is associated with elevated levels of chronic diseases such as blood pressure and increased risk of death from cardiovascular diseases. Aborigines, immigrants and people of color also have low incomes and are at higher risks of stress that triggers development of chronic diseases (Gore & Kothari, 2012).
Canada implements health policies aimed at preventing chronic illnesses by addressing upstream causes encompassing lifestyle, socioeconomic and environmental factors. One example of the policies is the 2009 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines advocating for reduced salt and simple sugars intake. It promotes the replacement of saturated and trans-fats with unsaturated, as well as higher consumption of vegetables and fruits. The guideline also recommends greater attention to weight control to prevent obesity and ensure that more citizens maintain a healthy body weight (Raine, 2010).
Health boards received instructions on the appropriate way to evaluate the population needs and tailor interventions to the groups facing the highest risk. Another policy is the Ontario guidelines for healthy eating and active living that informs various interventions to address health inequities in Ontario (Gore & Kothari, 2012). Aboriginal people and new comers in Canada have a higher prevalence of chronic illness often because of poor nutritional decisions and lack of opportunities for physical exercise. To address inequities among aboriginal people, there is an initiative to provide recreation and fitness equipment and youthful fitness ambassadors in their various locations. Other interventions in the Ontario guidelines for healthy eating and active living include provision for a web and phone based dietitian serving populations in remote areas. It also includes providing fruits and vegetables to schools through partnership with the ministry concerned with agriculture. Efforts to encourage physical activity include collaboration with urban planning designers to ensure that cities promote healthy living and that schools have routes that encourage physical exercise through walking and biking. The local public health units also oversee the compulsory programs and 36 heart health community partnerships to reduce cardiovascular disease (Ministry of Health Promotion, 2006).
The Ontario plan on active and healthy living is also referred to as ACTIVE2010 supports communities to implement community sports and physical activity and nutrition projects (Ministry of Health Promotion, 2006). The plan adopted a multi-sectoral approach targeting the population on a variety of levels. It includes actors from NGOs, private industry, service providers, and communities. Partnership between actors in healthcare is imperative in addressing the wide-ranging impact of social determinants in populations residing in diverse settings (Gore & Kothari, 2012).
The government in Ontario supports the intervention through policies that guide enhanced physical activity in schools, providing access to nutritious foods to children and encouraging hygiene and safety in the environment. Community organizations actively participate through facilitating health promotion trainings to prevent the occurrence of chronic illnesses among at risk individuals. Private companies also participate by creating health and wellness programs for their staff including healthier food choices and exercise. Some companies in the food industry are also keen in providing healthier food selection and creating awareness on the same (Ministry of Health Promotion, 2006).
The physical exercise interventions are tenable and have resulted in substantial benefits to the population. The interventions assist Ontarians to become more physically active through community sports and physical activity projects that are largely supported through the communities in action fund. The implementation of the Ontario’s trail strategy also encourages physical activity through provision of outdoor walking spaces in various areas for all (Ministry of Health Promotion, 2006). In as much as interventions targeting to reduce salt content in packaged and restaurant foods are tenable, the dietary recommendations for preventing chronic diseases remain largely unmet in Canada. Only a few companies have positively responded to the guidelines’ recommendations. The industry progress is underwhelming because many other companies are yet to take voluntary measures to reduce salt in their food products. It shows that regulatory controls are necessary to increase the number of companies acting to reduce sodium levels in processed foods (Raine, 2010).
The Canadian Heart and Health strategy and Action Plan recommends that creating heart friendly environments through education, legislation, and policies aimed at promoting healthy eating and physical activity are efficient interventions in addressing upstream determinants of health. An examination of environment-based interventions to prevent cardiovascular diseases in Ontario and indicates that they failed to address the social causes or determinants of illnesses. Interventions in settings at schools, workplaces, government buildings and communities are insufficient in addressing unfavorable living conditions and factors that create inequity. There is need for greater political will to invest more aggressively in prevention to achieve success (Raine, 2010).
