Describe a character in fiction, a historical figure, or a creative work (as in art, music, science, etc.) that has had an influence on you, and explain that
influence.
The character is Helen Keller
Use at least three (3) quality references Note: Wikipedia and other related websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
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This assignment is to analyze the film “Sunrise”(1927). Discuss a specific theme that you consider significant in the film.(For example: themes might
include: the struggles of the urban working class, the construction of family, the role of the individual in society, the law, the frontier, age, race,
ethnicity, sexuality, etc.).
Consider how characters and events are represented and make meaning in relation to the theme of your choosing. Assess how the film expresses and uses the
theme with reference to narrative structure, mise-en-scéne , cinematography and film style.
Mise en scène – Discuss the film’s employment of various properties of mise en scène, such as lighting, staging, acting, setting, props, and costumes. For
example, you could discuss how lighting is used to create expressionistic effects, or how costumes inform character, how the setting relates to the
narrative, or how staging and movement is used to draw our attention to particular areas of the image, among other possibilities.
Cinematography – Discuss the film’s use of various cinematographic properties, such as framing (on screen and off screen space, shot scale, angle, height,
etc), camera movement (tracking, panning, tilting, etc), lens focal lengths, depth of field, and film stock. How does cinematography reveal or conceal
information? How might it color our perspective on the narrative? Does it create any recurring patterns or motifs throughout the film? How does it function
in relation to narrative?
Note:
1. Fill in more film details when you do examples in the paper, but do not summary the plot too long.
2. Write an thesis statement at the end of the first paragraph, and restate the thesis statement at the last paragraph.
3. Write a topic sentence for every body paragraph. Use PIE( point-information-explaination) format. Clearly explain how the examples you used related to the
theme and your thesis statement.
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Identify and discuss a subject that could be used later as a dissertation subject. relevant academic literature discussing essential concepts theories or
models chosen topic should be then reviewed. critically compare 3 research methodologies in 3 existing academic articles that answer the research question.
the comparative review should highlight weaknesses and strengths of each design including aspects of validity and reliability and trustworthiness of the
research outcomes. In the last chapter the student will then make a motivated selection of one design that could be used for a undergraduate dissertation
work. the motivation should take into account the limitations of student research.
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Child or youth with a mental health issue research paper
Child or youth with a mental health issue
Child or youth with a mental health
PLEASE DO NOT INCLUDE COVER PAGE JUST CASE STUDY AND REFERENCE PAGE
This is a Case Study because you will be writing about a child or youth with a mental health issue. 

TO DO:
◦ Create and then describe a child/youth, with a specific mental health concern within the first page or two of your paper.
◦ Provide information about age, gender, family members, school/work, friends, hobbies and, of course, the mental health issue he/she has along
with the symptoms that are creating the need for services and support.
◦ ( PURPOSE: Your paper will serve as an exploration of the mental health issue in general and then turn to specifics as they relate to and affect
the person you have created. This means that you must write about the impact the illness is having on him/her and then his/her family, friends, teachers, and
etc.
Your paper will conclude with ideas (based in the research) for working/treatment with this child/youth. For a perspective to work from, you could take on
the role of a mental health worker who is putting a plan together for him/her and family.
Be sure to also include research based information related to the following:
1. symptoms, (see above)
2. assessment & diagnosis,
3. treatment interventions,
4. stigma, and
5. strategies for decreasing biases about this disorder.
Remember that this course is child and youth mental health, so be clear about the effects of the illness on children, youth, and their families.
◦ Your research paper, using APA style formatting and citations, should be 8-10 pages (not including your cover page or your references page), and
should include at least 6-8 peer reviewed resources including your text.
◦ Peer reviewed – what is that?
◦ Attach copies of your peer reviewed resources or accessible web address
◦ you will lose marks for incorrect APA
To find peer reviewed journal articles, use your access to the College Library Journals. I typically go into the Social Sciences bullet.
Use Google Scholar as a search, but you will find that many journal articles ask you to pay for them. Copy the title that looks good and past it into the
College Library website mentioned above. It’s free.
One excellent and free resource is CMHA’S Journal Visions
Another one is CAMH`S Crosscurrents Journal
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This paper is a continuation of 113908, 114068 and it would be nice for the same writer to complete this paper as it is a continuation. The writer will develop an evaluation plan for the EBP that we have been working and will continue to work on. I will also upload the first part of the EBP paper which will help in also creating the evaluation plan. Bear in mind that they is the second part that will be written in the days ahead. It is also important that the writer note that this EBP is done base on WORK DONE IN A CLINICAL SETTING AND NOT A HOSPITAL. So the evaluation plan and every other aspect of the paper should be written with that in mind. And also taking into consideration that we are educating the patients and not the nurses or Dr.
It is very important that the writer research and use the different steps of how to create an effective evaluation plan before engaging on creating one here.
