Climate change denial of the American Petroleum Institution
Climate change denial of the American Petroleum Institution
Examine the promotion of climate change denial of the American Petroleum Institution
I need a research paper about how the “American Petroleum Institution” examines the promotion of climate change denial.
Also, using the Potter Box method; which is definition, loyalties, values, and principles.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
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Formal academic paper with introduction, thesis and conclusion at least 1 outside source, more is better
Textbook – Lewicki, Roy J., Saunders, David M., and Barry, Bruce. 2010. Essentials of Negotiation. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Provide a summary and critique of the above article.
Approximately 1/3 of the paper should be a summary
2/3 of the paper should offer a scholarly critique
For a scholarly critique, you can illustrate both the strengths and weaknesses of the article. You should also connect the work to course materials and other ideas that you have encountered in conflict resolution. You can use your insights as a scholar, but you should also use other scholarly sources(at least 1) to offer insights regarding the article’s strengths and weaknesses. (For instance, other theories that contradict or add to what they are saying, other related aspects of negotiation that the author did not consider, strengths or weaknesses in their research methods or sources, insightful or problematic analyses that they made, and so on.)
The aim of the critique is to critically analyze the article, however, that does not mean to criticize based solely on your own personal and unsubstantiated opinion. Rather you must aim to be objective in your analysis by looking at both the strengths and weaknesses of an article compared against a number of criteria.
The best critique would look at the article from several different perspectives
You should question the premise and underlying assumptions of the article and the authors reasons for writing it, who published it and its overall scholarly merit.
Negotiation Article Critique
Article – Peacebuilding in the Era of Trump: Deal or No Deal?
APA format
4 pages
Formal academic paper with introduction, thesis and conclusion at least 1 outside source, more is better
Textbook – Lewicki, Roy J., Saunders, David M., and Barry, Bruce. 2010. Essentials of Negotiation. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Provide a summary and critique of the above article.
Approximately 1/3 of the paper should be a summary
2/3 of the paper should offer a scholarly critique
For a scholarly critique, you can illustrate both the strengths and weaknesses of the article. You should also connect the work to course materials and other ideas that you have encountered in conflict resolution. You can use your insights as a scholar, but you should also use other scholarly sources(at least 1) to offer insights regarding the articles strengths and weaknesses. (For instance, other theories that contradict or add to what they are saying, other related aspects of negotiation that the author did not consider, strengths or weaknesses in their research methods or sources, insightful or problematic analyses that they made, and so on.)
The aim of the critique is to critically-analyze the article, however that does not mean to criticize based solely on your own personal and unsubstantiated opinion. Rather you must aim to be objective in your analysis by looking at both the strengths and weaknesses of an article compared against a number of criteria.
The best critique would look at the article from several different perspectives
You should question the premise and underlying assumptions of the article and the authors reasons for writing it, who published it and its overall scholarly merit.
Use these questions as your guide in the critique
– What was the major purpose or theme or premise the author was trying to convey in this writing
– On what evidence did the author base their points? [citing facts from several cases to support a major point is one method]
– What logical argument did they use to go from evidence to conclusion? [conclusions must logically follow form the analysis]
– What might the authors motivation be for writing the article?What is their unique or different perspective when compared with others writing on this topic?
– Are the authors arguments backed-up by facts, figures, and quotes from reputable sources? [Wikipedia is not. how do we know a journal is reputable? Double-blind peer reviewed]
– What is the authors professional background and what is their institutional affiliation? [are they legitimate authority on the topic they are writing about?]
No easy, single definition captures the range of activities encompassed within the discipline of peacebuilding (Cunliffe 2017). But from what we know about President Donald Trump’s past, it seems fair to assume that the job title “peacebuilder” – whichever definition one chooses – has never before featured on his résumé. But today, the world finds itself confronting the reality that the most powerful position in the world is occupied by a person whose career is replete with litigation and conflict, and who has displayed limited knowledge of historical peace efforts and an outright disdain toward those institutions established to preserve peace.