Complete success of the Ontario’s healthy eating and active living plan is dependent upon greater political will to support aggressive implementation including legislative measures. Public health practitioners in the United States must ensure that when adopting such interventions, there is a solid legal foundation to ensure success. The US requires implementing strategies that address health inequities emanating from low-income and racial factors are addressed through population specific measures. A multidisciplinary approach is also imperative in ensuring that communities, government agencies and private sector players coordinate their efforts. There must be enforceable laws on wellness programs, food industry parameters and urban planning. These factors coupled with concerted efforts between public health agencies, education, food and agriculture, companies and the communities provide prime conditions for success.
References
Dinca-Panaitescu, S., Dinca-Panaitescu, M., Bryant, T., Daiski, I., Pilkington, B., & Raphael, D. (2011). Diabetes prevalence and income: Results of the Canadian Community Health Survey. Health Policy, 99(2), 116-123.
Gore, D., & Kothari, A. (2012). Social Determinants of Health in Canada: Are Health Initiatives There Yet? A Policy Analysis. Internatinal Journal for Equity in Health, 11(41), 1-14.
Ministry of Health Promotion. (2006). Ontario’s Action Plan for Healthy Eating and Active Living. Retrieved September 24, 2014, from www.mhp.gov.on.ca: http://www.mhp.gov.on.ca/en/heal/actionplan-EN.pdf
Raine, K. D. (2010). Addressing Poor Nutrition to Promote Heart Health: Moving Upstream. Canadian Journal of Cardiology, 21-24.
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Identify a theory that can be used to support your proposed solution.
Write a summary (250 words) in which you:
Describe the theory and your rationale for selecting the theory.
Discuss how the theory works to support your proposed solution.
Explain how you will incorporate the theory into your project.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Incorporating Theory
Various theorists have developed different theories to help understand the concept of nursing. The theories aim to add value on nursing to promote quality. One of the theories the paper deliberates on and which supports my proposed solution is Virginia Henderson’s Need Theory.
The theory was developed by Virginia Henderson, who defined nursing as the duty to help individuals, either sick or not, to perform various activities that aids their recovery or helps them to a peaceful death (Wills & McEwen, 2002). These are the activities that the individual may not perform without assistance because the one lacks strength, knowledge, and will. This assistance is essential in helping the patient/individuals to gain independence quickly (Afaf, 1997). Therefore, a nurse has the duty to work with the person, provide needed help, and do some roles for the person to achieve independence.
The reason for choosing this theory is that it expounds the roles of a nurse. Nurses must be able to assist the individuals to enhance recovery, as they require attention to make them strong to stand on their own.
This theory works to support the solution through its various assumptions. One of the assumptions is that nurses provide care to patients until they are in a position to care for themselves (Taylor & Lillis, 2001). The second assumption is that nurses have a desire and are willing to devote themselves night and day to provide care for the patients (Delaune & Ladner, 2002). Therefore, these assumptions and the roles that nurse do jointly enhance the quality of care. Patients must be assisted to make them independent to resume to their normalcy.
One of the reasons why I would incorporate the theory in my practice is that it impacts on the health of the patients. Nurses have a role to help their patients in becoming independent. This is a very important aspect in the field of nursing and nurses must always be committed and dedicated to providing better care to their patients.
References
Afaf, M. (1997). Theoretical Nursing: Development & Progress, 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott.
Delaune, C., & Ladner, K. (2002). Fundamental of nursing, standard and practice, 2nd edition, Thomson, NY.
Taylor, C., & Lillis, C. (2001). The Art & Science Of Nursing Care, 4th ed. Philadelphia, Lippincott.
Wills, M., & McEwen, M. (2002). Theoretical Basis for Nursing Philadelphia. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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Consider the population in which the solution is intended, the staff that will participate, and the key contributors that must provide approval and/or support for your project to be implemented. These stakeholders are considered your audience.
Develop an implementation plan (1,500 words). The elements that should be included in your plan are listed below:
Method of obtaining necessary approval(s) and securing support from your organization’s leadership and fellow staff.
