Mike, a 35-year-old, was brought via ambulance to the emergency department after collapsing on the street. He was diagnosed with appendicitis and the surgical team was alerted to the potential surgery. The physician prepared to obtain informed consent and began discussing the simple effective surgery and the treatment with the patient. The RN was present at the bedside. The patient stated he did not want surgery. Based upon his beliefs as a Christian Scientist, it is against his practices. He requested a Christian Science practitioner. The patient rated his pain as 9 on 0-10 verbal pain scale so the RN prepared the narcotic analgesic to relieve the patient’s pain. The patient declined the medication. The RN believes the patient should accept the pain medication and have the surgery thinking “If it were me I would proceed with the surgery and treatments proposed by the surgeon.” The surgeon can be heard speaking to a colleague about how to go about changing the patient’s decision.
Initial Discussion Post:
Address the following:
1.State and discuss the legal and ethical considerations occurring in this scenario. Include supporting citations.
2.How can RNs support the patient’s decision when the beliefs of the patient are contrary their own? List three (3) interventions, with supporting rationales, the RN would perform to ensure the delivery of culturally sensitive care.
3.Identify one (1) additional major religion, in which the same circumstances might also require the RN to advocate for the patient’s refusal of surgery. Describe the beliefs behind why the identified religion could pose a moral conflict for a similar patient.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Legal and ethical consideration
In this case study, there is conflict between the nurse ethical responsibilities to her patient, legal responsibility to her employer and legal duty to the physician; which exposes the RN to professional risk. This is a challenging situation as there is inadequate guide in resolving such kind of dilemmas. For instance, the nursing standards and law are vague about rights to ethical decisions made by RNs. The code of ethics does not offer legal protection to RN who works as patient advocate (Hunt, 2013).
In this case, the role of the nurse is to remain cultural competent. The RN must respect the patient decision even when the patient’s decision is irrational or wrong. The RN should advise the patient about their clinical opinion without putting pressure on them to accept the RNs advice. While doing so, the RN should be careful not to use words and actions that disrespect the patient values and beliefs (Hinkle & Cheever, 2013).
RNs support to patient decision
The RN can offer support to patient’s decision by (Taylor, Lilis, LeMone, & Lynn, 2011);
Being an active listener
This is important as it helps establish mutual relationship and trust to the RN. It is a way for RN to show their concerns to the patient. The RN should ask the patient about their understanding of the health condition, which will help RN to address any misconceptions.
Explain medication detail
Most of the healthcare medical terms are jargons to ordinary people. It is important to discuss all the details associated with the medication, his risk level and programs which could help with the patient cost management and coping strategies.
Explore alternative approaches
Some of the patients could be comfortable to seek alternative medication such as herbal remedies or traditional healers. The RN must be thoroughly informed about the alternative medication because some of the treatment could be harmful. If considered as an alternative, the nurse can refer the patient to a certified practitioner. In Some cases, religious rituals such as prayers can be integrated into practice.
Example of major religion
An example of a religion that could possibly be holding similar doctrines is Muslim religion. Devout Muslims can reject medication containing alcohol such as those used during the peri-operative procedures, or medications made from pork derivatives. In medical situations which are not of emergency, the RN should educate the patient, but help them preserve their values and believes (Smith, 2013). This includes exploring other beliefs that do not contradict to their beliefs. These small accommodations could pay off the patient emotional well-being. Therefore, to remain culturally competent care, the RN must perform cultural assessment in order to understand their perception of illness and wellness (Kee, Hayes, & McCuistion, 2015).
References
Hinkle, J., & Cheever, K. (2013). Brunner and Suddarth’s textbook of medical-surgical nursing (13th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Hunt, R. (2013). Introduction to community based nursing (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins.
Kee, J., Hayes, E., & McCuistion, L. (2015). Pharmacology: A patient-centered nursing process approach (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
Taylor, C., Lilis, C., LeMone, P., & Lynn, P. (2011). Fundamentals of nursing: The art and science of nursing care (7th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins.
Smith, L. (2013). Reaching for cultural competence. Nursing, 43(6), 30-38.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Historical Outline for National Mental Health Strategy Order Instructions: Please Keep this all Australian, such as references and information.
Use Harvard Referencing, I will add a Manuel of Australian Harvard referencing.
Historical Outline for National Mental Health Strategy
Continuous assessment- 1125 words
choose ONE policy to work with for the entire study period.