Such deficiencies could, in theory, be overcome. Indeed, simply drawing from a plethora of general business literature would suggest the following: surround yourself with experts, get to know your customers, understand their pain, and be prepared to fail quickly and learn. In his first eighteen months in office, however, Trump has displayed a resistance to listening to anyone except himself to guide him in sensitive diplomatic situations. Indeed, this dogmatic style of negotiation is exactly what his supporters had hoped Trump would bring to the presidency.
But how will Trump’s negotiation style influence peacebuilders of the future? Could his antagonistic and bombastic approach to negotiation actually bring peace to intractable conflicts around the world where others have failed? And how might the era of Trump influence our approach to peacebuilding going forward?
Although Trump seems for the most part unconstrained by any particular political or humanitarian ideology, preferring instead to rely on his visceral and chameleon-like instincts to construct a positive image of himself, he does follow a loose set of rules that he has described as his key to success, as laid out in his book Trump: The Art of the Deal (1987). In this self-congratulatory business manual, Trump applied thick layers of his favored “truthful hyperbole” to recommend ten business practices that, he claimed, built his financial fortune and fame. Once the reader wades through the commentary that seems only to prove Trump talks incessantly on the telephone, chapter two reveals Trump’s golden rules of negotiation, summarized as: think big, protect the downside and the upside will take care of itself, maximize your options, use your leverage, enhance your location, get the word out, fight back, deliver the goods, contain the costs, and finally, in all of this effort, have fun (Trump 1987: 45-64). Eerily, we now read these rules with new eyes, as we see how they have been applied to running the administration and have thus affected the world, where Trump’s success and subsequent sense of self-worth appear inextricably linked to the protectionist economy of the United States and its new status as a nationalistic and isolated actor in a seemingly hostile and unfair world.
If Trump lives by a set of rules of negotiation for his personal success, then perhaps, by comparison, so do peacebuilders. Both sets of rules arise from unique lived experiences that have deeply shaped their form and purpose. In “The Emerging Tool Chest for Peacebuilders,” Chadwick Alger (1996: 21) laid out his “inventory of the available instruments for pursuing peace.” He described each tool for peace, twenty-two in total, chronologically and explained how each builds upon the other. Whereas Trump’s list arose from a relatively narrow range of individual experiences gleaned largely from within one industry, Alger’s peace tools reflect his consideration of some of humanity’s worst conflicts and atrocities.
As Alger’s article illustrates, great peacebuilders, motivated to prevent these events from ever happening again, have created charters, enacted international laws, and built such institutions as the United Nations to maintain a unified collaborative approach for maintaining and promoting peace around the world through such mechanisms as the U.N.’s Economic and Social Council and Security Council, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and, more recently, the Sustainable Development Goals. These entities reflect the universal collective goals – peace, fairness, equality, justice – of their founders.
Trump’s attempts at playing the peacebuilder range from the pragmatic (at best) to the divisive and incendiary. From his recently espoused “one state/two states; whatever works for you” approach to the Israel/Palestine conflict, which he has also characterized as simply “a real estate deal” (Liebermann 2018), to his inability to explicitly condemn the right-wing extremists who marched in Charlottesville, Virginia in 2017, Trump is, perhaps unwittingly, flouting the established conventions of peacebuilding. Thankfully, he is apparently personally untouched by first-hand experience of violent conflict – and with his lack of experience, and overt admiration for despots and dictators, it appears that his approach to peacebuilding echoes his simplistic business mantra: think big, fight hard, keep pushing until you get what you want, have fun, and look good while doing it. Indeed, never before has the United States commander in chief been referred to so openly as “disruptor in chief” (Sieb 2017; Wade 2018). In stark contrast, effective peacebuilding work, as Rachel Cunliffe wrote (2016: 93), “depends on effective practitioners who know their own biases and assumptions and who are critical of the structures within which they work and that they seek to deconstruct and confront, and which too frequently hold them in place.”
Perhaps Trump and his principles and practice represent the latest cycle in the history of humanity’s low points. We can only hope that Trump’s greatest deal will be to catalyze peacebuilders to rise, strengthen, and create new tools for promoting peace, spurring us all to work toward a greater good in the world.