Description of current problem, issue, or deficit requiring a change. Hint: If you are proposing a change in current policy, process, or procedure(s) when delivering patient care, describe first the current policy, process, or procedure as a baseline for comparison.
Detailed explanation of proposed solution (new policy, process, procedure, or education to address the problem/deficit).
Rationale for selecting proposed solution.
Evidence from your review of literature in Topic 2 to support your proposed solution and reason for change.
Description of implementation logistics (When and how will the change be integrated into the current organizational structure, culture, and workflow? Who will be responsible for initiating the change, educating staff, and overseeing the implementation process?)
Resources required for implementation: Staff; Educational Materials (pamphlets, handouts, posters, and PowerPoint presentations); Assessment Tools (questionnaires, surveys, pre- and post-tests to assess knowledge of participants at baseline and after intervention); Technology (technology or software needs); Funds (cost of educating staff, printing or producing educational materials, gathering and analyzing data before, during, and following implementation), and staff to initiate, oversee, and evaluate change.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Implementation Plan
1.0 Method of obtaining necessary approval and securing support
In essence, for this project to be succeed, support from the key stakeholders including the administration, managers and colleagues at Duke Hospital & Health Center is of great importance. These key stakeholders are important since they have to approve and/or support the project for it to be executed. Together with children patients suffering from Addison’s disease and their parents, the physicians, Registered Nurses (RNs), nurse assistants and the management of the healthcare organization comprise the audiences of this project. Support would be obtained from these key contributors by making clear to them the basis and justification for the proposed solution, as well as the reasons why the proposed change is vital and needed in the health care organization.
The hospital’s managers and leadership, as well as physicians, RNs and assistants would be informed about the value of the change and the way that Duke Hospital & Health Center is going to benefit in consequence of the change. It is of note that the nursing process used in diagnosing and treating patients with Addison’s disease at the hospital has to be reviewed as this will produce results that could be assessed to bring about positive outcomes that will help get rid of the entire condition. The formation of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) models will help the RNs gain a better understanding of Addison’s disease and recognize how to reduce the continuous stubbornness of the problem (White, 2009). Moreover, engaging the elements of a comprehensive training of RNs will allow them to have an intensive and extensive approach to Addison’s disease. This proposed solution will reduce occurrences of death and/or insanity of the children patients with Addison’s disease since they will be able to contain their stress and depression. Since deaths of children at the hands of the RNs will reduce, the emotional suffering of RNs will also reduce. Besides enlightening the management, RNs, physicians and other healthcare workers of Duke Hospital & Health Center about the potential benefit of the proposed change, they will also be encouraged to express any of their concerns or worries in relation to the proposed change, and these would be addressed in a satisfactory, unequivocal and explicit manner.
Essentially, there would be less likelihood of resistance to the proposed solution when all their concerns regarding the proposed solution are clearly and sufficiently addressed. They are also likely to approve and support it when they are amply involved and consulted, and when they are well informed about the justification for the change (Holcomb, 2006). Consulting and involving all the key stakeholders during the project would actually ensure that they all have the feeling of involvement and ownership of the project. This is crucial since it will increase the likelihood of them being receptive to the proposed the change.
2.0 Description of current problem
The current problem entails how children patients with Addison’s disease are treated. In Addison’s disease, WebMD (2014) stated that the adrenal glands do not produce adequate of cortisone hormone, or less often, aldosterone hormone; hence, it is at times called hypocortisolism or chronic adrenal insufficiency. At my health care organization, which is Duke’s Children Hospital & Health Center, Addison’s disease is one of the very complicated illnesses that Registered Nurses try to treat. An effective solution needs to be developed that would assist with suppressing the complications of this disease to children patients at the health care organization. An Addisonian crisis is one of the most complicated conditions of Addison’s disease and it usually arises whenever the supply of hormones becomes dangerously low, and it crops up when the body of the victim in under intense stress (WebMD, 2014). Nearly all of the strenuous scenarios are experienced after a patient undergoes a surgical operation. Stress impacts adrenal glands to produce more adrenaline to help patient in coping up, but Addison’s disease patients cannot effectively cope up with the added stress. The impacts of the problem are diverse and a patient with this disease can die of heart attack if they are not able to control the stress (Ross et al., 2014).