Provide a historical outline of their chosen policy that includes:
1. historical outline
2. discuss how or why the policy was formed
3. what principles are at stake?
4. what are the issue drivers?
5. what is the media portray of the policy
And set the assignment like so:
Please use the headings above to inform your writing.
The assignment must be written in essay style using paragraph format under the above headings but WITHOUT an introduction or a conclusion
Allow approximately 200 words for your answers under each heading
Please state clearly at the top of your assignment which policy you are addressing
Historical Outline for National Mental Health Strategy Sample Answer
Historical outline
The National Mental Health Strategy refers to the Australian government commitment to improve the mental well being of Australians. The strategy was endorsed by the Australian Health Ministers Conference (AHMC) in April 1992. The strategy was a framework which would be used to establish mental health reform. The main aim of the National Mental Health is to promote Australian community mental wellbeing, prevent new incidences of mental disease, and reduce the effect of the mental illness on the families, individuals and the community at large (Australian Government 2013a).
The strategy also aims to assure and protect the rights of individuals diagnosed with mental disorders. Since its endorsement, the strategy has been reformed several times. The second mental health plan was reaffirmed in 1998, which was followed by a second reformation in 2003; the National Mental Health plan 2003-2008. The most recent revised National Mental Health policy was in 2008; which was followed by revision of mental health statement of rights and responsibilities in 2012. Change of governance in 2014 led to the fourth National Mental Health Strategy where the common wealth government committed to improve the overall service and mental health programs (Kruk 2012).
Historical Outline for National Mental Health Strategy and Formation of the Policy
In the 1950s, the mental health institution in Australia was poor. There was no community care for mental illness. There were little investments in community care settings, which resulted in a high cost of care such that those diagnosed with mental illness could not afford care. This created the motivation to establish principles for protecting people with mental health in order to improve the mental health in Australia ((Australian Government 2013b). As early as the 1990S, an inquiry was formed to look into the human rights of the Australians diagnosed with mental illness. The commission investigated the human rights in every state and territory in Australian. The then Commissioner Brian Burdekin publicly raised his concerns about the abuse of the UN principles. This indicated the significance of national policy.
In 1992, the Australian government endorsed the first National Mental Health Strategy, which foreshadowed the previous major policies in the manner in which services was delivered to people affected with mental disorders. The agreement defined the government’s framework and the national directions to work in unison to change the mental health system that had been neglected by the policy makers (Althaus, Bridgeman, & Davis 2012). This National Mental Health strategy has undergone series of reforms 2003, and was further refined in 2009, where the healthcare processes were refined and the reform actions were developed so as to improve social inclusion, prevention and recovery. The actions also improved access of services through coordinated as well as innovative mental health care. In 2012, the Australian government established a commission to monitor the health reforms. Change of governance in 2014 led to the fourth National Mental Health Strategy where the common wealth government committed to improve the overall service and mental health programs (Zeng et al. 2012).
Historical Outline for National Mental Health Strategy and the Principles at Stake
The main policy outlined in this policy includes the setting of national service standards, protecting citizen’s rights, mainstreaming of mental health with the other general services and integration of community healthcare services in order to ensure continuity of care. These principles are articulated in four major documents (Regier & Parmelee 2015);
National Mental Health Policy – a document that outlines the mental healthcare new approaches that promote a shift from institutional towards a community oriented approach. This is more like the Australians government mission statement.
The National Mental Health Plan – a document chartered as an action plan, and it describes the common wealth, state and territory institutions that implement the aims as well as the main objectives of National Mental Health Policy. This is a five year plan that comprises of policy’s aims and objectives.
The Mental Health Statement of Rights and responsibilities, which embraces the United Nations Policy Resolution 98B- “ Resolution on the protection of People Rights with Mental diseases”; and as highlighted by the philosophical understanding of National Mental Health Strategy of human rights.
The Medicare Agreements- which are well set out by the common wealth, Australian states as well as the territories in attaining reform on mental care services financial support and the funding arrangements.
Historical Outline for National Mental Health Strategy and The policy Drivers or Motivators
Since the launch of this policy, the several aforementioned structural reforms have been done in order to reduce the overreliance of the stand alone psychiatric hospitals. These subsequent reforms lay emphasis on promotion and prevention of mental health. This is achieved by fostering partnerships with primary care providers and specialist of services across the various sectors in the community and the government. The National Mental Health policy has continued to prioritize early mental interventions to ensure that all Australians diagnosed with a mental disorder can access support and care at the community level (Jones 2010).