For this paper you will focus on how you will evaluate your change.
Building on work done in the clinical practicum setting this week, and looking toward work with the EBP, address the following:
• Attach a copy of your evaluation plan.
After creating your plan, Give a summary of the plan, including rationale for your evaluation methods at the end on the paper.
Evaluation is an important process that contributes significantly to the general understanding educational behavioral change processes. It is focuses on improving a certain program. It is also of benefit to other people who could be conducting similar kinds of programs and would want to conduct an evaluation as well (Oermann., 2013). Diabetic patients require close monitoring and management from the care givers. The health services offered to them should be of quality. It is for this reason that evaluation of the education offered to them is important (Thayer et al., 2016).
Process Evaluation
For the education of patients with type II diabetes, a process evaluation will be conducted to determine the effectiveness of the program. A quasi-experimental design method will be used to conduct the evaluation. During the process, evidence Based Practice (EBP) will be used in conducting the process evaluation whereby the researcher will go through research that has previously been conducted by other scholars on evaluation of patient education on type II diabetes. The nurse will then examine the acquired findings and compare them to those obtained from conducting a process evaluation on patients in his/her clinical setting.
What will be Measured
The researcher will conduct an in-depth study on several peer-reviewed sources on assessment of education to patients with type II diabetes. Evidence will be sought on patient factors that are thought to change with such a program. These factors include; patient knowledge on diabetes, self-care skills, diabetes self-efficacy, well-being, depression, and most importantly the patient intention for future behavior. According to Duru, the most important indicator of behavior change after patient education is the intention of the patients to make changes after they have left the program (Duru, 2013).
Additionally, the research will also involve gathering evidence on patient perceptions in other clinical settings on the program. This is significant because it determines the effectiveness of the program. The satisfaction of patients in the program will also be assessed since it is an important indicator of behavior change process (Lewis et al., 2016). Patient views on what areas of the curriculum they felt were well handled and which areas did not receive enough attention or received excess attention will also be examined. Moreover, program trends such as parts of the program that patients do not need and which ones they need more will be evaluated as well. This will be important to the researcher since it will help him/her to modify the program based on previous successes or failures of a similar program in other institutions.
Data Analysis
According to Lewis et al, one of the key successes of evaluation is the ability to analyze data to obtain meaningful results and apply these results to enhance the functioning of the program (Lewis et al., 2014). Statistical analysis will be conducted for appropriate interpretation of the data to instill confidence in the conclusions that will be made from the collected data. For instance, each outcome from the study will be evaluated and compared to similar aspects of patients that will have enrolled in the patient education program.
From this study, the nurse will then identify the strengths, weaknesses, and flaws of the education program that the patients have been receiving in his/her clinical setting and contrast them with the gathered evidence. It is at this point that the examiner will go back to the drawing boarding and come up with appropriate adjustments on the education program based on the evidence he/she will have acquired from the scholarly sources he/she will have gone through.
Summary
The evaluation plan will start with a thorough research on patient education on type II diabetes from the available scholarly sources. The researcher will note down how the program has been working in other institutions. The goals, challenges, interventions, and successes of patient education will be determined. Then he/she will use the quasi-experimental design method to compare the program in other clinical settings to what they have been offering to determine whether they are on the right track. If not, the researcher will identify where they could be going wrong and do necessary changes.
Quasi-experimental design method
This research method was preferred because the study involves determining the perceptions of the patients on the program they have been attending. It is an important method of study since it aids the examiner to conduct research without interfering with the behavior of the participants. Examiner gathers evidence from several sources regarding the views of the patients on whether the program is useful or not. The use of this method also offers unique insights that can be used to promote patient outcomes.
References
Duru, O. K. (2013). Evaluation of the diabetes health plan to improve diabetes care and prevention. Preventing chronic disease, 10.
Oermann, M. H., & Gaberson, K. B. (2013). Evaluation and testing in nursing education. Springer Publishing Company.
Thayer, S., Chow, W., Korrer, S., & Aguilar, R. (2016). Real-world Evaluation of Glycemic Control Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Canagliflozin versus Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors. Current medical research and opinion, (just-accepted), 1-38.
Lewis, M. A., Bann, C. M., Karns, S. A., Hobbs, C. L., Holt, S., Brenner, J., … & Burton, J. A. (2014). Cross-site evaluation of the alliance to reduce disparities in diabetes clinical and patient-reported outcomes. Health promotion practice, 15(2 suppl), 92S-102S.
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Pathophysiology of a Pneumothorax Case Study Order Instructions: Case Study-MRS. Richards
Pathophysiology of a Pneumothorax Case Study
Mrs. Richards, daughter is a second-year student nurse. She tells you she doesn’t understand the pathophysiology of pneumothorax and why they can develop into a tension pneumothorax without UWSD(Underwater seal drain) insertion. Please explain to her the pathophysiology of pneumothorax and the UWSD and how it affects the cardiac & respiratory system using the correct medical and nursing terminology. the Assessment criteria below must be met in regards to this.