As RNs, we often suffer emotionally whenever children affected by Addison’s disease die under our care when they are not able to cope up with depression. The stubbornness of this disease questions the quality of care that Registered Nurses deliver to the children patients at Duke Hospital & Health Center. Some relatives of the patients openly condemn us whenever a patient experiences occurrences of insanity or even death. It is worth noting that the impact of the disorder on patient outcomes is diverse given that some patients may either become insane or die, since some of the children are not able to contain depression. In addition, the condition can further complicate the body to cause hormonal imbalance that necessitates homeostatic regulation to bring them to equilibrium (Holcomb, 2006).
3.0 Detailed description of proposed solution
The proposed solution encompasses several methods. One of them is to review the nursing process being used presently in diagnosing and treating patients with Addison’s disease. This will be geared to produce results that could be evaluated to bring outcomes that ensure the entire condition gets eliminated. The proposed solution also requires formation of EBP models that basically try to figure out the underlying reason for the continuous stubbornness of this disorder. Moreover, the proposed solution engages the elements of a comprehensive training of RNs at Duke Hospital & Health Centre to have an extensive and intensive approach to the problem. Nonetheless, this proposed solution does not omit the traditional models of dealing with the problem of substituting the hormones that adrenal glands are producing. Even though Cortisol is replaced orally with hydrocortisone tablets, we as RNs ought to find ways in which it would be administered through injection in order to enhance faster absorption of the drug into the blood system.
The rationale for selecting the proposed solution is that it will allow the RNs at Duke Hospital & Health Center to provide the children patients suffering from Addison’s disease with the best possible and optimal treatment that will reduce the stubbornness of this disorder and help the patients control stress. More importantly, the proposed solution will facilitate better management of the disease and thereby help in reducing the incidences of insanity and death as a result of Addison’s disease.
4.0 Evidence from literature
Ross et al. (2014) noted that Addison’s disease in known to crop up whenever the adrenal gland is not able to produce its contents in an effective manner. It is of note that the proposed solution entails formation of Evidence-Based Practice models aimed at gaining an understanding of the underlying reason for the continuous stubbornness of Addison’s disease. EBP is understood as the judicious, explicit, conscientious usage of existing best evidence in making decisions regarding the care of individual patients (White, 2009). In essence, the practice of evidence-based medicine implies incorporating individual clinical expertise with the finest available external clinical evidence from systematic research. White (2009) stated that EBP is a very helpful approach to enhancing the impact of practice in the management of Addison’s disease, adding that nurses in the care of Addison’s disease patients should always direct significant attention to evidence. They should honor the many dissimilar types of evidence. Those who advocate the use of EBP in the management of Addison’s disease emphasize on the findings of major experimental comparisons in documenting the effectiveness of treatment against untreated control groups, against other treatment, or both. They do this given that properly conceptualized and completed experiments – randomly controlled trials – are great way of showing that a treatment resulted in a specific alter (Brandão Neto & Carvalho, 2014).
The proposed solution also engages the elements of an all-inclusive training of Registered Nurses in the health care organization to have both an extensive and intensive approach to the problem. According to White (2009), nurses should be provided with a comprehensive training that will allow them to deliver both family-centered and patient-focused treatment of Addison’s disease. This comprehensive training will ensure that RNs never lose their sight of the fact that Children with Addison’s disease, are primarily individuals, and not just patients. As such, the patient’s family has to be included at each stage of the treatment process (WebMD, 2014).
