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Dell Strategic Analysis Report Assignment

Dell Strategic Analysis Report
Dell Strategic Analysis Report

Dell Strategic Analysis Report

Order Instructions:

1- I have read the case study, and did the analysis (you will see my findings under the attached document called “Strategic Audit Format DELL”. Please use my findings to write the report.

2- Please use the attached word document called “Dell Strategic Analysis Report” to write the REPORT, when you open this document, you will see what are the exact requirements highlighted in yellow.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction

Michael Dell is the founder of Dell Inc. and this was done Austin, Texas in 1984 whereby, he had an unparalleled thought concerning the organization. Dell needed to offer PC frameworks to clients specifically by conveying the most solid registering answers to address individual issues at the obliged time with no mistake to their clients overall. Dell is a company that is majorly based in the US which does the business of selling hardware and other services that is spread all over the world. The Dell Company specializes in the production of computer systems for example, various software’s, hardware, mobile devices for networking and other electronics. The Dell Company does not only sell its products to personal consumers, but also sell its product to the institutions like the government, healthcare institutions and eve to the education sectors (Theobald, 2010). Through its very many segments, it gives its customers a wide spectrum of solutions as far as their services are concerned so that it can widen its scope of distributions to global markets. Some of the solutions that it gives to its customers range from a series of configured IT and even networking and storage of the products through embracing infrastructure technology that is done through consultation and applications. For the dell company to carry out its business effectively, it must develop a well framed business strategies and plans.

Dell is an organization that conveyed change to its immediate model of offering and in the year 2007, the organization wound up making the first stride towards a worldwide retail methodology. This method involved taking off issues by including retail as a new channel and growing its administration offering to fulfill its clients and fulfilled. Dell began to offer its two models of PCs at more than 3500 stores of Wal-Mart in United States, Canada and Puerto Rico. In 2003, the administration of Dell chose to change the name of organization from Dell Computer Corporation to Dell Inc. This was finished to the point of perceiving the quickly expanding expansive product offering offered by the Organization. Keeping in mind the end goal to lessen the general cost that it used to bring about, the organization reported to offer most or every last bit of its assembling offices inside 18 months. This was until January 31, 2007, Kevin Rollins leaves because of the poor monetary execution and negative NEWS scope of the organization that prompted the arrival of Michael Dell as the CEO of the organization.

About the industry

The PC industry is mainly dominated by big players such as Microsoft, Apple, HP, IBM, Samsung, among others. In 2007, Dell was taken over by HP in terms of the market share and the condition has remained the same to date. Currently, Apple is the largest technology company due to the size of their shares and their huge sales in various places in the world. The Launch of the Windows 3.0 changes the computer market industry in favor of Microsoft such that some players were locked out of business. The launch of smartphones has destabilized the market forces in the PC industry, since such phones have almost similar capabilities like the PC.

Company Background

Dell is an organization that works comparable with Microsoft windows that changed plan of action and elements of the business. Dell is dated to be one of the biggest innovation organizations of the world regarding aggregate estimation of its impacts that are so colossal and alarming to numerous financial specialists who are intending to venture in a PC based business. The organization’s Netscape gave the first open to all online worlds Browser, which was of incredible utilization of a large number of the individuals who are keen on its operations all inclusive (Dell, 2015). Dell is an organization that drove the business sector until Microsoft entered the business sector with Internet Explorer that brought any changes into the technological world. In the year 2007, HP took the first opening as far as a piece of the overall industry from Dell. Notwithstanding, the dispatch of Window 3.0 in 1990 and Windows 3.0 changed the plan of action of the Dell business to the Microsoft’s Advantage over Apple, IBM, Atari and many different frameworks. This was so much felt yet because of the way that clients weren’t bolted into one seller’s item things were conceivable and well operational. The dispatch of the iPhone acquired Genuine made changes the cell phone industry and was the first notion of versatile that could in the long run destabilize the PC area of DELL Company. It never took so long that the organization chose to present iPad that later denoted the start of the end of the PC business, which had been a huge business foundation of the Dell organization. Dell is an organization that has contenders like Apple II that was framed in the year 1977and IBM PC that was shaped in 1981. They have all been attempting to try their hardest and coach clients in the business sector in their procedure of contending to be the best. There has been high upgrades made on the nature of generation as this is the key part that will help DELL as an organization to hold its old clients and get new ones in the business.

The organization encountered a VR “Virtual Reality” Announcement by Microsoft in 2015 in blend with the “visualization Glasses”. Different organizations, for example, Samsung Oculus and velvet are said to have experienced the same Virtual Reality declaration by Microsoft that served to hone their abilities the way it accomplished for DELL. The VR Innovation that is utilized for utilization by Dell is going to lead the world and a decent substitution to numerous different gadgets that are exceptionally required and needed in the figuring business.

Past Problems in DELL

Dell is an organization that was confronted by issues in the past and they incorporate the Poor monetary conditions all through the world and the end of web air pocket that meddled with its operations. For as far back as 10 years, a great piece of the Personal PCs (PC) deals were for tablets and PCs in the $799-$999 territory. If the organization utilizes a PC or Laptop 20% of the time, the most astounding value they need to pay is $599 and this was recorded to be too low as they thought things could be on their side. In 2002, the general interest for the PC frameworks and administrations declined on account of the world monetary shortcoming. This turned into an extraordinary test for the DELL Company to manage as it couldn’t make to deal its items to its clients and achieve its objective according to its arrangements. There was the ascent of minimal effort equipment PC makers in China and numerous individuals because of the falling economy needed to get the modest equipment’s so they redirected their regard for purchase them in China. This turned into a downside to the organization that wound up losing the greater part of its clients because of the failing economy. Regardless of purchasing the PC equipment’s in China, they also understood that they were not up to the norms that they wanted and couldn’t help make quality PCs as needed by their clients along these lines they lost numerous clients to their rival Apple who was currently best in quality generation of items. Numerous clients who were in the wake of getting a quality items occupied their business with DELL and went to Apple. Dell stood up to a test due to the rapidly changing advancement that it was not used to. It fails to handle the conformities in development in the blessed time in this way, its opponents had an unassuming time of telling in the business division. The failure of getting a handle on the changing advancement in incredible time made Dell to be directly in its operation while customer required now to buy extraordinary online and they were without further ado urged to oversee Apple who had used the usage of the new development on a helpful reason. The Increasing Unit Sales and Volume however Sales salary kept decreasing as a result of contention in the perspective of esteeming. This provoked DELL not making incredible arrangement as a result of the high expenses top it put in its stock. Customers fled away as a result of the high expenses that they stood up to in DELL. Customization of Desktop “Less extravagant Price” was another test that DELL expected to face. This is because, the association now had low arrangements that couldn’t entirety to the hungered for formal level as it expected to hold its customers appropriately encountered an adversity. New associations that created were a danger in view of the fulfillment felt by Dell. These associations were arranged in – Chinese, Korean republics and in the United States of America. There was Slowed enthusiasm for the ranges of the association in view of the nonappearance of enough supports to finish the procedure. The PC business felt some shivering issue due to reality that development had not been handled, especially in DELL and this incited directed examination that made it to fall behind. In spite of their being numerous issues previously, the organization is as of now encountering some different issues that are as an aftereffect of the quickly changing industry drifts that are felt in the PC business. In the late the DELL’s PC business slammed in the first quarter of 2013 with the new PC shipments falling 14% contrasted and the same period a year ago (Dedrick, 2008). This has been as an aftereffect of the organizations that give best PC because of innovation that is utilized in their premises. They have utilized individuals with best brains who can help in changing the world with the innovation that they have within their reach.

There is another challenge that is being confronted by DELL Company in the later. This issue is presently connected with the way that PC Users now have significantly more decision than anytime recently, which influence what they purchase and they can choose to purchase cell phones or even iPads, tablets that perform comparative parts with PC’s. Notwithstanding this, they can secure them frame other reason at a less expensive cost as they are delivered by numerous organizations like Samsung, Apple among others. Dell is encountering a huge test that is connected with Industry Convergence and Domination of Larger Players who have now commanded the business sector. A portion of the enormous player in the PC’s business who have commanded the business are similar to Apple who are currently extremely overwhelm because of the fat that they give the best of items needed by their clients because of their brilliant and practical measures that given the offer of the organization’s items. Another test that is confronted by DELL is the way that most PC creators do little item advancement all alone. This has driven the organization to depend for the most part on their suppliers for item advancement, and on Microsoft and Intel for new advances that they will use in their creation. All things considered individuals have discovered they can do as much as 80% on a tablet that they used to do on a PC and they have turned structure, acquiring PC’s to the purchasing of tablets that are not delivered by DELL. This implies that they need to make low expenses as they don’t create tablets, which are presently needed by customers in the business. Because of the issues of advances and also advancement propelling consistently, the PC business has now been made fiercer and DELL as Company is feeling this extraordinary effect; since it doesn’t grasp innovation with its moving pace. This implies that a long time from now risks are there will be a couple of PCs at home. Furthermore, DELL is very tested with this exploration discoveries. Around then individuals will be wearing PCs (embedded) for instance, in eyeglasses and this will imply that if DELL does not change its line of creation it may endure enormous misfortunes. Exploration demonstrates that Future is anticipated that individuals will like a wearable PC or gadgets like savvy, Google glasses, VR and numerous more items, which are not made by DELL Company accordingly, an enormous test for them. This is an unmistakable sign to the organization that it’s truly experiencing a genuine test that if the right measures are not imparted set up it will have high issue. Hence, the administration of the organization ought to wake up and gaze grasping new changes in the innovative world at the earliest opportunity.

Company’s Vision & Mission

Dell is an organization whose vision is to be the best in matters to do with data innovation Systems that must be utilized in the Company on a worldwide level by conveying the best client involvement in all business sectors they serve (Burns, 2011). The mission of the organization is to be much focused and try their hardest to inspire their clients who are exceptionally needing their backing.

Company’s Goals and Objectives

Dell Inc. As of late set an objective for the year 2020, known as legacy of good, which is a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activity and also intended to build up a maintainable planet in the whole environment. Dell Inc. has a set goal, which is to give great quality support of its client at the least cost conceivable. Dell has done a few Improvements in client productivity that will help avow its goals that it cravings to work with (Dell, 2015).