Statistics indicates that approximately 20% of the Australian people suffer from mental illness annually. This calls for improved mental health care services in order to meet increased demands to ensure people diagnosed with mental diseases receive quality services. The other drivers of the policy are the need to establish cost effective programmes and services for the low income earners. (Bateman & Smith 2011).The need to explore other alternatives to support mental health, improve mental health research, address the rural and regional specific challenges, and the challenges experienced by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander are the key motivators for the implementation of the National Mental Health Strategy (Shin and Kim 2015).
Historical Outline for National Mental Health Strategy and How the Policy is Portrayed by the Media
Some of the media reports highlight the government commitment in setting national objectives for reforms and increased efforts in ensuring the progress of quality mental health. The governments have supported a series of National Mental Health Strategy in the last 15 days. The strategies have set goals of evaluating the mental healthcare system. According to the media, the ongoing national collaborative efforts in Australia have not been effective because it lacks accountability (Talbott 2013). This indicates a critical gap in the planning and implementation of the mental health policy. The reports also indicate increasing resistance from current stakeholders, which causes reduced investment in the implementation of the National Mental Health Strategy. For instance, one of the reports indicated that approximately one in every people in Australia suffers from mental illness (Australian Public Policy 2013). It is the third leading cause of disability in Australia, and it accounts for about 27 % of the years lost due to disability. This indicates that mental illness incidence is as high as last years ago. This indicates that despite the fact government shifted its approach in mental health across the various programs; there are still some blockages in the implementation of the policy, which includes the reluctance of policy makers in providing transparency in their implementation role (Australian Government 2013c).
Historical Outline for National Mental Health Strategy References
Althaus, C, Bridgeman, P & Davis, G 2012, The Australian policy handbook, 5th edn, Allen and Unwin, NSW.
Australian Government. 2013a, Mental health services in Australia reports. Retrieved from http://www.nla.gov.au/oz/gov/
Australian Government, 2013b, National mental health committee publication. Retrieved from https://mhsa.aihw.gov.au/committees/publications/
Australian Government, 2013c, Mental health. Retrieved from http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/Mental+Health+and+Wellbeing-1
Australian Public Policy. 2013, Mental health policy — stumbling in the dark? Retrieved from Research Network http://www.apprn.org/
Bateman, J. & Smith, T. (2011). Taking Our Place. International Journal Of Mental Health, 40(2), 55-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/imh0020-7411400203
Jones, D 2010, COMMENTARY: Deinstitutionalization of mental health services in south Australia – out of the frying pan, into the fire?. Community Health Studies, 9(1), 62-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1985.tb00542.x
Kruk, 2012, Australia’s ambitions to make a difference in people’s lives: the early focus of the new National Mental Health Commission. Mental Health Review Journal, 17(4), 238-247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13619321211289317
Regier, N & Parmelee, P 2015, The stability of coping strategies in older adults with osteoarthritis and the ability of these strategies to predict changes in depression, disability, and pain. Aging & Mental Health, 19(12), 1113-1122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2014.1003286
Shin, C & Kim, S 2015, Mental Health Reform through the National Mental Health Strategy in Australia and Convergence Policy Implications. Journal Of Digital Convergence, 13(6), 341-350. http://dx.doi.org/10.14400/jdc.2015.13.6.341
Talbott, J 2013, The population impact of improvements in mental health services: the case of Australia. Yearbook Of Psychiatry And Applied Mental Health, 2013, 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypsy.2012.07.053
Williams, T 2013, Rhetoric or reality? 15 years of mental health reform in Australia. IPAA Policy in Action Forum. Retrieved from http://www.health.wa.gov.au/mhpr/docs/Rhetoric_or_Reality_15years_of_mental_health.pdf
Zeng, G, Boe, E, Bulotsky-Shearer, R, Garrett, S, Slaughter-Defoe, D, Brown, E, & Lopez, B 2012, Integrating U.S. Federal Efforts to Address the Multifaceted Problems of Children: A Historical Perspective on National Education and Child Mental Health Policies. School Mental Health, 5(3), 119-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12310-012-9096-7
Question: Select a competency from each of the following and explain how the RN incorporates the competency in their practice:
Standard 1: Assessment
Standard 2: Diagnosis
Standard 3: Outcomes Identification
Standard 4: Planning
Standard 5: Implementation
Standard 6: Evaluation
Base your paper on your readings and research of this topic using materials for this course listed below.