5.0 Implementation logistics
The hospital’s administration would integrate the change into the existing structure, workflow and culture of the organization using several ways. The first one entails putting in place principles and standards that would incorporate the change into the existing organizational culture, workflow and structure. The other way is using enticements such as financial rewards that are aimed at encouraging RNs and other health care workers to be amenable and open to the change. Another equally important way is using punitive measures whereby the health care personnel would be compelled to accept the change, and those who try to resist the change are actually demoted or sacked. Two influential people, a Charge Nurse and a Nurse Manager would be responsible for initiating the change process, educating all registered nurses, in addition to supervising the process of implementation. The Charge Nurse would initiate the change process and develop a shared vision for Duke Hospital & Health Center, whereas the Nurse Manager will supervise the process of implementation to make sure that it is conducted effectively.
6.0 Resources required for implementation
Several resources are needed. (i) Human resources – Duke Hospital & Health Center’s workers such as RNs, nurse assistants and physicians would be included in implementing the change process. (ii) Tools for assessment would be required comprising questionnaires, surveys, pretests as well as post-tests. (iii) Educational materials – pamphlets, booklets, posters, and brochures would be required. Computers would also be utilized to create PowerPoint presentations. (iv) Funds – the budget for the project is $61,918 bearing in mind both the project’s scope and size
7.0 References
Brandão Neto, R., & Carvalho, J. (2014). Diagnosis and classification of Addison’s disease (autoimmune adrenalitis). Autoimmunity Reviews, 13(4/5), 408-411. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.025
Holcomb, S. S. (2006). Hospital Nursing: Do the Clues Add Up to Addison’s Disease? Nursing, 36(3): 64
Ross, I., Dandara, C., Swart, M., Lacerda, M., Schatz, D., & Blom, D. (2014). 9β Polymorphism of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene Appears to Have Limited Impact in Patients with Addison’s Disease. Plos ONE, 9(1), 1-6. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086350
For the month of August, 12 new cases of tuberculosis and 12 new cases of West Nile virus infection were reported to a county health department. You are not sure if either group of cases is a cluster or an outbreak.
What additional information might be helpful in making this determination? Why? How would you obtain this information?
SAMPLE ANSWER
Week 4 discussion
Quick response is vital in case of any outbreak of diseases. Health departments and other agencies have the duty to act swiftly to contain these clusters or outbreaks. For instance, in this case where a country’s health department reported 12 new cases of tuberculosis and West Nile virus infections, it becomes critical to collect information quickly to determine whether it is a cluster or an outbreak for immediate action. The author deliberates on additional information required to make determination as well as reasons why and the process of obtaining information in such instances as tuberculosis and West Nile virus outbreaks.
To determine whether these cases are a cluster or an outbreak, it requires adequate information. Information pertaining to these cases will include the rate of occurrence of the diseases, the community or region affected and the frequency of the illness among many others. Outbreak occurs when the number of victims is more than the expected cases (Sterhr-Green, Paul, Voetsch & MacDonald, 2010).
This information is required because it helps to determine the number of people that are affected and in adopting appropriate strategies to counter the same (CIFOR, 2010). A cluster and an outbreak requires different strategies to contain further spread of the disease and therefore being armed with this vital information is essential to approaching the challenge amicably.
Obtaining this information is yet another important aspect in seeking to determine whether the case above is a cluster or an outbreak. One way of obtaining information is partnering with the health agency to come up with appropriate ways to get information on the ground (UIC, 2005). It is also important to partner with the community members and other leaders to help in establishing the causes and the time of the outbreak among other information. Information will also be obtained through interviews and administration of questionnaires with the victims and their close family members.
The writer has to be very concise when he compose this papers as the complain with most of my papers has been that the are not concise, and also the writer has to focus on the main points and elaborate on them clearly using concrete examples to support the facts. In this paper, they are four main points to discuss , the writer must clearly discuss them and use examples to support the facts.
Personal Branding
The concept of branding is often applied to large corporations such as Pepsi-Cola, Nike, Starbucks, or Toyota. Brands communicate powerful associations to the external stakeholders and hence organizations spend millions of dollars enhancing the equity of their brands.
Some individuals take the idea of branding a step further, extending it to people as well. Consider Tiger Woods, Martha Stewart, or Emeril as prime examples of this personal branding philosophy. Tom Peters, a famous management guru, wrote a seminal article called “The Brand Called You” (Peters, 1997) urging individual professionals to think of themselves as brands and to stand out in the competitive marketplace by differentiating themselves.