Company’s Structure

The structure of the company is based under three strategies that it has employed for use in its premises. These strategies are inclusive of the corporate strategy, business strategy that works hand in hand with the human resource department to ensure that all functionality of the company are in the right place. The third strategy that is employed for use is the functional strategy that ensures that all the functions of the company are well done according to all the plans that were set aside and ensures that all the workers in the company are given all the desired privileges together with being encouraged to worked harder to the success of the company. The company has structured their products in a desire way that really impresses the customers by ensuring that they simplify their products and services in accordance to the desires of their customers who will be more impressed if they obtain what they want. DELL Inc. The structure is in a way that impresses their customers and this enables them to be in a better position of even attaining more customers. The structure ensures that the company has a good management from top managers up to the lowest mangers and that they carry out their duties accordingly. This ensures that the industry gives a win with industry-leading end-user computing solutions that enhance the scale of alternative computing solutions.

Company’s Range of Products

Dell center business level technique is easiest method; the organization is themed to lead the business by promoting the pattern of minimal effort and lean assembling. Dell’s online form to request and Just in Time stock framework is a reasonable evidence that dell seeks after Low Cost Strategy as its Business Level system. Dell likewise seeks after Differentiation method, its aggregate customization alternative and building your own PC is an exceptional idea which no other Computer maker takes after. The main product of this company is personal computers.

Computer Platform

The significant highlight of the practical level procedure of Dell is that the organization concentrates on utilizing its solid abilities as a part of direct deals, minimal effort assembling, store network administration capacities so as to build the classification of its items through which the organization can convey increased the value of its purchasers at lower cost. Utilize the focused abilities of organization in servers and PCs to seek after chances of income development. Dissimilar to the contenders that take over the customary model of worth chain, Dell does not keep up in-house supply of completed product inventories.

Corporate structure/culture

The Current corporate structure includes groups and group administrators who report specifically to senior directors or venture supervisors. The hierarchical structure is level and power is assigned to representatives. Administration in Dell has confidence in engaging its workers, Dell has some essential rules and winning with respectability is a piece of it, it makes Dell’s way of life aggressive. Dell’s way of life is developmentally focused; it is intended to incite advancement and innovation in representatives.

SWOT analysis

Strengths of the Dell Company may include the following market leadership, direct sales strategies, price on the basis of performance, most updated technology and many other more.

Weaknesses include over reliance on the institutional and corporate sales, non-acceptability in the retail sectors. Lack of technology in the company is a weakness that brings operations down. Production of one product of the company is a weakness as people need a range of products that they can be able to choose from.

Opportunities: markets that are unexploited enhanced usage of the internet that results in increased demand for the laptops and even technological modernization.  The Partnerships that are evident with local manufacturers in researching the market insight and the Favorable situation that come as a result, in safeguarding the green field investments is a strength to Dell Company. The exchange rate is to the advantage of the company, together with low labor costs and tax rates that they are now experiencing.

Threats may include: impulsive trends in the market places, a financial crisis that is a great challenge to the whole world and the price wars. There are high sanctions that have been experienced by the company and they have resulted in high weakness in the company. There are restrictions that deny the multinational companies like Dell to be able to move their profits to certain percentage and this becomes a weakness.

Societal Environment Analysis (Pest Tool)

Political factors: various aspects of the politics have great impacts almost in all parts of the world. They may range from the government directives and even the institutional policies. In the case of the Dell Company there is one big threat of politics or the legal environment this is mainly seen as a threat because political factors involve government regulations that define terms and conditions that any business must operate within. Therefore, it is very important to consider this factor since many countries are still restrained by some of these policies which are put to defend domestic manufacturers and producers.

The economic environment may include the nature of the economy in which various companies compete. Some of these economic factors are like company directives, restrictions that are put in the budgets and even the income generation measures of the organization. The main challenge for the Dell Company as far as the economic environment is concerned is the degree of piracy.

Social factors which include the culture of the society and in some cases it may include attitude and the values, especially the change in the lifestyle of the people, change in the consumption patterns, attitude towards work and even to some great extent in the education and health. These external social factors may affect the way the company provides solution to the problems so that they can meet the demands of the customers since customers can decide to work with one vendor that serves all their interests. The major social factors are inclusive of the increased global target audience, effects of the brand name that may or may not be liked by the customers. Other factors are inclusive of the literacy rates of a region and the factor that determines how a customer finds an easier way of shopping online to save time and money.

Technological issues: the most important technology issue for the computer industries is the speed and the rate of adoption of the newly introduced technology that can greatly affect the effectiveness of the organization. There are factors that influence the technology that is supposed to be used in the industry and they are inclusive of; the ease of access to new technology, decline in technology cost and the global production factor all aimed at enhancing the functionality of the new technology.

Industry Environment Analysis (Five Forces)

The most important tool that can be selected as a way to be used to analyze the situation of the company as far as control recline is concerned is the porter’s five forces model. This is mainly because it helps the company to understand its strong points against its competitors in the market places. According to this model, competition in the industry can be as a result of five forces that are combined together for example the competition, rivalry within the organization, possible entry of new competitors in the market, possible growth of the alternative products, and bargaining powers of both the suppliers and the customers. For the rivalry against its existing competitors, there are many players like the Toshiba, HP, Gateway and many other companies that offer cost and competitive benefits. Threats of new entrance into the market: Dell Company has the obligation to do better so that they can beat their competition through producing using the most recent technology and then put their prices in a way that they will compete favorably. The bargaining power of the buyers: for many computer industries, customer bargaining power has been very soaring this is mainly because of the very little reliability of the brand in the market places and also due to the products of many producers look like. The bargaining power of the suppliers: because of the fact that there are very few vendors who are capable of supplying the major components of the computer, the bargaining power of the trader in the computer industry has also elevated.

The availability of substitute products in the market places has greatly impacted on the sale and productivity of the computer elements. They have the oligopoly kind of the market structure since most of the producers of the computer parts produce similar products.

Internal environment

Corporate management and management team

Dell is a company that is majorly based in the US which does the business of selling hardware and other services that is spread all over the world. Dell Company specializes in the production of computer systems for example various software’s, hardware mobile devices for networking and other electronics. Dell Company does not only sell its products to personal consumers, but also sell its product to the institutions like the government, healthcare institutions and even to the education sectors.

Corporate culture

Through its very many segments, Dell Company gives its customers a wide spectrum of solutions as far as their services are concerned so that it can widen its scope of distributions to global markets. Some of the solutions that it gives to its customers range from a series of configured IT and even networking and storage of the products through embracing infrastructure technology that is done through consultation and applications. For the dell company to carry out its business effectively, it must develop a well framed business strategies and plans.

TOWS Analysis outcomes TOWS analysis outcomes

Basically, TOWS has been just SWOT which is spelled from behind if we are keen to observe and SWOT is an acronym of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. The results of the SWOT analysis can be represented in a matrix which contains the Strengths and Weaknesses as the internal pieces intersecting with Opportunities and Threats as the external factors. Appendix A shows a representation of TOWS analysis outcomes. ST (strengths-Threats) considers making use of the internal strengths in order to run away from the external threats. An example is when the company faces a threat of its funds decreasing at an alarming rate; the company will be posed to a challenge of finding other methods of obtaining funds like making use of volunteer management software so as to increase efficiency and effectiveness (Burns, P. 2011)

WT (Weakness-Threats) which is a defensive position in the matrix and functions to try and avoid threats while minimizing on weaknesses and is considered most of the time when the organization in question is in a really bad position. For instance, the company may be facing the threat of losing funds and the company reacts by merging some of its programs with other organizations to save on resources and wait until its funding becomes stable.

External Factors Analysis Summary

The external factors analysis summary illustrates an automated version of organizing external factors in terms of both threats and opportunities and looking at how an organization makes response to these factors basing their arguments on the importance of each of the two factors. In this case, the sum of the weight is not supposed to go beyond the weight give to each factor, that is, 1.00 is the most important factor while 0.0 is not important. Moreover, a rate is assigned to each factor whereby 5 stands for outstanding and 0 is poor. The weighed score is calculated by finding the product of weight and rate of each factor.

Internal Factor Analysis Summary

The internal factor analysis summary consists of a spreadsheet provision that is relatively easy to use in an attempt to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities in a particular organization. Once again, the rate and weight are used in the analysis. In this case, the total sum of weight must not be more than the weight of each factor as given in the summary and 1.00 weights refer to the most important factor while 0.0 factors are not important. When a rate of 5 is assigned to a factor, the factor is outstanding while that which is assigned 1 is a poor factor. Nevertheless, the weighted score is calculated by obtaining the product of weight and rate of each factors.

TOWS analysis: Strategic factors analysis summary

Strategic factor analysis illustrates a combination of some of the most essential factors of both the internal factor analysis summary and external factor analysis summary. This strategic factor analysis also outlines an overall outlook of an organization based on its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The rate, which implies how well an organization responds to the factors, and also the weight which stands for the importance of the factor are some of the issues that are taken into account. Weight for each factor is assigned whereby 1.00 is very important while 0.0 is not an important factor. Nevertheless, all weights must total to 1.00. A rate of 5 to a factor is considered as outstanding while that of 0 is considered to be poor. The letter X is typed to each factor to imply the significant amount of time each factor will take. The weighted score is established by finding the product.

TOWS matrix and strategic alternative summary

The TOWS matrix is helpful when it comes to visualization of the analysis whereas it is very vital to understand how the elements of the matrix work together for positive results. When any particular company or organization manages to match the internal strengths to external opportunities, it gets the advantage of increasing its competency towards its customers.

SO (Strengths-Opportunities): This implies using the internal strengths to maximize on opportunities available for instance spending more time and focus on writing grant proposals if there is a lot of grant money availed.

WO (Weakness-Opportunities) which implies an improvement of the internal weaknesses by utilizing the external opportunities available. For instance, if there are lots of grant monies available and the company does not have grant proposal writers, the company may consider hiring or employing an expert or consultant, or better still send an employee for training on grant proposal writing.

ST (strengths-Threats) considers making use of the internal strengths in order to run away from the external threats. An example is when the company faces a threat of its funds decreasing at an alarming rate; the company will be posed to a challenge of finding other methods of obtaining funds like making use of volunteer management software so as to increase efficiency and effectiveness.

WT (Weakness-Threats) which is a defensive position in the matrix and functions to try and avoid threats while minimizing on weaknesses and is considered most of the time when the organization in question is in a really bad position. For instance, the company may be facing the threat of losing funds and the company reacts by merging some of its programs with other organizations to save on resources and wait until its funding becomes stable.