Pathophysiology of a Pneumothorax Case Study Assessment Criteria
1. We are to give a detailed explanation of the pathophysiology of the illness/disease of the case-patient, MRS Richards.
2. Explanation of 2 signs/symptoms the case-patient presented with and why they manifested as part of the illness/disease. The two sign and symptom Mrs. Richards had presented were chest tightness and shortness of breath.
3. Critical thinking and rationale – The patient, Mrs. Richards, is on some Antibiotics (Metronidazole and Cephalothin). Link this medication, A&P, pathophysiology, context, and theory together and give detail description as to why the medication is being given to Mrs. Richards, in regards to her pneumothorax, chest drain (UWSD).
Lastly linking pharmacology to multiple parts of practice such as; infection control, safety, Nursing consideration.
P.S. Can you please attach/send me pdf copies of the articles used in your research for this paper because I will need to attach it to my original paper when submitting.
Pathophysiology of a Pneumothorax Case Study Sample Answer
Pneumothorax Case Study
Introduction
Pneumothorax is a medical condition where the pleural cavity gets filled with air, which impairs ventilation and oxygenation. This health complication occurs when air leaks in the pleural cavity (space between lungs and chest walls) which creates an external force outside (destroys negative pressure) the lungs making them collapse. It can be caused by chest injury or medical health disorders. This medical complication may occur in various clinical settings and in any person of any age (Tamburrini, Sellitri, Tacconi, Brancati & Mineo, 2015). This paper explores the disease pathophysiology and ways it with the disease clinical manifestation. The paper also critically analyses the medication to give detailed information on the rationale behind the administration of specific medication. The concepts of pharmacology will be linked to nursing practice such as patient safety and infection control.
Causes and risk factors
Pneumothorax is caused by many factors. To start with, the patient may experience chest injuries (blunt or penetrating) that occur during physical accidents or physical assaults. Others causes include pleural lacerations caused during the medical procedures such as inserting aspiration needles in the patient chest. Damaged lung tissues are likely to cause air leakages into the pleural cavity. Lung disorders can be caused by many underlying diseases such as pneumonia, cystic fibrosis or chronic pulmonary diseases. In some cases, small air blisters (blebs) can develop in the lungs, which could burst, causing air to leak into the spaces surrounding the lungs. There incidences when pneumothorax occurs in patients with breathing difficulty and who require mechanical assistance. The mechanical ventilation used can cause an imbalance of air pressure and could cause the lungs to collapse (Tamburrini, Sellitri, Tacconi, Brancati & Mineo, 2015).
The main risk factors associated with pneumothorax include gender, where men are more likely to suffer from pneumothorax as compared to women. The risk of pneumothorax increases with poor lifestyles such as smoking. Pneumothorax caused by ruptured air blisters is common in people between the ages of 20 years and 40 years, and common in tall and underweight people. Genetics also plays a huge role as it mainly appears in families with a history of pneumothorax. Other risk factor includes lung disorders and mechanical ventilation (Ling, Wu, Ming, Cai & Chen, 2015).
Pathophysiology and clinical manifestation
The pathophysiology of pneumothorax is described according to the causes. Traumatic pneumothorax occurs due to penetrative injuries such as the impaled object, gunshot wound, and stab wound which are associated with traumatic open pneumothorax closed pneumothorax or haemo-thorax of the pneumothorax. Traumatic open pneumothorax occurs when the pleura gets lacerated and allows accumulation of atmospheric air in the pleural cavity. Its mainly cause by penetrating chest trauma. Air in the pleural cavity interrupts normal negative pressure which makes the lungs not remain inflated. The traumatic closed pneumothorax occurs when laceration of the pleura is caused by blunt trauma, causing air to enter the pleural cavity (Tamburrini, Sellitri, Tacconi, Brancati & Mineo, 2015).
Latrogenic traumatic pneumothorax occurs when the pleura laceration is caused by therapeutic and diagnostic procedures such as needle biopsy, mechanical ventilation, central line insertion, and aspirations. Air trapped in a pleural cavity interrupts normal negative pressure which makes the lungs not remain inflated. Spontaneous pneumothorax is an example of a closed type. This is common in geriatric patients diagnosed with chronic pulmonary diseases but can also occur in adults. The main cause of pleura rapture is mainly underlying respiratory disorders such as asthma, pneumonia, chronic airflow limitation (CAL), tuberculosis, disorders of the connective tissues, Cystic fibrosis and Marfan’s syndrome.