The key to long-run success, Peters suggested, is to brand oneself effectively. Companies like Estee Lauder offer an in-house personal branding course. On the other hand, others believe that most individuals are not equipped to become brands because they lack the necessary qualities.
After reviewing the resources below, respond in 2 pages word documents minimum to the following:
• Why is branding important to an organization?
• Should the personal brand concept become a part of the DNA of 21st century professionals? If so, what steps must a person work through to develop an effective personal brand? If not, what are your reasons for thinking so?
• Compare how the process of branding an individual would be similar to branding a product. How would it differ?
• Defend your answer with specific examples
Resources:
Course Text
• Marketing Management
o Chapter 9, “Creating Brand Equity”
This chapter introduces the topic of strategic brand management and how it is used to build, measure, and manage brands to maximize their value.
Chapter 10, “Crafting the Brand Positioning”
This chapter summarizes how companies can effectively position a brand to best reach the target market by using brand differentiation and constant revisions to stay current.
• Articles
• Burnett, J., & Hutton, R. (2007). New consumers need new brands. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 16(5), 342–347. Retrieved from ProQuest Central database.
In this article, the authors propose that there are a considerable number of research studies on branding for products, but that very little exists for the process of branding services. They present a conceptual overview of how this type of branding can be developed.
• Cayla, J., & Arnould, E. (2008). A cultural approach to branding in the global marketplace. Journal of International Marketing, 16(4), 86–112. Retrieved from Business Source Premier database.
This paper outlines some of the challenges that future market managers will face in balancing a global, ethnocentric branding approach with the cultural, historical, polycentric, and symbolic significance of a brand.
One of the new focuses of branding that businesses need to understand is that of personal branding, and the author of this paper introduces this concept.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Personal Branding
Personal branding is a recent invention whereas the trend of people labeling themselves based on status and character is as old as individual relations. One’s personal brand is that dominant, vivid, positive thought that comes to the brain whenever one is thought of, such as the principles, abilities, and dealings that others relate one with. It is designed for the reason of influencing how others perceive one, and turning that view into prospect. For effective personal branding, one’s personal brand should induce the perception that one is different, superior and authentic relative to others already in the market (Burnett & Hutton, 2007). This implies that personal branding is a promise to the customers on what they should expect, for example, it’s an assurance that makes the buyer trust, “By buying this, I will be getting that.” This paper will, with the use of examples, explain the importance of branding, justify why personal branding should become an essential item of the DNA of the 21st century and finally compare and contrast personal branding and product branding.
Personal branding is of much benefit in marketing management. It works for all regardless of circumstances and conditions since all businesses are based on associations. Some of the benefits are that it creates more right kind of clients, it increases earning ability, ensures consistent business flow. It also draws many beneficial people that can benefit an individual, for example, Secretary of State Colin Powell’s straightforward and decent, and leadership won many in 1996. It enables one to get “Top-of-mind” class (Redsang, Peter, & Sanfranc, 2012). Personal branding increases credibility, creates opportunity for one to exercise leadership role, such as Federal Reserve Chairman Alan Greenspan could sustain up Wall Street with very few well-chosen terms. It gets one to achieve desired goals by enhancing prestige since it adds financial value to an individual (Burnett & Hutton, 2007). Additionally, it brings greater recognition of one while within his associates with a trend. These suggest that personal branding is important.
However, there are steps that must be considered during personal branding. These include transforming individual reflection into a personal brand that creates business prospect by taking an active control of the process and cutting and polishing ones brand so that everyone who gets in touch with it forms a similar fundamental set of expressions in their mind when they hear your name (Keller, 1993). Building a brand requires understanding, endurance and perseverance, failure of which results into loses. For example, some Internet firms misused millions on Super Bowl as they thought branding take place overnight (Margaret, 2002). Generally, brands take time to expand, for example, Oprah Winfrey spent time performing, carrying out talk shows and laboring to aid women before becoming universally-famous (Peters & Jeremie, 2027). Secondly, brands undergo organic growth as the best brands increase at the grassroots level since it is enhanced by strong communication, a sense of commitment. And finally, brands are not rational and demand consistency and clarity. For example, in 2001, K-Mart filed for insolvency in a budget that left buyers and sellers in upset state (Keller, 1993). Another aspect of personal branding is the fact that it is already element of individual interaction and is everywhere. Personal branding is in use by celebrities such as Stephen Covey, Meg Ryan, Charles Schwab and Joe Montana, as they try to turn their names into industries.