Recommendations

 Review of the mission and vision

The company should review their IT system manufacturing in order to enhance automation of their services. The implementation of IT in their operations will see the realization of low cost production and a subsequent increase in profits realized by businesses.

 Review of the goals and objectives

The company should review that goals and their objectives and make them be in tandem with the lowest possible costs as they strive to enter the untapped computer market and increase their productivity. Provision of good quality goods and services to the customers and offering cheap computers should form part of the company goals. The overall objective of all these goals should be focused at improving the market share of the computer market and to improve on their productivity.

Strategic Alternatives (Corporate, Business, Functional)

In order to ensure a brighter future with fewer uncertainties, the company must begin to diversify their portfolio and opt for vertical integration in their business operations. Focusing on one product alone is risky business since the business can be struck by unforeseen circumstances.

Corporate Strategy

In terms of corporate strategy, the company should focus on internationalization of their products in order to reach untapped market.

Business Strategy

In terms of business strategy, the company should focus on implementing proper structure of business operations to enhance their overall presence in the computer industry. Moreover, the company should develop their business competency to enhance their competitive advantage as they strive to increase their market presence and to gain a big market share.

Functional Strategy

The company should capitalize on the latest advances in technology and streamline their operations in line with Information Technology to improve on their efficiency and reduce operational costs. Another functional strategy that the company should consider is to expand their operations into new markets in order to increase their sales and their overall revenues. Since the production costs at the company are still relatively high, a cutting costs strategy needs to be implemented by implementing a costs effective value chain in the organization.

Strategy Implementation

For Dell to move forward, the company needs to come up with the strategy information across the organization that will increase overall business performance. Another form of strategy implementation is that the company should withdraw from some of the activities that can perform well at lower costs in the value chain in order to maximize their profits. This is because such activities are very expensive and would make the company avoid expensive costs related to the cost of production. The management at Dell should ensure that the critical and core competency issues are kept in house with the aim of ensuring that the company moves forward. Since the company is determined to make profits, the company should explore the alternatives of selling their products through retail outlets and devise a plant to reward sales people on direct commission. This will ensure that the sales people work hard to meet their target and the company stands to benefit through increasing their sales. Moreover, the company should focus on high revenues and market share by putting more focus on the product development and market development.

Keeping in mind the end goal to improve their game changer, the organization ought to proceed with their internationalization arranges and guarantee that their organization works in all sides of the globe. This can successfully be accomplished by securing nearby and promising PC organizations. Moreover, the organization ought to move to a bio-comparable business to help in items broadening to enhance the general danger of overreliance in one item. The organization can likewise change their assembling areas to empower them diminish expenses and make more benefits. Because of headway in innovation, Dell ought to exploit online stages to enhance their corporate distinguish by dispatching forceful showcasing in the online stages.

The organization needs to search for little however encouraging PC organizations and converge with them so as to avoid future rivalry and grow their regions. The assembling focuses likewise need to be moved into territories with shabby assembling expenses to diminish the organization operations and build their general benefit. The organization ought to likewise contract their advertising methodologies and to build their center to the individuals who need PCs. Dell has kept up their emphasis on the business with the point of turning into the business sector pioneer. The organization has enormously put resources into HR to empower advancement and imagination required in the association. Furthermore, the organization likewise has a key center that is gone for using the assets in zones with most extreme effect to the association and their clients. The organization has likewise profited the physical assets, for example, the hardware, offices, and account to backing their operations without diversions. The organization has additionally been fruitful in gaining and keeping clients through their quality items and corporate brand substance.

            Strategic Evaluations and Control Standards

Dell should focus on their future strategy to enable them know exactly what they are looking for as part of their future strategy. In this regard, the company should decide on what they are looking for to measure the things that is likely critical to their business model. Dell also needs to put specific business performance measures that are established on the expected performance and actual performance. Constant evaluations must be carried out to ensure maximum control of the specific business performance with the aim of improving on the company operations. In the case where the company performance measures that fails to meet the company objectives, the management at dell should come up with specific correction strategies that are directed to areas with shortcomings. Moreover, the company should look towards further improving on its performance with their aim of becoming the market leader in the computers market. In this regard, the management at Dell should ensure that they work hard in the three forms of organizational controls such as operational control, strategic control, and management control.

References

Burns, P. (2011). Entrepreneurship and Small Business. Palgrave Macmillan.

Cooney, M. (2011, May 11). A potted history of the IT industry: 25 years of milestones. Retrieved from http://www.computerworlduk.com/slideshow/it-business/3278948/a-potted-history-of-the-it-industry-25-years-of-milestones/

Dedrick, J. (2008). Globalization of Innovation. Boston: Alfred foundation.

Dell. (2015). Dell 2020 Legacy of Good Plan. Retrieved from Dell corporation: http://www.dell.com/learn/us/en/uscorp1/2020-goals

Theobald, W. F. (2010). Internet Resources for Leisure and Tourism. Dunsmore: British library catalouge.

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Communicating in a multi-generational workforce

Communicating in a multi-generational workforce
Communicating in a multi-generational workforce

Communicating in a multi-generational workforce

Order Instructions:

My Topic : Communicating in a multi-generational workforce

Hook: (you need a “wow statement” that meets the 85% rule – see the librarian while here

Anchor: (you need a number to demonstrate a problem exists that meets the 85% rule).

The general business problem is each generation has an unique preferred communication/motivational style challenging supervisors of multi-generation workers.

The specific business problem is some managers have little information on strategies to use to motivate each generation.

Purpose statement.

The focus of this qualitative multi-case study is to explore strategies that managers use to motivate a multi generation work force. Data will be collected from 3 HR managers in XXX (city, state) that have successfully motivated a multi generational workforce. The data from this study might contribute to social change by increasing productivity and workplace communications.

Research question: What communication strategies can managers of a multi generational work force use to motivate employees?

Assignment

Page 1
Abstract

[Doctoral Study Title]
by
[your official name]

MS, [university], 200X
BS, [university], 200X

Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Business Administration

Page 2
Background
Text begins here. The purpose of the background is to introduce the topic and problem you will address. You want to briefly indicate why the problem deserves new research. More important, the doc study must address applied research so you will want to identify the need to solve an “applied” business problem. The goal of this section is to encourage readers to continue reading, to generate interest in the study, and provide an initial frame of reference for understanding the entire research framework.
The Background” can be effectively accomplished in no more than one page; brevity and clarity is essential. The “Review of the Literature” will provide a more detailed discussion on the literature pertaining to the topic/problem. Immersing your self in the literature on your topic/problem is crucial to uncovering a viable business problem. Do not underestimate the importance of the literature in aiding identifying a viable business problem.
The research topic is broad in nature; do not narrow the focus to quickly. You want to give the reader, especially those not familiar with the topic, time to get familiar with the topic. Transition the reader to a more a concise presentation of the specific business topic/problem under study. This component focuses on identifying why the study is important, how the study relates to previous research on the topic/problem, and Background
Text begins here. The purpose of the background is to introduce the topic and problem you will address. You want to briefly indicate why the problem deserves new research. More important, the doc study must address applied research so you will want to identify the need to solve an “applied” business problem. The goal of this section is to encourage readers to continue reading, to generate interest in the study, and provide an initial frame of reference for understanding the entire research framework.
The Background” can be effectively accomplished in no more than one page; brevity and clarity is essential. The “Review of the Literature” will provide a more detailed discussion on the literature pertaining to the topic/problem. Immersing your self in the literature on your topic/problem is crucial to uncovering a viable business problem. Do not underestimate the importance of the literature in aiding identifying a viable business problem.
The research topic is broad in nature; do not narrow the focus to quickly. You want to give the reader, especially those not familiar with the topic, time to get familiar with the topic. Transition the reader to a more a concise presentation of the specific business topic/problem under study. This component focuses on identifying why the study is important, how the study relates to previous research on the topic/problem, and Background
Text begins here. The purpose of the background is to introduce the topic and problem you will address. You want to briefly indicate why the problem deserves new research. More important, the doc study must address applied research so you will want to identify the need to solve an “applied” business problem. The goal of this section is to encourage readers to continue reading, to generate interest in the study, and provide an initial frame of reference for understanding the entire research framework.
The Background” can be effectively accomplished in no more than one page; brevity and clarity is essential. The “Review of the Literature” will provide a more detailed discussion on the literature pertaining to the topic/problem. Immersing your self in the literature on your topic/problem is crucial to uncovering a viable business problem. Do not underestimate the importance of the literature in aiding identifying a viable business problem.
The research topic is broad in nature; do not narrow the focus to quickly. You want to give the reader, especially those not familiar with the topic, time to get familiar with the topic. Transition the reader to a more a concise presentation of the specific business topic/problem under study. This component focuses on identifying why the study is important, how the study relates to previous research on the topic/problem, and Background
Text begins here. The purpose of the background is to introduce the topic and problem you will address. You want to briefly indicate why the problem deserves new research. More important, the doc study must address applied research so you will want to identify the need to solve an “applied” business problem. The goal of this section is to encourage readers to continue reading, to generate interest in the study, and provide an initial frame of reference for understanding the entire research framework.
The Background” can be effectively accomplished in no more than one page; brevity and clarity is essential. The “Review of the Literature” will provide a more detailed discussion on the literature pertaining to the topic/problem. Immersing your self in the literature on your topic/problem is crucial to uncovering a viable business problem. Do not underestimate the importance of the literature in aiding identifying a viable business problem.
The research topic is broad in nature; do not narrow the focus to quickly. You want to give the reader, especially those not familiar with the topic, time to get familiar with the topic. Transition the reader to a more a concise presentation of the specific business topic/problem under study. This component focuses on identifying why the study is important, how the study relates to previous research on the topic/problem, and gives the reader a firm sense of what your study is going to address and why. Include a transition statement that leads to problem statement that will provide more specificity regarding the problem.
A well-written transition signals a change in content. It tells your reader that they have finished one main unit and moving to the next, or it tells them that they are moving from a general explanation to a specific example or application. A transition form the background to the Problem Statement is often as brief as one sentence, as follows: The background to the problem has been provided: The focus will now shift to the problem statement. Tip: Many potential business topics/problems can be found in the “Area for Future Research” section of most peer reviewed journal articles.