The following is a Summary of the Chapters in the text needed to complete the assignment
CHAPTER 1: Nature of Negotiation
Definition and Overview (should not be in the map): Negotiation is an activity, usually in form of a dialogue with the aim of resolving differences in interests between or among existing parties.
Negotiation is what we do in works of life ranging from domestic, business, social and political relationships. Strong negotiations skills will enhance your chances of succeeding in your relationships
Its purpose is to enable individual parties reach an agreement that is acceptable to them.
N1 – Characteristics of negotiation
1) Involves two or more parties: a) individuals, b) Groups, c) Organizations, etc
2) Conflict of needs and desires – parties have disagreed on a common interest
3) Parties choose to negotiate or not – subject to the likelihood of getting a better deal
4) A “give and/or take scenario exists – either party is ready to make a sacrifice for a reward
5) Parties prefer to resolve differences
6) Existence of negotiating factors
a. Tangible factors – crucial and would be managed (price, terms of agreement)
b. Intangible factors – underlying psychological motivations that could influence outcome negotiations
i. Need to win the other party
ii. Need to look good, competent and tough
iii. Need to defend an important principle – eg moral, social beliefs
iv. Need to appear fair and honourable
N2 – When not to negotiate… Do not negotiate when,
1) You could lose everything
2) You are sold out – running out of capacity in business
3) Demands are unethical (avoid the wrath of the law)
4) You don’t have time (time constraints exist)
5) Your counterparty acts in bad faith (you can’t trust the other party)
6) Waiting would improve your position (delays might make you benefit from technological or policy changes)
7) You are not prepared (adequate preparation pays in negotiations)
N3 – Interdependence of goals (needing each other to achieve the desired outcome. Interdependence occurs in three conditions
1) Distributive (mutually exclusive with only one winner) now loosing prominence
2) Integrative situation (mutually inclusive as in a “Win-Win” negotiation) focus is now centered on this as a plausible goal of negotiations: eg a singer and an instrumentalist can make a great music band
3) Existence of BATNA (Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement) – refers to the state, manner and extent of interdependence between parties
N4 – Common Differences in Negotiators (they impact the negotiators attitude)
1) Interests – objectives or goals may be in disagreement
2) Judgment about the future (general understanding of opportunities around)
3) Risk tolerance – while one party may love risks, the other may not
4) Time preferences – desired time to seal the deal or receive consideration may differ
N5 – Conflict in Negotiations (conflict is a perceived divergence of interest) we look at conflict under the following heads
1) Levels of conflict
a. Intrapersonal or intrapsychic – lies within an individual in form of ideas, thoughts, emotions, values etc
b. Interpersonal – between individuals (workers, spouses, siblings)
c. Intragroup – within a group. Eg; team – like Group one, family, organizations, political parties
d. Intergroup – between groups, organizations etc
2) Demerits of Conflicts
a. Breeds unhealthy competition
b. Distorts perception
c. Breeds emotionality – could arouse anger of pity
d. Reduces quality of communication
e. Likelihood of rigid commitments
f. Increases level of differences
3) Conflict Management Strategies– these are coordinated measures and efforts directed at minimizing or resolving differences in a negotiation
a. Contending – having little concern for the other party
b. Yielding – caring less about own objectives or outcomes
c. Inaction – indifference about whose goals are paramount
d. Problem solving – aimed at maximizing overall outcomes in a negotiation
e. Compromising – Moderate efforts towards ensuring neither party loses
Chapter 2_Strategy and Tactics of Distributive Bargaining
Distributive bargaining is used to describe a competitive situation. It is also known as a “win-lose” bargaining.