At the moment, judgments can be made about people with only little information at hand. For example by meeting casually meeting someone, you may get to know certain information about his education, his manners and characters. This is because his individual image has been encountered, as revealed by the DNA of his individual manner (Margaret, 2002). Therefore, personal branding is an organic and natural part of human culture, though the difference today is that we have learnt how to detect how others perceive us (Cayla & Arnould, 2008). This therefore necessitates personal brand concept to become a core element of the DNA of 21st century professionals.
In conclusion, following the importance and illustrations hinted on above, personal branding concept should become part of the DNA of the 21st century professionals. Product branding is in most aspects similar to personal branding, however, while the latter is a natural aspect of human beings, the former is not natural as it has to be done physically.
References
Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing 57(1), 1-22.
Margaret, C. C. (2002). Building brand equity. International journal of Medical Marketing Journal, 2(3), 1-16.
Burnett, J. & Hutton, R. (2007). New consumers need new brands. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 16(5), 342-347.
Cayla, J. & Arnould, E. (2008). A cultural approach to branding in the global marketplace. Journal of International Marketing, 16(4), 86-112.
Peters, T. & Jeremie, K. (2027). The brand called you. Fast company. International Journal of Medical Marketing, 3(1), 234-239.
Redsang, T, Peter, J. & Sanfranc, K. (2012). Impact of personal brand in the world market. Journal of International Marketing, 45(4), 23-87.
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Analyze Overstock.coms strategic choices at the corporate level, to include how these strategies follow Porter’s generic strategies. Are they in sync?
Which of the four quadrants of the ‘Grand Strategy Selection Matrix does Overstock.com fit in, and why?
SAMPLE ANSWER
Introduction
O.co is the popular initials of Overstock com Inc, the American Company that operates online businesses that are based in and also outside the US. Its head office is located in Cottonwood heights, Utah near the Salt Lake City.
Michael Porter’s (1996) generic strategies eventually narrow to the two major headings between the cost advantage and the product differentiation strategies. Overstock Company applies the cost advantage in its corporate strategy level to market its products on its online business segment whose cost leadership advantage has earned its differentiated status as a cost efficient and effective products distributor as it strives to be the most economical or the lowest cost provider in the entire business to most customer segments. It was initially known as the D2- Discounts Direct before it rebranded itself to Overstock.Com. It sells all types of domestic equipments, appliances, furniture, jewelry, computers, magazines, DVDs, apparels among other requirements. It offers various discounts on brand names and also non branded products. Overstock operates a large online retailer that primarily supplies the American market with literally anything they would like to purchase including vehicles. It also operates a World stock Fair Trade shows that offers its clients a variety of handcrafted products. The characteristics of Overstock are in sync with porter’s arguments.
Overstock Company has the characteristics displayed in Quadrant 1 below where strong and very competitive companies flourish in markets that are rapidly growing. Overstock strategic position in online sales places it in a strategic market where its products have a wide global market and its development strategy has an excellent opportunity. The company can expand and develop its market in all directions, horizontally, forward or even backwards. Being a company that sells multiple products, its marketing strategy is to offer products that attract more clients because of their discounts and low pricing policies which aid it to penetrate the market. (Porter, 1996)
Weak Competitive
Strong Competitive
1.
Companies in Rapid
Companies In
2. markets
growth Market
with Rapid Growth
1
Market Dev
Market Dev
2
Market Penetration
Market Penetration
3
Product Dev
Product Dev
4
Horizontal Integration
Horizontal Integration
5
Divestiture Liquidation
Related diversification
6
Forward integration
Weak Competitive
Strong Competitive
3.