Text books, chapters and materials to read for this paper.
1-Treas, L. & Wilkinson, J, (2014). Basic nursing: concepts, skills & reasoning. Philadelphia; F. A. Davis, Company.
2- Nursing diagnosis text book, Nanda, any…
Required:
Textbooks:
Nursing Diagnosis
• Use your chosen Nursing Diagnosis Guidebook to review the nursing diagnoses specific to the content covered in this module.
Basic nursing: concepts, skills & reasoning**
• Chapter 2: Critical thinking and the nursing process
• Chapter 3: Assessment
• Chapter 4: Diagnosis
• Chapter 5: Planning Outcomes
• Chapter 6: Planning Interventions
• Chapter 7: Implementation and Evaluation
• Chapter 18: Documenting and Reporting
• Chapter 44: Nursing Informatics
Web Based and Other Professional Resources:
• Pre-licensure KSAs (2014)**
• Hospital: 2016 National Patient Safety Goals (2015)
SAMPLE ANSWER
In recent times, it has become fundamental for RN in practice to incorporate their competencies and skills while performing their roles in the health sector. The nursing process requires the RN to ensure the effectiveness of every plan of care by adhering to standards and regulations of practice which are intertwined with skills thus leading to positive outcomes (Treas & Wilkinson, 2014). Systematic and comprehensive skills are one of the competencies applied by RN during the assessment process. The competency enhances efficiency in acquiring accurate and relevant data which is also guided by the extensive knowledge to prioritize the available and historical data. The ability to make informed decisions and been accountable for all decisions is a competency incorporated by RN during diagnosis processes. The RN adopts these skills to ensure efficacy in clinical decisions, the diagnostic investigation which is dependent on critical thinking. The incorporation of such skills results to appropriate course of action after the diagnosis. Outcome identification requires the RN to incorporate analytical and proactive competencies which guide them in contributing to healthcare processes positively. Such competency is essential in practices of outcome identification. Thus the RN focuses on acquiring the desired results and managing the situations effectively (Treas & Wilkinson, 2014).
Effective communication is a competency incorporated in the process of planning. The RN that applies the competency can collaborate with other healthcare professionals, and patients to achieve the set objectives. The RN would also be able to use technical skills during communication with patients which enhances efficiency while planning for care and management of their issues. It is also essential to incorporate leadership competencies in the implementation of the plans in the nursing process. The incorporation of such skills enhances efficiency in taking charge of the situation and ensuring they are followed to the letter (Treas & Wilkinson, 2014). The competency also influences the RN to adopt evidence-based practices since they are held responsible for all the measures or strategies they use and implement. The ability to interpret clinical outcomes while ensuring professional integrity is a competence used by RN during evaluation. The competency is important as it helps the RN to monitor the outcomes of the plans and find appropriate measures to address gaps identified during the nursing process of care. In a nutshell, critical thinking needs to be incorporated in all these processes while applying competencies to result in positive impacts.
Reference
Treas, L. & Wilkinson, J, (2014). Basic nursing: concepts, skills & reasoning. Philadelphia; F. A. Davis, Company.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
In order to do this assignment, you will have to do 4 questionnaires, 1 is for myself doing it(23, Asian), and others 3 questionnaires. You can make all the
questionnaires up by yourself (the questionnaires sheet will be uploaded, do not for get to make 1 questionnaire up by 23 years old, Asian).
After you finish doing questionnaire, you will have to calculate as in examples in excel file that will be uploaded.
Once you finish doing questionnaires and rate them, you can do the assignment.
If you have any questions, feel free to contact me by email, I always check my email 24/7.
Use charts/figures as appropriate. For calculations show formula; data; workings and results.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Faith, Spirituality and Ethics Essay requires 3 points:
1.Discussion of what are spirituality and faith, including sources of beliefs in the Sacred (based on at least one article).
2.Discussion of the value of faith and spirituality for various individuals and groups (based on least one article).
3.Analysis giving your agreement and/or
disagreement with specific items in what you heard and read about the first two points above, giving the reasons for your opinions. You can include
additional considerations which you feel should be included in the discussion of faith and spirituality.