Here, the goals of one party is often fundamental and directly conflicts with the goals of the other party
Reasons why a negotiator should be familiar with distributive bargaining
a. They face interdependent situations
b. Distributive bargaining strategies are often used by people
c. Crucial for the “claiming value” stage of a negotiation
Fundamental choices in negotiations
a. Reach a deal with the other party
b. Reach no agreement at all
Important considerations in negotiations
• Determine a settlement point
• Have a bargaining mix
• Discover the other party’s resistance point
• Influence the other party’s resistance point
Tactical tasks in negotiation
1. Assess the other party’s target, resistance point, cost of terminating negotiations through;
a. Indirect assessments
b. Direct assessments
2. Manage the other party’s impressions through;
a. Screening activities
b. Direct action to alter impressions
3. Modify the other party’s perceptions
4. Manipulate the actual costs of delay or termination through;
a. Disruptive action
b. Alliance with outsiders
c. Schedule manipulation
Positions taken during negotiations
a. Opening offers
b. Opening stance
c. Initial concessions
d. Role of concessions
e. Pattern of concession making
f. Final offers
Closing the deal
a. Provide alternatives
b. Assume the close
c. Split the difference
d. Exploding offers
e. Sweeteners
Hardball tactics: designed to force the other party to do what he/she would not have done under normal conditions
Dealing with hardball tactics
a. Ignore them
b. Discuss them
c. Respond in kind
d. Co-Opt the other party
Typical hardball tactics
a. Good cop/bad cop
b. Lowball/highball
c. Bogey
d. The Nibble
e. Chicken
f. Intimidation
g. Aggressive behavior
h. Snow job
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Ambiguity and Irony in “The Friends of the Friends”
Ambiguity and Irony in “The Friends of the Friends”
How Henry James Use of Ambiguity and Irony in “The Friends of the Friends” enhances the story
Shortly before Spring Break, you will submit an essay of 1,700-1,900 words. Select and read one of the following stories in Ghost Stories of Henry James: “Sir Edmund Orme,” “The Friend of the Friends,” “The Real Right Thing,” or “The Third Person.” Then, using the essays by Patrick Brantlinger and Edmund Wilson as support, construct an argument in which you analyze James’ ability to innovate within the conventions of the ghost story you have selected. In other words, how is James able to challenge his readers and their expectations through his use of the genre of the ghost story? For example, you might focus on James’ use of ambiguity or irony or self-reference. Be as specific as possible. You will need to offer evidence from the story and essays, including several quotations from relevant passages, in order to prove your claim. A successful essay will begin with a thesis statement that explains how James’ innovation within the form of the ghost story works or plays out. There will be a draft workshop for this assignment on February 28. The assignment is due March 5.
Please note that your essays must be submitted in 12-point Times New Roman font, double-spaced, and with 1- or 1.25-inch margins, etc. Late papers will be lowered by 1/3 letter grade for each calendar day they are overdue.
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STEP 1: Pick one of the disorders you read about in this module and learn more about it in order to make a “At-a-Glance” poster with details and visuals about the disorder. Visit the National Institute of Mental Health and search for the disorder, read through the information, then scroll to the section on “Research and Statistics” or “Journal Articles or Reports” to find helpful links to outside information. Look elsewhere as well for details about the prevalence, signs, symptoms, details, and research related to the disorder. Keep track of all of your sources as you investigate. Think about why this particular condition might be a considered a disorder. Do you agree with the criteria used for considering this a disorder?
STEP 2: In a format of your choosing (Microsoft Word, PowerPoint, Canva, Infogr.am, Photoshop, Google Doc, etc.), create a 1-page “At-a-Glance” poster that includes the following information about the disorder written in your own words:
Description
Prevalence
Causes and Risk Factors
Recent Research (referencing at least 2 research articles)
References – Include your references in APA format. For in-text citations (in the body of your poster), cite the author’s name and publication date, i.e., (Thompson, 2018), Your full reference list can be placed either at the bottom of the visual or in the text box of the discussion.
STEP 3: When creating your 1 page “At-a-Glance” poster, be sure to add interesting visuals. In addition, be sure to include the following:
Include in-text citations referencing your research when discussing the disorder
Include a reference page on a separate page in APA format.
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Week 3, Chapter 3
Article Review and Reflection
DUE DATE: Wednesday, March 13
20 Points
Please read the Harvard Business Review article “Better Brainstorming” which is found in this assignment folder.