Companies In markets
4. Companies In Mkt
that have slow Growth
with Slow Growth
1
Retrenchment
Joint venture
2
Related Diversification
Related Diversification
3
Unrelated diversification
Unrelated diversification
4
Liquidation
5
Divestiture Liquidation
Overstock sells its products mostly at the industry’s average prices or at times lower to increase its market share and it subsidizes its costs by applying the economies of scale, outsourcing, process efficiencies and its experience on the curve effect. Its major aim is to achieve a low- cost distribution network that’s relatively economical than its rivals and it’s the main focus of the firm’s strategy. (Hayes, Pisano, Upton and Wheelwright, 2005)
Porter (1996) argues that by utilizing the value chain and the value system and also the linkages a company can improve its efficiency significantly while exploiting the sources of competitive efficiency and other value added strategies.
Reference
Hayes, Pisano, Upton and Wheelwright (2005) Pursuing the Competitive Edge; New York, Wiley and Sons, page 264.
Porter, M.E. (1996) What is Strategy? Harvard Business Review, Boston pp 61-78 Vol.74, No.6 November-December.
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Most of the internal threats in the organization are as result of errors and poor corporate practices by the employees. For instance, internal threats of the organization include both intentional and accidental problems such as fraud, mishandling of information by employees, errors due to lack of competence. Security of the organizations database may fail victim of the human error. External threats may include both external and external accidents. For instance, the modern computer systems with some components residing on the public internet pose risks. As such, a chain of occurrences such as a storm cutting out power to a server may affect the IT database. Other threats take the form of competition, political, economic, and social factors (Dragnić, 2014).
Methods to Detect Internal and External Threats to the Organization
The value chain and SWOT analysis are tools for detecting the internal threats of the organization while the PESTEL, Porter’s five forces analysis tools are useful in detecting the external threats of the organization (Dragnić, 2014).
Methods to Protect the Organization from Internal and External Threats
The organization can adopt the more sophisticated technologies to safeguard information. Regular audits are necessary to ensure that finances are being utilized appropriately. Monitoring and evaluation of programs is effective in addressing effectiveness (Menguc et al., 2010). Strategic planning and management ensures that the company stays on top of the competition.
Proactive Plan of Environmental Scanning to Evaluate any Existing Threats to AGC
The first step will entail gathering information about the externalities i.e economy, laws, demographic, and government factors. Next, AGC will need to focus on its competitors in terms of trends, threats, and opportunities that might impact its business. The other step will entail conducting an internal scan of the AGC in terms of strengths and weaknesses. Data should be collected through a series of methods such as focus groups, publications, library, leaders, and media. After collecting the data, analysis will be undertaken to identify changes that require to be made (Menguc et al., 2010).
The Purpose of a Code of Conduct
The code of ethics is a guide and reference for employees in undertaking the plans of AGC in achieving its goals. It protects the company and informs workers of their expectations. The code will help AGC to develop and maintain the standard of conduct for its employees, customers, vendors, and suppliers/partners (Dragnić, 2014).
Challenges of Virtual Offices
Virtual offices present several challenges including unproductively and communication problems (Menguc et al., 2010). However, these challenges can be overcome through a robust IT system that supports remote environment.
The Role of Human Capital Managers
The role of the HR is changing from the previously considered support function to a more strategic partner in helping companies achieve their goals. The HR managers at AGC will help in enhancing the employees’ contribution towards achieving success and competitive advantage (Menguc et al., 2010).
References
Dragnić, D. (2014). Impact of Internal and External Factors on the Performance of Fast-Growing Small and Meduim Businesses. Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 19(1), 119-159.
Menguc, B., Auh, S., & Ozanne, L. (2010). The Interactive Effect of Internal and External Factors on a Proactive Environmental Strategy and its Influence on a Firm’s Performance. Journal Of Business Ethics,94(2), 279-298. doi:10.1007/s10551-009-0264-0
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