Page 3

Problem Statement
Text goes here: The problem statement must include four specific components to include the (a) hook, (b) anchor, (c) general business problem, and (d) specific business problem. More important, ensure the problem statement reflects a business problem. You must ensure you map to the rubric requirements. Please review the training video developed by the DBA methodology team before you rework your problem statement. It will help add clarity and save you time. This is the most critical component of the doctoral study and will be highly scrutinized in the review process.

Although the rubric states a maximum word count of 150, the Problem Statement can be effectively written in four sentences; one for each of the four specific components. Do not include any explanatory, prescriptive, or causative information. Often times individuals try to explain the cause of the problem, correlates of the problem, antecedents of the problem, moderators and mediators of the problem, etc. This is not appropriate for the Problem Statement; simply state the problem! The Problem Statement is a concise depiction of the problem. However, it carries a big message; that of substantiating the need for the study.

Page 4

Purpose Statement
Text begins here. The Purpose Statement of the study clearly describes the intent/focus of the investigation. The statement should be crafted into a mini story (200 words) that includes the following six elements (in paragraph format):
• Research method is identified as qualitative, quantitative, or mixed.
• Research design is clearly stated (i.e. case study, phenomenological, etc.).
• Research variables (if a quantitative or mixed method) are briefly identified: independent, dependent (experimental study), or a correlation (relationships, comparison).
• Specific population group of study is identified.
• Geographic location of study is identified.
• Contribution to social change is described.

Page 5

Research Question
Text begins here. Identify the research question that will guide the study. Do not include interview questions in this section.
Theoretical or Conceptual Framework
Text begins here. In quantitative studies, the theoretical framework, or in qualitative studies, the conceptual framework, illustrates which ideas from the literature ground the research being conducted. You will be presenting your conceptual framework. Theoretical/conceptual frameworks are bodies of knowledge that help to explain and predict phenomena and show how the study will be related to existing knowledge. Some sample conceptual frameworks include (a) systems theory, (b) disruptive innovation theory, and (c) transformational leadership theory. Be sure to (a) name the conceptual framework (b) name the theorist (if applicable), (c) list key concepts of the conceptual framework, (d) identify any key propositions, and (e) identify application to your study.
Significance of the Study
Text begins here. Discuss why the study is of value to business. Discuss how the study may contribute to effective practice of business. Identify how the results might contribute to social change.

page 6

References
Insert References here. Examples of some common types of references follow; see APA 6.22 and Chapter 7 for more details.
These sample entries are tagged with the “APA Reference” style tag, which means the line spacing and hanging indent are automatic. Apply the “APA Reference” style tag to your entries.
Pay special attention to italics, capitalization, and punctuation. The style tag does not govern those aspects of the entry.
Print periodical (journal)

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (1994). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, xxx-xxx.
Online periodical (journal)
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (1994). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx(x), xxx-xxx. doi:xxxxx
Nonperiodical (book)

Author, A. A. (1994). Title of work. City of Publication, ST: Publisher.
Chapter in a book

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (1994). Title of chapter. In A. Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. xxx-xxx). City, ST: Publisher.
****the assignment should be a total of 8 to 9 pages !!!
rubic ( will be attaching it shortly)

The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, sixth edition, Chapter 7 includes numerous examples of reference list entries. For more information on references or APA style, consult the APA website or the Walden Writing Center website

SAMPLE ANSWER

Abstract

In the recent past, there has been an increase in the multigenerational workforce and this has complicated communication in the workforce. This qualitative paper explores the strategies that managers use to explore and motivate a multigenerational workforce. This study will employ the use of qualitative study with the use of the case study to analyze the research question related to communication in multigenerational workforce. The results from this study are important for businesses as it will be used to contribute to social change by increasing productivity and workplace communications.

Background

According to Armstrong (2008), human resource is an important aspect in the management of any organization due to the fact that they have a direct impact on the success of the business or organization. Therefore, it is important to recognize the significant impact played by the HRM. Innovation in the human resource management in the recent past has called for further studies that can be used to improve the nature of workplace (Brown, 2012). Globalization of business organization has therefore enacted policy issues and has brought more people that differ in their generational background. Expanding generational differing qualities is bringing on requesting for a change in the way by which the superintendents must deal with their HR (Jora & Khan, 2014). The current working environment is experiencing critical changes that present open doors and difficulties in equivalent measure. According to Brown (2012), one of the difficulties realized multi-generational workforce is correspondence among the diverse age fragments. The current American multi-generational workforce compasses four eras, with each having their own particular perspectives and needs. Accordingly, the chief of today confronts a progression of difficulties that debilitate the smooth running of their associations (Jora & Khan, 2014). In such manner, just associations that grasp generational contrasts in correspondence, methods for accomplishing things and methods for correspondence are certain to flourish.

Past studies have majorly taken a gander at methods for drawing in a multigenerational workforce, without narrowing down to the specifics, for example, correspondence. Compelling correspondence among the multigenerational workforce is discriminating in captivating the different representatives and guaranteeing that they are centered around their outcomes (Hiriyappa, 2009). The past homogenous human capital administration may not work successfully for the current various partners in the working environment (Rajput, Marwah, Balli, & Gupta, 2013). Correspondence give the methods by which execution desires are situated, connections created, coordinated effort are empowered, and trust develops inside a multigenerational workforce. Cekada (2012) contends that striking the right adjust among the workers is key in guaranteeing that the needs of every last one of representatives are met.

This study will inspect how the correspondence among the multigenerational workforce can be a test and what could be possible to address the circumstance. This study is exceptionally huge in as it will empower the associations to handle the correspondence weight from among the multigenerational workforce, which has a tendency to grow with time. In addition, this study will give vital bits of knowledge by which the administration can influence the quality of every era of their human capital to exploit their multigenerational workforce.

Problem Statement

In the work places many generations have been working side by side inclusive of the younger and older generations that have resulted in the establishment of the middle generations that holds most of the management roles and the older generations. This older generations is inclusive of executives who are 30 and 40years in their own careers (Whitacre, 2007). The distinction of all the age groups are evident in their own generational differences and if not highly considered they are supposed to put high considerations to reduce any friction that results from misunderstanding between colleagues and bosses.

Baby boomers, generation W and generation X all sit in the same office under the new modern work places implying that there is no great difference between this age and past years (Soto & Lugo, 2013). Generation W is comprised of people who are quickly approaching college age and within no time they will be approaching the age of the working class and thus will mean that generation office will be the new norm. The integration of the new workers is the challenge that has to be put in higher considerations of ensuring that the best is done with the respect to the seniority and experience to the older generation that has more experience in the field. Once the new generation joins the workforce they will require a period of adapting to the job filed which becomes a challenge to the older generation who have to show them the required techniques that ought to be employed in the workforce to the success of the organization.

Communication style is what brings the difference between the two generations that is the younger generation that is now new in the job field and the older generation who have been in the field for a longer time and with high experience about work (Brown, 2012). The younger generation tend to use another form of communication that involves abbreviations, informal language and the colloquialisms that need to be seriously be broken down for better understanding. In some organizations the older workers are accustomed to communicating and this happens with high formality that has to be followed to the latter.

Purpose Statement

Due to increased multigenerational workforce, the general problem is that each generation has a unique and preferred communication/motivational style that challenge the leaders and the supervisors of multigenerational workforce. The main focus of the study is to determine how communication can be a challenge within the multigenerational workforce and what needs to be done to improve the situation. A survey methodology that employs the use of case study can best be used to answer the research questions related to communication in a multigenerational workforce. The focus of this qualitative multi-case study is to explore strategies that managers use to motivate a multigenerational workforce and remove the barrier that may be presented by the multigenerational workforce. For the purposes of this study, data will be collected from 3HR managers within New York City. The data and the result from this study might greatly contribute to the social change by increasing communication and the overall productivity within the multigenerational workforce environment.

A case study is an examination that contains an oral, archival, and discretionary source-based relic of past or present marvels. Right when associated with a study, relevant examination investigation or procedures will get to the sort sources and frameworks that are open, especially in a way that the method has been gotten to some social science examinations. Case study gives an intentional strategy for looking at events, data collection, and information examination, reporting of the researched report. The result of the technique will help the examiner to secure sharp learned utmost of why the event happened as it did, and what may get the chance to be basic to investigate at more broadly later on investigation. Another proposition is that case study can be seen as an examination approach, an exploratory solicitation that examines a sensation inside its real setting. Exactly when depicting the context oriented investigation, a couple of examiners battle that the unit of examination is the most essential point of view for the circumstance study ensuing to independent from focusing on a social event or individuals; it tends to focus on the system or technique for movement.

Research Question

The communication style can be used by the leaders and supervisors who work in a multigenerational workforce has not been fully established. The ability of the people in the multigenerational workforce to enhance their communication is very important as it will enhance proper relationships and improve the productivity of the workforce.

Theoretical or Conceptual Framework

Social constructionists

Social constructionists, also known as symbolic interactionism, is a theory that considers communication as a perfect transaction of message that comes from the sender to the receiver as a product of information sharing and creation of social meaning. The social constructionist theory argues that how somebody says something determines the meaning of the message by assuming that the ideas are constructed though the social process. It can also be viewed as a constructivist view that that involves an ongoing process that symbolically forms and reforms personal identities involved in the communication process. The social constructionist theory sees communication as a robotic and computer like since it is seen as a transmission model from one medium to another. The constructionist view provides a more realistic view of communication by involving a proper interaction of people through sharing of ideas regarding a particular question. According to social constructionist theory, the human communication occurs in electronic form that doesn’t behave as bits in electronic stream, but more like an electric current that runs from one person to another involved in the communication process.

Social learning theory

The theory of social planning is a social learning theory that is as well referred to as the applied social learning theory when developing interventions to motivate all the farmers who are determined in farming issues. This is aimed at reducing seed sowing, nitrogen fertilizer that should be applied and the insecticides that will later be applied in the soil to improve the soil fertility (Hiriyappa, 2009). This type of theory mainly stresses on the importance of observational learning, all the imitations that have to employ for use in the working sector and the media effects on human behavior that has to be followed in the organization to ensure that codes and ethics are well followed. This theory as well explains that through social modeling any worker in the organization or even outside the organization they are in a better position of adapting to any type of behavior that they need to adapt to. It encourages awareness and high expectations of the future that have to be reinforced or punishments that will be affecting the management through the impacts that it brings to the individuals. Extrinsic factors have to be highly be employed for use in changing all the individual behaviors to ensure that they behave accordingly for the success of the organization. However, new behavior is also learned through learning how the rest people conduct’s themselves in the right way that will be impressive to all. The younger generation tend to use another form of communication that involves abbreviations, informal language and the colloquialisms that need to be seriously be broken down for better understanding. In some organizations the older workers are accustomed to communicating and this happens with high formality that has to be followed to the latter.