After reading this article, write a one to two page article review and reflection that addresses the following points:
1. Summarize the main highlights (topics) of the article. (Two to three paragraphs in length)
2. Explain the significance of this article and how the concepts within this article relate to entrepreneurship (One to two paragraphs in length)
3. Reflect on what you read and identify at least two concepts from the article that you either agree or disagree. Explain why you either agree or disagree with the author. (One to two paragraphs in length)
Articles need to be written using either Calibri or Times New Roman font, 11-point size, with 1.5 spacing. Your header should be the following:
Name
ENT 311
Spring 2019
Article review CH 3
Please submit your assignment via Blackboard by Wednesday, March 13. Please let me know if you have any questions about this assignment.
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Research Proposal 1. Introduction
There is a common problem going on in today’s society. Humans are littering, cutting down trees, driving everywhere and simply not taking time to help our Earth. Most people more than likely do not think about how to help our Earth on a daily basis, let alone think about what they are doing to destroy it. I will admit, I do not think about what I can do to help protect and restore our amazing planet every day. I am simply too busy. But, we need to start thinking about what we can do as a society to help bring people together and make our world better and safer.
The topics I listed early were littering, cutting down trees, driving everywhere and not taking time to help our earth are topics I chose to discuss because they are easy to do every day. All of these particulars have been an issue for many years, but they have gotten worse today. A few of the most common littered objects are cigarette butts, straws, and bottles. Another statistic I read a few years ago says that at least 75% who were asked if they have littered in the past 5 years admitted they have. Littering is killing wildlife and trashing our beautiful planet. On top of not littering, we need to be planting trees. As we have been taught since we were young, plants provide oxygen. By chopping trees down, we are hurting ourselves and the wildlife that call trees home. As humans living on Earth, this is our home. We have to protect our home. As for the littering, chopping trees down, putting harmful gasses in to the air and not taking time to volunteer to make our home a better place, we are the problem.
2. Research Questions
What are the long tern effects of littering?
How are cutting down tree’s affecting our health?
Are cars hurting the ozone layer?
3. Discussion
We always see commercials on TV about littering, planting trees and the damage automobiles do to our planet. But, do we ever actually do anything about them? I believe if we conquer these simple ways to protecting our Earth, we could make a difference. Tree’s provide oxygen, which we need to live. Workers are cutting down trees to make room for buildings or to make paper, but do they ever think about replacing the trees they just cut down? I am writing this paper to persuade each and every one to take time to be educated on what we can do together to protect our planet.
4. Bibliography
Aguirre, G. J. (2009). Figure 2f from: Irimia R, Gottschling M (2016) Taxonomic revision of Rochefortia Sw. (Ehretiaceae, Boraginales). Biodiversity Data Journal 4: E7720. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e7720. Why Cutting Down Trees Is Part of the Problem, but Planting Trees Isn’t Always Part of the Solution: How Conceptualizing Forests as Sinks Can Work against Kyoto,11(1), 205-224. doi:10.3897/bdj.4.e7720.figure2f
This article talks about the importance of trees and how they not only produce CO2, but they are also sequestering it while being planted. One fact this article wrote was the trees in North America alone produce more that 4 billion metric tons of CO2 than it sequesters. The United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, the United States alone has roughly 737 million acres of untouched trees. An interesting fact noted in this journal was that the United States houses 17.1 % of the world’s total forests. Although this journal is from 2009, this gives a great idea at how many trees there are and the amount of CO2 they emit. I plan to use this article to show the importance of trees and why we should help protect them for our benefit.
Al-Mosa, Y., Parkinson, J., & Rundle-Thiele, S. (2017). A Socioecological Examination of Observing Littering Behavior. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing,29(3), 235-253. doi:10.1080/10495142.2017.1326354
This article talks about what influences people to litter in Saudi Arabia. The three main factors that were in play were individual, social, and environmental influences. A few basic factors that can play a role in littering are age and gender. Obviously, unless told so, young children are not going to know to throw their trash away in a trash can. More than likely, they are going to throw it on the ground if they don’t see a can. This article mentioned that people were more likely to throw their trash away if the trashcans were conveniently placed. Meaning they were easy to locate. I want to use this article to show some of the psychological reasons people litter.