This paper should show that you understand and can
integrate the ideas in the following outcome: Outcome3.1. An understanding of faith and spirituality, and an appreciation for their significance within the human community Criteria Students are able to: 3.1a. Understand faith and spirituality both as matters for intellectual reflection and as styles of life that offer structures, self-awareness, and depth of experience to individuals and communities. 3.1b. Interpret multiple facets of faith and spirituality,
including sources of tradition and beliefs and experiences of God and the Sacred. 3.1c. Understand different religious and non-religious perspectives and value systems central to faith and spirituality.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Please write 1 page essay for each question.
1. Compare the social and political climate in England in the 1760 s with the colonies. How did immigrants from outside England affect the sociopolitical
conditions of the colonies? Were there significant differences in the colonies between the coastal cities and the backcountry? .
2. Summarize and explain the decisions made in the British House of Commons regarding their debts following the French and Indian War and why these decisions were challenged by the colonists. How could Britain have avoided these economic problems? How could Britain have better managed the political fallout in North America? Why was the response so different in Canada? .
3. Explain the actions of the colonists in the 1760s and 1770s and the responses by the British government that led to the political break and the Declaration of Independence. How did the colonists protest these actions? Were the grievances of the colonists legitimate? .
4. Analyze the Declaration of Independence. What were the main arguments for independence? How did the United States live up to these ideals in 1776 and how did it fall short? Did the Declaration of Independence mark a completely new philosophy in government in North America, or was it more of a fulfillment of ideas of the English constitution? .
5. How did American troops fight the Revolutionary War? How did the tactics differ from the British? How was the American army ultimately able to fend off the
more numerous, better-trained British army and its adjuncts? .
When responding to the essay questions, keep in mind that they are essays and not short-answer questions. Essays should be detailed and have resources to support factually based comments. Your answer must state your hypothesis and be supported with detailed information, including dates, specific examples, and material from the readings. The conclusion should follow logically from the information you have presented.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
In working out your responses to the Discussion Question, you should choose examples from your own experience or find appropriate cases on the Web that you can discuss. Credit will be given for references you make to relevant examples from real companies. Please make sure that you cite and reference all your outside sources properly, as per the Harvard Referencing System.
Explain the similarities and differences between an adaptive project management life and an extreme project management life cycle .
Discuss the conditions that would suggest the use of one model over the other.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
During the Age of Division, many elites chose to stay away from the government and state affairs. According to the readings, what was the new trend of
religion and literature that emerged among the literati during that period? Why did this change take place?
For this question, I suggest that you could take the works of certain poets, say, Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun and so forth, as examples to illustrate your
viewpoint. As for the second part of the prompt (Why……), try to think about the connection between the poetry in the secondary readings and the
historical background during that period.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
China is regularly viewed as the greatest threat to the U.S. economic hegemony in today?s world. With this in mind, produce a reflective comparison of China
and the U.S. in terms of social/political/economic systems. Given the focus of this course and this particular module, what is the fundamental basis for the
expectation that the U.S. will continue its economic leadership over China? Specifically, what educational model provides the best basis for that and why?
Note: You may consult, among many analyses, that of Adam Segal, ?Why America?s innovation will beat out China?s? at: http://globalpublicsquare.blogs.cnn.com/2011/03/10/why-american-innovation-will-beat-out-china/
Your paper should be 4-6 pages in APA format, excluding title page and bibliography, and should include citations from at least 4 sources, including
Nussbaum.
You should begin the paper with an explanation of the problem to be addressed and state a thesis that you will prove.
You should then proceed in the paper to consider arguments for and against the position and endeavor to show the insufficiency of those counter arguments or objections to the position you have taken; i.e., you are to implement critical thinking!
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Read the article concerning the "future of real estate closings" in Massachusetts.
After reading the article, please answer the following:
1. Based on the facts outlined in the article and what you have read this week, do you believe that the use of e-contracts at real property closings would be
beneficial to consumers (e.g., buyers and sellers), or do you feel that consumers are going to lose some of their protections by not being present at the
closing? If so, why? If not, why?
For those of you that have purchased real property, please feel free to provide examples from you personal experiences to support your answers.
Your responses to the above should not be less than two (2) paragraphs in length. Also, please review at least two (2) of your classmates’ posts and provide
feedback to them (your feedback should only be a 2-3 sentences at most). Thus, you should make at least three (3) meaningful posts.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