Behavioral theory

Theory of planned behavior is applicable in developing the campaign approach and media materials with the aim of driving strategic communication campaign framework to understand how the individual’s behavior ought to be promoted in the right way.  This theory works hand in hand with the theory of planned behavior that asserts the intentions to perform certain behavior that is advocated for use in the organization. The attitude of a certain individual is what asserts the intention to behave in a certain way that is needed in the organization. This theory has helped in controlling the norms that were employed for use by the individuals that led to controlling the health matters in the organization (Cekada, 2012). Health campaigns have been reported to be successful through this theory; since, it ensured that people were made aware to ensure that they determine, which type of diseases contribute to the certain behavior that is evident in employees. This helps them in making a good decision that will give them the chance to make good analysis and increase their knowledge in handling matters that arise ahead. This theory help in explaining why some media campaigns have limited success and give a solution on what need to be done to ensure this problem is improved to the right standards.  In some organizations the older workers are accustomed to communicating and this happens with high formality that has to be followed to the latter.

Significance of the Study

This study has a lot of business significance as it will greatly transform the manner in which people view the multigenerational workforce. This study has the potential of improving workplace productivity by increasing job satisfaction among the multigenerational workforce. Employees feel empowered if they if they appreciate their multigenerational differences in the context of communication between them. The smoothness of communication flow is very important to workers since employees feel secure when they are able to receive truthful and updated information from their bosses and their co-workers (Hiriyapa, 2009). The future of the company is guaranteed if everything is communicated in the right way and in the right channels across the multigenerational workforce. Enhanced communication skills will help to reduce the barriers within the multigenerational workforce and enhance understanding among the general workers. The generational differences requires proper understanding among the difference age groups segments as will be highlighted by this research. This study enhances the ability of an organization to offer enhanced job satisfaction, team building, increased commitment and loyalty that an organization needs to improve the productivity of its workers. The ability of an organization to enhance their human resources will enable to move forward and increase on their competitive ability.

References

Brown, S. E. (2012). Attracting, challenging, and leading a multigenerational workforce-A perspective. Frontiers of Health Services Management, 29(1), 29-33.

Cekada, T. L. (2012). Training a multigenerational workforce. Professional Safety, 57(3), 40-44.

Hiriyappa, B 2009, Organizational Behavior, New Age International, New Delhi.

Rajput, N., Marwah, P., Balli, R., & Gupta, M. (2013). International Journal of Marketing and Technology, 3(2), 132-149.

Armstrong, M 2008, Strategic Human Resource Management : A Guide To Action, London: Kogan Page, eBook Collection (EBSCOhost), EBSCOhost, viewed 31 December 2014

Cahill, Terrence F,E.D.D., F.A.C.H.E., & Sedrak, Mona,P.H.D., P.A. (2012). Leading a multigenerational workforce: Strategies for attracting and retaining millennials. Frontiers of Health Services Management, 29(1), 3-15.

Cekada, T. L. (2012). Training a multigenerational workforce. Professional Safety, 57(3), 40-44.

Jora, R. B., & Khan, S. (2014). Motivating multigenerational human resource. International Journal of Organizational Behaviour & Management Perspectives, 3(4), 1276-1281.

Rajput, N., Marwah, P., Balli, R., & Gupta, M. (2013). Managing Multigenerational Workforce: Challenge For Millennium Managers. International Journal of Marketing and Technology, 3(2), 132-149.

Soto, M. Y., & Lugo, M. V. (2013). Multigenerational differences in the puerto rican workforce. The Journal of Business Diversity, 13(1), 65-82.  http://www.na-businesspress.com/JBD/soto_abstract.html

Whitacre, T. (2007). Managing a multigenerational workforce. Quality Progress, 40(12), 67.

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Historical foundation of Japan Essay Paper

Historical foundation of Japan
Historical foundation of Japan

Historical foundation of Japan

Order Instructions:

Identify three national institutions in Japan, and respond to the following:
•What is the historical foundation of Japan?
•How Japan’s national culture, institutions, ethics, and values influence its HRM practices?

SAMPLE ANSWER

Historical foundation of Japan

The cases of homicide around the world clearly indicate that many criminals choose murder as the definitive means and way of resolving conflicts. According to reports, 65 percent of homicidal cases have been cleared over the past years, a factor that proves how this crime is an escape route for criminals. In order to assist various law enforcement departments to raise their clearance rates, it was significant that an efficient approach to solve these vices was developed (Carroll, & Rothe, 2014).

This database was created in 1985 and has over the years seen the success in over 85,000 cases of investigation. The Criminal Apprehension Program (ViCAP) is a web-based database instrument that helps law enforcers and their agencies to link cases of sexual assaults, homicides, unidentified human remains and missing persons with the aim of helping the police units to coordinate communication approaches and investigate the roots of the crimes.

The database is always maintained by the FBI. The cases information that are submitted to the ViCAP is always maintained in the national database and in the event of a case, this information’s are compared to other sources that exist in the database with the aim of identifying the similarities. These case submissions are in many occasions analyzed by crime analysts though a formulated analytical skill that is informed and educated on such crimes (Carroll, & Rothe, 2014). This paper therefore seeks to incorporate the ViCAP web-based database system into the investigative measures of a law enforcing agency called Link Unit.

Mission, Goals and Objectives

Regardless of the size or structure of an intelligence unit, such urgencies need to have their mission statements, goals and objectives that support and monitor the growth of their efforts. It is against this background that Link Unit developed the mentioned goals, mission and objectives of the urgency (Greenall, 2012). The Link Unit in its mission to incorporate the ViCAP program into its approaches intends to provide the law officers aligned with the functions of intelligence the opportunity to incorporate guiding principles that details itself in the collection, analysis, and disbursement of crime investigations within the community.

These aspects can only be achieved in the event that intelligence is blended and weaved with the ViCAP program and a stronger relationship is built within the community with the intention of fighting crime and atrocities. It is also significant that the institutionalization and sharing of information is a significant factor that can be applied by Link Unit with the objective of mitigating crimes (Greenall, 2012). This program will also ensure that structures are established to fight the crime rates and encourage the community to consider making the law enforcers a better part of them.

To achieve our missions, goals and objectives, Link Unit will also ensure that trainings are provided for its officers on the use of this program to and how to carefully analyze reported cases of homicides and sexual assaults and to ensure that the criminals who commit these offences do not walk Scott free. Link unit also takes the challenge of liaising with other neighboring agencies within the criminal intelligence network. Link Units objective revolves around actively participating in the sharing of intelligent information and receiving intelligence outcomes through the use of ViCAP programs, and which will be used to enhance the initiatives ability to cab instances of crime and mitigate its prevalence’s (Kraemer, Lord, & Heilbrun, 2004).

 Role of Analysis within the Department

Analysis is used by law enforcement agencies in gathering information/evidence and reviewing such information to establish and reconstruct crime. Analysis is described as the logical thought process that is incorporated in the application of data and finding about a crime investigation (Kraemer, et.al). In the event that a crime has occurred, it is significant that information is collected through the asking of questions or through the execution of a search warrant. During this time, ideas and hypothesis are developed, a factor that places the analysts with the role of gathering the information,

Analysis therefore begins with the identification of a problem, summarizing and a synthesizing the information, and also detailing the data received until an investigation is concluded. The role of analysis varies from agency to agency with the sole responsibility of making summaries to discover the facts behind an incident, and develop investigative plans that can be followed by investigators (Kraemer, et.al). In other agencies, analysts are capable of providing investigators with the assessments of an unfolding issue which in turn gives them the direction of how to manage a crime incident. Other agencies also use analysis to support experts with information in the court.

Analysis remains a part of any agencies policing and approach and has lasted for quite a time to say. The process of analysis has evolved from pin mapping to a comparative system that gives data tables, from the use of analytical patterns to user interfaces and eventually to sophisticated analysis such as ViCAP (Papachristos, & Wildeman, 2014). The law enforcement system uses analysis in different approaches with the aim of responding to crime.

With the constant cases of sexual assaults and homicides, it has been important to employ robust intelligent and analytic approaches within the function of the state law. Today, the analytic functions vary from an agency to another and base its approaches on the needs of the organization. The enforcement of analysis has proved it effectiveness within the rural and urban jurisdictions since it offers tactical and strategic analysis of various functions within an agency.

According to Papachristos & Wildeman, the current exponential growth in technology and the consequential expansion of informative approaches, the increase in analytic capacity still remains the most important resource for criminal justice in America (Papachristos, & Wildeman, 2014). Agencies such as the Link Unit now have the opportunity to invest in an increased analytic capacity that goes an extra mile than the usual use of data that gives an analysis of the past and current crime trends. Such organs also have a role to play in creating an efficient and effective policing strategy that makes work easy within the law enforcement agencies.

Staffing

Link Unit staffing approach entails an approach where the staff members provide support in the wide range of cases inclusive but not limited to sexual assaults and homicides that are geographically scattered. The staff member of Link Unit also will be responsible for the provision on-site and time sensitive support to the team of managers and the investigative unit on the complex cases that are received from the society. The staff member will be obligated in providing case consultations for the active, new, and cold cases through conference calls, videos calls on Skype among other media platforms (Ratcliffe, 2012). The staffs in the Link Unit will have a coordinator to whom they will liaise with in considering activities that may attract a potential threat to the society

Within the Link Unit will be a team of patrol officers and detectives. Some studies reveal that the patrol officers have the responsibilities over the clearance of cases lies within the confines of the patrol police since they arrive first at the crime scenes, conduct short and precise interviews and determine if the evidences presented can affect an arrest (Ratcliffe, 2012). In contrast to this, the detectives at Link Unit will be solely responsible for the processing of paperwork through the ViCAP systems and also interact with suspects, who are identified by the patrol officers.

It is imperative to realize that the patrol officers are in disposal of the citizenship information which would aid them in identifying the prime suspects, and are credited with the sole responsibility of arresting such victims (Ratcliffe, 2012). It is out of this that the Link Unit intends to incorporate both the detectives and the patrol offices in the clearing of cases giving the fact that they both have the ability to carry out follow-up investigative measures into the closure of cases.