Bullard, Eric. 2016. “Littering.” Salem Press Encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.memphis.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=119214529&site=eds-live&scope=site.
This is a great article I wanted to include because it gives the basic definition as to what littering is and how it can have a negative consequence for the environment. Litter can include any kind of rubbish that could be potentially hazardous to anything that were to swallow it. One thing this article mentions is the psychological reasons why people litter. A few reasons why people may litter is they could see litter already on the ground and decide it’s ok for them to litter. Another reason that I though was true was that people may not have a sense of ownership or plainly not care that they are littering.
Perrault, E. K., Silk, K. J., Sheff, S,. Ahn, J., Hoffman, A., & Totzkay, D. (2015). Testing the Identifiable Victim Effect With Both Animal and Human Victims in Anti-Littering Messages. Communication Research Reports, 32(4), 294-303. https://doi-org.ezproxy.memphis.edu/10.1080/08824096.2015.1089857
This article is similar to the last article as it will talk about the consequences of littering. I chose this article because it talks about littering as a safety issue, and it costs the United States more than $11.5 billion a year to clean up the litter and trash that is thrown out. I plan to use this article to bring awareness to how much damage littering does.
Handy F, Hustinx L. The why and how of volunteering. Nonprofit Management & Leadership, 19(4), 549-558. https://doi-org.ezproxy.memphis.edu/10.1002/nml.236
I chose this article because I feel it is important to know why we should volunteer. Something this article mentioned was why would people who have jobs and make money want to volunteer where they will not make money. According to this article, social work sees volunteering as part of our daily lives, as it should be.
Green, J. (2019, January 10). Effects of Car Pollutants on the Environment. Retrieved from https://sciencing.com/effects-car-pollutants-environment-23581.html
Cars have long term effects on the environment. Not only are the producing gases, they are also causing acid rain global warming. My goal is to use this article in my paper to explain the importance of global warming and how it effects our daily lives and environment. I also want to explain why cars are so bad for the air.
20 Astonishing Facts About Littering. (2017, January 03). Retrieved from https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/various-littering-facts.php
This next article is from a website. I liked this article because it gave twenty facts about littering that I think we all need to hear. Although I will not use all twenty facts, I will use a few that I feel are important to hear. There are many reasons we should not litter, this article list some reasons such as appearance, which can downgrade a location.
Nunez, C. (2018, December 03). Deforestation and Its Effect on the Planet. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/deforestation/
I chose this article from National Geographic because I know it is a true and credible source of information. The topic of this article is deforestation, which isn’t a word we hear every day. A statistic that this article states that I though was very alarming was that between 1990 and 2016, our planet lost 502,000 square miles of forest. This article also mentions the benefits of trees and what losing them will do to our planet.
The Impact of Ocean Trash. (2018, September 18). Retrieved from https://oceanconservancy.org/blog/2016/09/03/the-impact-of-ocean-trash/
As I talk about littering, I am not only going to talk about littering on land, but also in the ocean. I am passionate about cleaning up our oceans because they are so beautiful and deserve to stay that way. There are many animals that are also suffering due to our lack of cleanliness. I plan to use this article to show the effects of littering in the oceans and how it is destroying our ecosystems.
The Problem & Facts. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.kab.org/cigarette-litter-prevention/problem-and-facts
The last article I have researched for my paper is one that I feel is a common issue that needs to be addressed. Although smoking is bad for our bodies, it is also bad for the environment. There are so many safety hazards that come with cigarette butts, not to mention they are gross. Not only are animals swallowing them, they could potentially start fires if they are not completely extinguished before being thrown out.
5. Major Arguments
Point 1
Littering has become a huge issue over the years, and it will continue to become an even bigger issue. The planet earth is our home, why are we not treating it with the respect it deserves? There are many ways we can reduce the amount of litter. We can use reusable cups, metal straws and cut the plastic around cans. These are only a few examples of how we can save our planet one step at a time. Litter is ultimately affecting everyone.