Procedures

Link Unit intends to develop approaches of monitoring and giving detailed information from its database in order to ease the course of a case involving sexual assault and homicide. Link Unit will carry out its functions as a law enforcing agency by managing the cases that are brought to its knowledge within the region of operation (Ratcliffe, 2012). The agency will undertake procedures of case management with the aim of offering police reports and other detailed information on which prosecution will be determined and based. Link Unit envisions incorporating a team based approach in investigating homicide and sexual assault cases.

With the departments lead investigators, the agency also has an analytical officer, two o whom are responsible in the running of the cases until completion. The supervisors within the unit are responsible in handling the files of an investigation that ensures that there is accuracy in the findings of an investigation throughout the process. The detectives from this unit will be responding to homicides in a team that is well vast in providing support to endure that the investigations are handled by highly trained and focused personnel for better results (Salfati, & Bateman, 2005).

Through the agencies database, documents and data will be disseminated and organized pertaining to cases, and also track the subsequent aspects of an investigation from the beginning to the end through the use of the ViCAP system. The agencies team of investigators will be responsible for the collection of information from the crime scenes by recording the statements presented in the scene. The information will then be housed in the agencies systems in order to trace the evidences of an activity (Salfati, & Bateman, 2005). The information is then organized and presented to the investigating team for the continuity of the case. Through this, the agencies systems can facilitate steady clearance of homicidal cases.

Training;

Recent studies have revealed the low homicidal clearance rates that result from several factors including the availability of fire arms, infusion of drugs within the environment and the increment of case loads that result from decreased manpower. In order to clear homicidal rates it is therefore significant that intensive training programs are incorporated in Link Unit agencies. Incorporating the program would require that the personnel responsible engage in a 10 week formalized kind of training (Salfati, & Bateman, 2005). These trainings are basically geared towards equipping the officers in this unit with the fundamental approaches of investigating death cases.

The trainings will also incorporate the basic methods of carrying out crime investigations, with the personnel assigned under the supervision of highly experienced team of investigators who will be responsible for the provision of trainings. The detectives will then be partnered with other investigators in order to help them apply the knowledge received from the trainings until it reaches a stage where they can work alone. Homicide detectives therefore need thorough trainings and should also go through periodic trainings with the objective of upgrading their skills within the job capacity (Wright, 2013). It is therefore important to point out that the Link Unit uses training as an enrichment opportunity in training its detectives.

Expected Products

Link Unit expects to incorporate a good working relationship with the attorneys within the region that will foster a collaborative effort between the attorney and the team of investigators. The attorneys’ will be involved in responding to calls on the homicide scenes with a team of investigators from the unit. This will allow the prosecutor to have an idea about a crime scene and in this okay an investigation into the happenings. The unit also plans to open its doors to the media who will receive information from its database with the aim of helping in the investigative measures (Wright, 2013).

The Unit also expects to build a strong case management system that has the capacity to structure and organize the investigators and the unit itself. It is also important to mention that through the Link Units system, the agency intends to provide access to other law enforcing agencies that can use the automated investigative tools to advance their investigative efforts. Participation in research is also another significant element that will ensure that programs are developed to decrease instances of sexual assaults and homicides through the reduction of the antecedents of these cases (Wright, 2013).  Through this, the homicide investigative units will be able to examine and complete crime cases within the jurisdictions of the unit in the region.

Conclusion

The Criminal Apprehension Program (ViCAP) is a web-based database instrument that helps law enforcers and their agencies to link cases of sexual assaults, homicides, unidentified human remains and missing persons with the aim of helping the police units to coordinate communication approaches and investigate the roots of the crimes with the objective of finding the actual information that can be used during the prosecution.

These aspects can only be achieved in the event that intelligence is blended and weaved with the ViCAP program and a stronger relationship is built within the community with the intention of fighting crime and atrocities. It is also significant that the institutionalization and sharing of information is a significant factor that can be applied by Link Unit with the objective of mitigating crimes.

Bibliography

Bebenroth, R., & Kanai, T. (2010). Challenges of Human Resource management in Japan. New York: Routledge Publishing Press.

Kasegawa, H., & Noronha, C. (2014). Asian Business and Management: Theory, Practice, and Perspectives. New York: Palgrave Macmillan Press.

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Program Outcome Measure Tool Assignment

Program Outcome Measure Tool
Program Outcome Measure Tool

Program Outcome Measure Tool

Order Instructions:

Program Outcome Measure Tool

Due May 04, 11:59 PM
Not Submitted
POINTS 10

Practice/Simulation/Homework/Game

Objectives: 2.3

Instructions
Assignment Files
Grading

Create a program outcome measure tool using the program selected for the Learning Team Evaluation Plan assignment. The following are just some ideas, but you can be creative:
•Pre- and post-questionnaire
•Quiz
•Worksheet

Write a 350- to 700-word paper describing the following:
•Identify the program outcome your tool will address
•Describe how the tool created will be used to collect data to measure the program outcome
•Provide rationale and support as to why this tool was selected
The learning team evaluation plan program is crisis intervention teams (CIT) the audience is law enforcement dealing with mental illness. There are several websites that address this issue. Two current references

SAMPLE ANSWER

Law enforcement on mentally ill patient

In their work, law enforcers should treat mental patients specially. The group is at a risk of being abused following their uncontrolled behavior attributed to their impaired mental status. Lacey indicated that jailed people with mental complications in Los Angeles for instance, constitute 17%of the jailed county’s men population and 24% of the women population (Cordner, 2014, Pg. 92).  Lamb and Wigner reported that approximately 10% of prisoners in American jails are severely mentally impaired (Cordner2005, Pg. 245). Mental patients are more likely to break laws as compared to normal people. Extra consideration is therefore necessary before their jailing to avoid unfair treatment.

Reports from police indicated that the rate of involvement of mental patients in unlawful activities was high necessitating the development of initiatives such as the CIT. As Sewell wrote, establishment of crises centers to enhance handling of mentally ill crime suspects was a good move in addressing the situation (Sewell, 2015, Pg. 67). CIT program was developed to intervene on the way law enforcement bodies act when dealing with the mentally incapacitated. The program educates the police and the public on ways of recognizing, and assisting mental patients. Due to their hostile tendencies, mentally ill patients often face discrimination by both the police and the public.

The program incorporates voluntary members from police patrol departments as the University of Memphis illustrated. The institution further explained that CIT extends to other stakeholders such as psychiatric health care providers, resulting in ultimate mutual benefit between the different parties. Police officers enrolled on the program possess extra skills on handling the mentally handicapped.

Outcome of CIT in Law Enforcement for Psychiatric Patients

Law enforcers dealing with psychiatric patients offer the best audience in the study to evaluate the achievements of the CIT program. In the study, the enforcers are expected to give their experiences in dealing with mental patients, before and after undergoing through the program. Issues in a study on the outcome of CIT would include the following:

  • The effectiveness of CIT in improving the patient-police interactions. The program equips the police with extra skills in handling people with mental disorders. A change could therefore have resulted in the way the parties interact after the application of the method. A record of incidences of endangerment of either patty would form a good basis for the assessment of how the program influenced the interaction.
  • The contribution of CIT toward improved services for the mental patients. The program was designed to harmonize various stakeholders involved in the care for the patients. The effect of the program on the provision of health care and housing facilities among other services to the challenged group would be useful in evaluating its success.
  • Involvement of psychiatric patients in crime before and after the CIT took effect. Development of the program was motivated by displeasing tendencies of psychiatric patients to indulge in unlawful activities. Comparison of statistical data about involvement of the patients in crime would help evaluate the outcome of the program.

Collection of data through a precise test offers a convenient way of evaluating the success of CIT. Data from the test would give an impression on the effectiveness of the program. The test should constitute questions that are tied to the objectives of the CIT program. The researcher may then use the results of the test to conclude on the outcome of CIT.

Test

  1. Are there improvements in the way police and psychiatric patients interact? Cite incidences of hostility, where either patty was endangered.
  2. Has care provision on mental patient been made easier after application of CIT? Cite any improvement you have noticed from your research.
  3. Do you think that CIT has enabled the police tackle criminal cases involving mental patients more efficiently? Give evidence.
  4. Research on how statistics compare on the involvement of mental patient in crime, before and after institution of CIT.
  5. Do you think CIT offers a good method of law enforcement among the mentally ill population? Support your view with evidence.

References

Cordner, G., (2015). People with Mental Illness.Center for Problem-Oriented Policing. Retrieved April 30, 2015 from http://www.popcenter.org/problems/mental_illness/print/

Sewell, A., (2014). Police need more Training to Deal with Mentally Ill, L.A. County Told. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved from http://www.latimes.com/local/countygovernment/la-me-1030-mental-health-20141030-story.html

University of Memphis.(n.d.) CIT Center: A Resource for CIT Programs across the Nation. Retrieved April 30, 2015 from http://cit.memphis.edu/

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Can one belief system fit all situations?

Can one belief system fit all situations?
Can one belief system fit all situations?

Can one belief system fit all situations?

Order Instructions:

See attachment.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Part 1: Can one belief system fit all situations?

Mostly, not all leaders attain the desired results when they come across scenarios that need a variety of decisions to be made. Usually, managers depend on common leadership techniques that operate well in a certain set of circumstances but fail when used in others. According to the organizational theory and practice, a particular level of order and predictability exists in the world. Therefore, circumstances keep changing, and as they become more sophisticated, the usual simplifications may fail. For this reason, good leadership does not entertain a one-size-fits-all proposition.

If I were to choose one belief system to live by all situations I would choose utilitarianism. This is because utilitarianism offers a straightforward method for deciding the moral right course of an action in any scenario I may find myself in.

However, this belief system can fail me at certain times. For instance, the computers and laptops in the first floor of WEGA Technologies Company can be stolen. During the incidence Gerald, a senior computer technologist in WEGA Technologies Company, could be in his office located in the third floor of the premises carrying out finishing touches on a software he has been developing. Therefore, he may be linked to the theft.  As the manager who believes in utilitarianism, I am expected to choose what is best for the company such as firing Gerald. However, this could be a grave injustice especially if Gerald is innocent.

Part 2:

For me, giving employees priority before profits is an ethical thing to do. During the 1995 burn, Aaron Feuerstein would have cashed in his fire insurance payment and enjoy his luxury in Florida. Also, he could have  moved his business to a market with cheap labour as most textiles industries had done. However, Feuerstein found it right to care for his workers who had always been loyal to him. I do not think he was doing a wrong thing. Caring for people instead of net worth and personal interests is a virtue that most managers in the world have tried to embrace but with little success (Sellnow, Seeger & Ulmer, 2011, Pg. 216). As a reward for his exceptional ethical virtue, the sales and the productivity of a company increased. I do not think currently the world has Feuerstein-like leaders. Most of our leaders are corrupt. They readily cease each corruption opportunity that comes their way and benefit themselves.

References

Sellnow, T. L., Seeger, M. W., & Ulmer, R. R. (2011). Effective crisis communication: Moving from crisis to opportunity. Thousand Oaks: SAGE.   https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/effective-crisis-communication/book246198

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United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child

United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child

The Raise;United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNHCR)

Order Instructions:

In “The Raise” scenario, you were asked to construct arguments in favor of getting a raise. Using the knowledge you gained from the “The Raise” scenario, pick something that you are passionate about and create an argument, either inductive or deductive, to present your strongest position on that issue. Present your argument in premise-conclusion form. View the following human rights videos listed under this week’s required multimedia:
Gem Slaves: Tanzanite’s child labour – Part – 1
Why women count video clip collection: Southeast Asia, Pacific, Caribbean, Latin America
Children and human rights, part 1: Rights & wrongs – Human rights television
Child labor, part 1: Rights & wrongs – Human rights television
Focus your analysis on a specific contemporary human rights issue. You can use an issue from these videos or use what you learn in these videos to address another specific issue that is of interest to you.

SAMPLE ANSWER

In 1989, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNHCR) was founded to protect children’s rights. This convention has been one of the most widely ratified treaty in the world. The treaty takes into account basic health and welfare, education, rights and freedoms, and a child’s family surroundings (Dubbink & Van, 2011, Pg. 203). The episode Child labour- Rights and Wrongs highlights the system of child labor and the movements that have been established to counter it.

Rarely, children are subjected to one form of abuse at a time. For a long time, physical abuse has been a standard element of domestic life in countries such as Australia. Currently, incidences of domestic violence subjected on children or women have remained epidemic proportions.  Studies have indicated that quite a number of  children have been bitten, kicked, burned, scalded, or even attacked and threatened with a knife or gun by their caregivers (Epps, 2012, Pg. 76). Most of the parents or guardians that commit these forms of abuse are associated with emotional impairment, drug and substance abuse or have a history of childhood abuse.

These children find it difficult to relate to their peers and adults around them. The threat of violence at their place of residence makes them perpetually mistrustful and consistently vigilant. They become aggressive in their attempt to determine and keep control of other people’s behaviour. Continuous violence causes anxiety, depression, and low-self esteem to set in.

The good news is that community attitudes to child abuse are now changing for the better. Some countries such as Australia have made the campaign against child abuse to be an uphill task. It has failed to prevent violence against children and to commit to legislative reform. It is, therefore, of great importance that countries recognize that children occupy a unique position in the society; they hold the future of the community. Thus, they should be accorded paramount care and protection

References

Epps, G. (2012). Wrong and dangerous: Ten right-wing myths about our constitution. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Dubbink, W., & Van, L. L. (2011). European business ethics cases in context: The morality of corporate decision making. Dordrecht [etc.: Springer. 203

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Fallacies Essay Assignment Help Available

Fallacies
                      Fallacies

Fallacies

Order Instructions:

One rich source of fallacies is the media: television, radio, magazines, and the Internet. The arguments you experience in your daily life (work, family, shopping) are another source of fallacies. Identify three distinct informal logical fallacies you have experienced in the media or in your life. Explain how the fallacies were used and the context in which they occurred. Then, explain what the person presenting the fallacy should have done to ensure that he or she was not committing a logical error.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Fallacies are part and paercel of every days life. Each day, were are presented with arguments from the mainstream media and colleagues whose premises fail to satisfactorily support a proposed conclusion. An informal fallacy in an argument stems from poor reasoning/logic that renders conclusions that are unfounded or unpersuasive (Mouritsen, 2010).

Appeal to authority fallacy

This type of fallacy is committed when people argue that, simplify because the authorities support a certain course of action or something, it must be true. In other words, if an authority rejects/attacks something, that something must be wrong or untrue. Authorities/ experts can disagree. For instance, consider a trial where each side is required to bring an expert. The experts are bought and therefore, they will make assertions based on the payments they receive from their clients (people or corporations) and not what they believe is true. Sad enough, some authorities/experts may not really be experts in certain pertinent fields. Such “professors of nothing” negatively influence the credibility of arguments hence creating informal fallacies (Mouritsen, 2010).

Dr. Stanley is a PhD professor: he is obviously highly educated, so a student should believe when he says that Hitter didn’t deliberately execute millions of Jews. (Prof. Stanley is a professor in chemical engineering, not history). To eliminate the logical errors in his arguments, the professor needs to familiarize himself with some basic history knowledge.

Appeal to believe                                                                                               

This informal fallacy is committed either explicitly or implicitly when something is believed to be true by “most” people. Because they believe something is true, it must be true. For instance, if according to a recent research by Harris poll, 90 % of the people in the U.S believe in miracles, so we conclude that miracles occur (Mouritsen, 2010). To reduce the commitment of this fallacy, people should question their believes.

Appeal of ignorance fallacy

It’s committed when people fail to prove that something is not true. Many people believe that if they are unable to prove something false, then that something must be true and vice versa (Mouritsen, 2010). For instance, my roommate believes in ghosts because nobody has ever proved that they don’t exist. To eliminate this fallacy, the roommate should carry a personal research on the myth of ghosts.

Reference

Mouritsen, S. C. (2010). The dictionary is not a fortress: Definitional fallacies and a corpus-based approach to plain meaning.Brigham Young University Law Review, 2010(5), 1915-1979. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/866207951?accountid=45049

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Mathematical problems Assignment Help

Mathematical problems
          Mathematical problems

Mathematical problems

Order Instructions:

My student number is some of the problem require the last 2 digits of the student number

SAMPLE ANSWER

Question 1

  • For point B:

Within point in a stressed body, there exist three mutually perpendicular planes and the resultant stress is always normal stress. The mutually perpendicular planes are known as principal planes, and the resultant normal stresses acting on them are called principal stresses.

For point A:

 

Question 2

For pure shear to occur, the stresses σ1 and σ1 must be equal in magnitude and opposite in sign

σ1= Pr/t and σ2= Pr/2t-F/A= Pr/2t-F/2πrt

Pr/t=- (Pr/2t-F/2πrt) collecting like terms together

Pr/t+ Pr/2t= F/2πrt solving for F, we get F=3π Pr2=3* π*0.12*12000000Pa

F=360 kN

Required thickness is given by solving for t in equations above. Using the allowable normal stress we have 110 MPa= Pr/2t-F/2πrt, therefore,

t= (P*r2*π-F)/220πr = (12000000*0.12* π-190000)/ (220000000* π*0.1) = 0.00271 m

Question 3

Pipe diameter, outer =110mm=0.11m, inner diameter=90mm=0.09m

Wind pressure =1.5 kPa

Solution

Area of the sign board=2*1=2m2, resultant force W= wind pressure * area

W=2*1.5=3KN

Torque T=resultant force W* distance b, T=3*1.05=3.15 kN-M

Bending moment M=W* height=3*3.5=10.5 kN-M

Shear force V=W =3 KN

Bending moment M produces a tensile stress σa at point A and tensile stress

σa = (M*d2/2)/ [π(d24-d14)/64]= (10.5 *0.11/2)/ [π(0.114-0.094)/64]=0.5775/(3.96626*10^-6)=145603.163 MPa

Torque produces shear stresses ҭ1 at point A and B

Ҭtorsion == (T*d2/2)/ [π (d24-d14)/32]=(3.15 *0.11/2)/ [π(0.114-0.094)/32]= 0.17325/(7.932522*10^-6)=21840.4689

Maximum plane shear stress Ҭmax=√ [( σx – σy)2/2 + (Ҭxy)2]

At point A the shear stress is zero

At point B σx=0, σy= σa and Ҭxy= Ҭ1=21840.4689 Pa, therefore, Maximum plane shear stress

Ҭmax =√ [(0 – 145603.163)2/2 + (21840.4689)2]= √(1.107715*10^10) =105248.04 Pa

At point C, σy= σx=0 and Ҭxy= Ҭ1+ Ҭ2, Ҭ2 =2V/A= (2*3000)/2=3000 N/m2, hence Maximum plane shear stress   Ҭmax =√ [(0 – 0)2/2 + (3000+21840.4689)2] =24840.4689 Pa

Question four

Solution

Tensile stress = tensile force P/ area A=34000/[ (π*0.052)/4]

=34000/0.001963496=17.316 MPa

Shear torsion= Tr/Ip = (34000 *0.05/2)/[(0.05)4*π/32]=850/(6.135922*10^-7)=1385.285 MPa

Principal stresses are σ1,2  = [( σx + σy)2/2 ±√[( σx -σy)2/2+ (ҭxy)2]

σ1,2  = (0 +17.316)/2  ±√[(( 0 -17.316)/2)2+ (1385.285)2]

σ1= 8.658+√1919089.49=1393.97 MPa

σ2= -1376.6541 MPa

Maximum in plane shear stress

= √ [((0 -17.316)/2)2+ (1385.285)2] = 1385.31 MPa

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Japan vs USA cultural attitudes Assignment

Japan vs USA cultural attitudes
             Japan vs USA cultural attitudes

Japan vs USA cultural attitudes

Order Instructions:

Select a country: China, Egypt, India, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, or United Kingdom.
Using the country comparison tool on the Hofstede Centre’s Web site (http://geert-hofstede.com/the-hofstede-centre.html) to compare your selected country’s cultural dimensions with that of the United States. Explore your chosen country’s cultural attitudes toward:
•Individualism versus collectivism.
•Power distance.
•Masculinity versus femininity.
•Uncertainty avoidance.

Respond to the following:
•What do your chosen country’s attitudes on these dimensions tell you about the culture?
•How do these dimensions impact how you will think about communication, supervisor-employee relations, gender, and principles?
•How do these dimensions compare with those of the United States?

SAMPLE ANSWER

Using the hosfstede’s model it is possible to compare the culture of japan to that of the United States. Considering aspects such as discussed below one can be in a position to get a clear overview of the drivers of Japanese culture as compared to culture of other countries.