Point 2
There are more than one way to get to work, home, and the grocery store other than having to use a car. One way is to ride a bike. There are many benefits to riding a bike such as it is great exercise and it does not pollute the environment. Another great way to get around is by Bird scooters. Birding has become very popular in the past year. These scooters are run off of internal batteries, but they do not put toxic gases out into the air.
Point 3
Conserving our planet is an act we need to act upon. There are millions of trees that have been growing for many years all over the planet. From the research I have done, I have found a few credible sources to back up my reason as to why we need to protect our trees.
6. Conclusion
I have chosen a topic that I care about and see as an important ongoing issue. Although there are many items that need to be addressed when it comes to having a healthier environment, I have chosen a few that I deem as easy to face. Simple tasks such as throwing away your trash instead of tossing it on the ground, saving trees, riding bikes or birds instead of driving cars, and simply volunteering are all easy ways to help protect the environment.
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Rater Errors Associated with the Performance Management Systems
Rater Errors Associated with the Performance Management Systems
There are a variety of techniques that can minimize performance rater biases. In your textbook review “Case Study 6-4: Minimizing Biases in Performance Evaluation at Expert Engineering, Inc.” After reviewing the case and considering the course and textbook content in a 4-5 page paper, not including the cover and reference pages, answering questions 1 & 2.
Be sure to support your statements with logic and argument, citing any sources referenced.
Use Saudi Electronic University academic writing standards and APA style guidelines, citing references as appropriate. Your paper should contain concepts from the reading materials. Your paper should also reflect your insight and analysis of both materials and external information to provide an original and thoughtful paper.download the book
Performance Management
Third Edition
Herman Aguinis
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You could write about only ONE of the following topics:
1- How and when did you first realize that you are an entrepreneur at heart? How did this first experience shape your plans and goals for the future—and how has your entrepreneurial dream grown since?
2- What is one way in which you think the world would be a better place if more people were entrepreneurs? How could our society better prepare young people to have the skills and passion to choose an entrepreneurial path in life?
3- What was the biggest failure you ran into when first trying out entrepreneurial projects of your own? How did that experience change the way you approach later projects?
Please only choose ONE of the three topics above
and write about it. Limit is anywhere between
500-1000 words.
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Karl Marx’s theories of political economy and ‘estranged’ (alienated) labor
What are Karl Marx’s theories of political economy and ‘estranged’ (alienated) labor? In other words,
how, in a Marxian sense, does society function? What exactly is a Marxist interpretation of history?
(You absolutely should employ terms such as economic determinism, alienation, division of labor,
class struggle, communism, humanism, etc.) Conversely, how do some of the critical theorists
whose works we read complicate and push back against Marx’s relatively myopic vision of human
agency? (There are many ways to answer this question: Sara Ahmed argues both that one can be
alienated in society based on their sexual orientation and that material objects serve to orientate
(rather than alienate) us in this world. Mikhail Bakunin accused Marx of seeking to create a political
hierarchy similar to that of absolutist monarchs. Allan G. Johnson adds the crucial layers of race and
gender to Marxian analysis. Eleanor Marx prodded her father to consider the extent to which gender
itself is a system of power that is perhaps just as oppressive and ‘unnatural’ as capitalism.) Whom,
to your mind, offers the most important critique(s) of Marx’s work? Finally, are Marx’s ideas still
relevant today in 2019? Do we see evidence of Marxian alienation in the work of Barbara
Ehrenreich?
What can be done to lessen the alienation of workers from themselves, their fellow humans, and the
natural world within the capitalist system?
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1 page, single-spaced, response on both readings answering the following questions: a) what are the readings trying to uncover about social life? b) what research methods and/or theory are they employing? c) what does the data or analysis reveal? d) did you learn anything new from this reading about social life?
Essay Reference books.Read Carefully;
“How Brooklyn Became Cool” by Sharon Zukin (2010)
Masters of Craft: Old Jobs in the New Urban Economy by Richard Ocejo (2017)