  • Power distance

From the hofstede’s model, the power distance of japan is much greater than that of United States. The Japanese power distance is rated at 54 from the model while that of the United States stands at 40.this dimension is concerned with the inequalities among individuals in a given society. Japan has been conscious about the hierarchical position within any social setting.in japan decision making is slow since each decision should be clarified by each hierarchical societies. On the hand, Japan has been meritocratic society and there is has been a notion in Japanese education system that each and every person was born equal. They also believe that everyone can become whatever he wants as long he works hard.

  • Individualism

Individualism is defined as the degree of interdependence that any society is supposed to maintain amongst its members. As pertains individualism; japan scored 46 compared to United States which scored 91.This is attributed to the fact that the Japanese society depicts the characteristic of collectivistic society since they tend to put an individual opinion below the harmony of groups. In Japan people are loyal to the inner group in which they were born. United States has the most individualistic cultures. The combination of power distance and individualistic culture of the United States is reflected in the fact that Americans emphasis on equal rights. Also in most American organizations hierarchy the superiors are easily accessible and the managers can rely on subordinates for their expertise. Communication in most organizations in the United States is direct, participative and informal to each rank.

  • Masculinity

Japan scores 95 in masculine dimension meaning that japan is among the masculine societies within the world. Combination of their masculinity and their mild collectivism there is no competitive and assertive individual behaviors which is always associated with masculine culture. In japan, there is more competition among groups rather than individuals.

The United States on the hand scores 62 in masculinity. This is clearly seen in the behavior of a typical American. Unlike Japanese, the Americans depict their masculinity individually. The Americans live to work so that they can get monetary rewards and hence they are able to attain high status depending on how good one is. There is a certain degree of conflict in Americans which they believe brings out best of people. Due to these conflicts there has been a lot of court cases and polarization in the united states.

  • Uncertainty avoidance

This dimension deals with the way a certain society deals with the unknown future.japan scores 92 meaning that japan is the most uncertainty avoiding society in the world.this is due to the fact that japan has been facing constant threats from natural disasters such as tsunamis and earthquakes.as a result of high need for uncertainty avoidance it is difficult for japan to realize changes. On the other hand, the United States scores below average at 46 on uncertainty avoidance dimension. This is reflected by a fair degree of acceptance for any upcoming new ideas. Also the September 11th attack created a lot of fear among the Americans and this has forced the government to monitor every person through the security agencies.

Masculinity versus femininity dimension

There is greater gender difference in japan. The men use a particular speech pattern and words different from the women. Since japan has the highest masculinity dimension this means that social gender roles are clearly defined.in japan there are small families within a wealthy country. There is high segregation of genders in higher education; there is low percentage of women in both technical and professional jobs. Even in these jobs, the women are paid less compared to their male counterparts in the same rank (KANAYAMA, 2001).

Individualistic versus collectivistic

Unlike Americans, the Japanese are more oriented to collectivism. Individualism means placing more emphasis on personal identity rather than group identity.in this context individual rights and needs are emphasized over group obligations. On the other hand, collectivism gives main concern to group identity rather than individual one (Emiko Kobayashi, 2006).

From the dimensions explored above it is clear that the culture of japan does not value equality among gender that is the men and women within the society. The Japanese are value communism rather than democratic leadership style Unlike the Americans who emphasize on democratic way of leadership and believe in equality between men and women. The Americans are concerned about the future of their country hence are keen on what happens to their security.

Work cited

Emiko Kobayashi, H. R. (2006). Differences in Individualistic and Collectivistic Tendencies among College Students in Japan and the United States. Individualistic and Collectivistic .

KANAYAMA, T. (2001). Hofstede’s Masculinity/ Femininity Dimension. An Analysis of Japanese and International Newspaper Coverage.

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Report on Telstra Corporation Limited

Report on Telstra Corporation Limited
Report on Telstra Corporation Limited

Report on Telstra Corporation Limited

Order Instructions:

instructions are in the two attached files.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction

            The listed company that is subject of this report is Telstra Corporation Limited. Telstra Corporation Limited, hereafter referred to as Telstra, is the largest telecommunications and media company in Australia. The corporation builds and operates telecommunication networks in its target markets and also deals in pay television, internet access and mobile voice devices among other services and products (www.telstra.com).  Telstra is a public company founded in 1975 and is headquartered in Telstra Corporate Centre in Melbourne in Australia. Telstra’s expenditure in research & development doubled from $2 million in 2013 to $4million in 2014. This attests to the importance that the company places on research & development activities in its business model (www.telstra.com).  Telstra was initially a company owned by the government but was later privatized in three separate stages in 1997, 1999 and the last stage in 2006.  In the first stage in 1997, the government sold A$14billion and floated the company’s share in the Australian Stock Exchange in an initial public share offer (IPO).  The 1999 privatization saw the government reduce its shareholding to 51% after selling 16% shares in the company (www.telstra.com). The 2006 divestiture from the company resulted in the government placing the remaining shares it still held in Australia’s Future Fund which in effect made the Australian government a minority shareholder in the company.  Subsequent divestitures in 2009 and 2011 saw the government relinquish all its shares in Telstra. Telstra is the most widely held public company in Australia with over one million shareholders (www.telstra.com).

Brief disclosures that Telstra made for intangible assets in its annual statements as at 30th June, 2014

 Telstra disclosed that it had intangible assets of $6,382 million as at 30th June, 2014 as compared to $8,202 million that the company disclosed during the same period in the previous year.  This represented a 29% decline in intangible assets in 2014.  Intangible assets constituted about 16% of the total non-current assets that the company reported in the financial year ending 30th June, 2014.  The company went further to expound on how these intangible assets were computed in its Notes to Financial Statements in Note No. 14(www.telstra.com).  The Intangible assets were made up of goodwill of $395 million and internally generated intangible assets which included software assets developed for internal use of $4,265 million. Acquired intangible assets also formed part of the intangible assets that the company reported in the financial year ending 30th June, 2014. Acquired intangible assets were made up of patents and trademarks of $12 million, licenses of $816 million, customer bases valued at $ 42 million and brand names of $ 9 million. Deferred expenditure was also included as part of intangible assets and was valued at $843 million (www.telstra.com). The company has gone ahead to explain how the intangible assets were incurred in the same note to the financial statements. The company closed the year with software assets that were under development which were not ready for use and which were recorded as intangible assets.  The company capitalized costs for borrowing that related to the software assets and spectrum licenses and captured them as intangible assets (www.telstra.com). Deferred expenditure related to deferral of direct incremental costs that were incurred by the company to establish customer contracts. These costs were amortized in the income statement to goods and services purchased during the period. Connection and basic access installation fees were also included in deferred expenditure that formed part of the intangible assets in the financial year ending 30th June, 2014

(http://www.telstra.com.au/uberprod/groups/webcontent/@corporate/@aboutus/documents/document/uberstaging_280884.pdf).

Disclosures made by Telstra on intangible assets and their consistency with the requirements of paragraphs 118 – 123 and paragraphs 126 – 128 of AASB 138 on Intangible Assets

According to paragraphs 118-123 and paragraphs 126-128 of AASB 138 on intangible assets, Telstra is required to disclose internally generated intangible assets and other intangible assets or intangible assets that are not generated from within the company (Deegan, 2012). Telstra has endeavored to do that to some degree in its annual report for the financial period ending 30th June, 2014. The company is required by paragraph 118 of AASB 138 on intangible assets to disclose whether the useful lives of the intangible assets are finite or indefinite (Deegan, 2012). The company has not disclosed this fact for all the intangible assets listed in its annual report for financial period ending 30th June, 2014. The company is also required to provide amortization rates used which have not been provided. The treatment of intangible assets by Telstra is therefore  in contravention to  paragraphs 118-123 and paragraphs 126-128 of AASB 138 on intangible assets.  For intangible assets with finite useful lives, the company is required to disclose amortization methods used in treating these assets which has been provided for some of the assets but not for all of them (Deegan, 2012). Paragraph 118-123 and paragraphs 126-128 of AASB 138 on intangible assets requires that the company discloses its gross carrying amount and any accumulated amortization. Telstra has provided this information on page 113 of the annual report for the financial year ending 30th June, 2014. Reconciliation for the carrying amount is also a requirement in paragraph 118-123 and paragraphs 126-128 of AASB 138 on intangible assets. This is a requirement that Telstra has fulfilled on page 113 of the annual report. Amounts amortized on the intangible assets are to be expensed in the income statement for the period; a requirement that has been complied with by Telstra

(Devalle &Rizzato, 2012; http://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/AASB138_07-04_ERDRjun10_07-09.pdf).

The company is also required to group assets of a similar nature and use in the method it treats intangible assets. Telstra has treated intangible assets according to use and similarities in how they are used. Licenses are treated or grouped together, masts are grouped together, customer bases are grouped together and deferred expenditures are also grouped together in accordance with paragraph 118-123 of the AASB138 on Intangible Assets (Deegan, 2012). An entity is also required to disclose information on intangible assets which Telstra has done in its annual reports as at 30th June, 2014. The company has not however provided an assessment of the useful life of some of its intangible assets and the residual value which is in contravention of the paragraph 118-123 of the AASB138 on Intangible Assets (www.telstra.com). According to paragraphs 126 – 128 of AASB 138 Intangible Assets, Telstra is required to disclose the aggregate amount of research and development expenditure and the amount should be treated as an expense in the accounting period.  Telstra has consistently done that as it included research and development expenses of $4 million incurred as part of the operating expenses for the period and expensed them in the income statement. The company also disclosed intangible assets that were fully amortized and those that were not in accordance with paragraphs 126 – 128 of AASB 138 Intangible Assets

(http://www.telstra.com.au/uberprod/groups/webcontent/@corporate/@aboutus/documents/document/uberstaging_280884.pdf)

References

Deegan, C. (2012), Australian Financial Accounting, 7th edition, McGraw Hill

Devalle, A., PhD.,&Rizzato, F., PhD. (2012). The impairment test of goodwill and the quality of

mandatory disclosure required by IAS 36.: An empirical analysis of european listed companies. GSTF Business Review (GBR), 2(1), 1-6. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1039135033?accountid=45049

http://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/AASB138_07-04_ERDRjun10_07-09.pdf

http://www.telstra.com.au/uberprod/groups/webcontent/@corporate/@aboutus/documents/document/uberstaging_280884.pdf

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