Tension pneumothorax is caused by either traumatic of spontaneous pneumothorax. The pleura get raptured allowing air into the pleural cavity but do not allow it to escape. This creates tension and pressure in the intrapleural space, which makes the affected lung to collapse, squeezing the mediastinal contents to the unaffected lung. Air in the pleural cavity interrupts normal negative pressure which makes the lungs not remain inflated (Corsini, Pratesi & Dani, 2013).
The main clinical signs of pneumothorax are the sudden sharp pain around the chest, which is normally exacerbated by chest movements such as coughing and breathing. The asymmetrical chest movement causes the lungs to collapse. These results to cyanosis and shortness of breath associated with hypoxia. Other clinical manifestations include decreased vocal fremitus and respiratory distress, which are associated with collapsing of the lungs. When auscultation is done, the breath sounds on the side affected lung are absent as the lung has collapsed (Chiu, Chen, Wang, Tsai & Wong, 2014).
Chest rigidity on the affected side may occur due to tachycardia and hypoxia. Palpation of the affected side normally reveals crackling sound just beneath the skin, which is normally due to the leaking of air into the tissues. Research indicates that Tension Pneumothorax has the most severe clinical manifestation which includes hypotension, reduced cardiac output, tachypnea, and compensatory tachypnea. The disease diagnosis is normally done using X-rays, which is normally reveals air in the pleural space. Arterial blood analysis normally can be used to reveal hypoxemia (Lee et al., 2014).
Medical management and patient education
The main medical management is done by cutting through the chest (thoracotomy) is required. This is done by inserting a chest tube in the 5th and 6th intercostal space located under the patient’s arm. The tube is then attached to a water-seal drainage system, which drains all the air in the pleural cavity. The chest tube is normally a long hollow tube which is inserted as described above. This is normally done under local anesthesia (Gale et al., 2015).
The pleural space refers to the space between the visceral and parietal layers that line has inside the lungs and chest cavity. Normally, the two layers are held together by negative pressure or vacuum, which ensures that the lungs remain inflated. The pleural space is normally empty except the small amount of fluid that helps reduce friction between the cavities. In special cases, air or fluid may accumulate causing pneumonia, chest trauma or other intraabdominal conditions. Pneumothorax could also occur. This results to chest tightness and breathing difficulty (Baird & Gandhi, 2014).
The chest drains are done so long as air remains in the pleural cavity. This must be done because without UWSD, pneumothorax can result in a tension pneumothorax. This is because the air trapped in the pleural cavity prohibits air outflow. Consequently, the volume of the air in the pleural cavity increases with every inspiration causing the pressure in the pleural cavity to increase causing lungs to collapse. Further increase of pressure in the pleural cavity makes the mediastinum shift towards the contralateral side of the lungs, which obstructs the venous return to the heart. This causes circulatory instability and could result in a traumatic arrest. This is indicated by cardiovascular diseases, reduced oxygen, and low blood pressure. The patient needs to have regular chest X-rays and to monitor the disease progress (Curfman, Robitsek, Sammett & Schubl, 2015).
This intensive care is associated with potential risks and complications even when performed by experienced staff. The main common health complications are pain and infection. For example, drains inserted into the body increases the risks of infection. Therefore, the patients and patient relatives must not touch the drain, tubes and the dressings that cover the site of insertion. Good hygiene practices such as washing hands before and after contacting the patient also helps minimize patient’s risks of infection. Some degree of pain, infection control, and patient safety must be discussed by healthcare providers (AL Saif, Hammodi, Al-Azem & Al-Hubail, 2015).
The treatment of pneumothorax mainly depends on the size of the pneumothorax. Small pneumothorax normally resolves by its self. The aim of the treatment is to get rid of the accumulated air in the pleural space. Once the lungs are filled with air, the patient is able to breathe with ease. The patient is given Metronidazole and Cephalothin antibiotics in order to treat and prevent bacterial infection during UWSD procedures. The patient should also be given pain medication such as Tylenol. The pain prescription is done to decrease a patient’s pain. The pain medication should be done as directed. Sedative medication is given to make the patient remain calm and relaxed when performing needle aspirations and chest tubes (Dixit, Meena & Patil, 2015).
Pathophysiology of a Pneumothorax Case Study References
AL Saif, N., Hammodi, A., Al-Azem, M., & Al-Hubail, R. (2015). Tension Pneumothorax and Subcutaneous Emphysema Complicating Insertion of Nasogastric Tube. Case Reports in Critical Care, 2015, 1-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/690742
Baird, A., & Gandhi, M. (2014). Pneumopericardium and pneumothorax due to the right atrial permanent pacemaker lead perforation. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology, 59(1), 74-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.12200
Chiu, C., Chen, T., Wang, C., Tsai, M., & Wong, K. (2014). Factors associated with proceeding to surgical intervention and recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in adolescent patients. European Journal of Pediatrics, 173(11), 1483-1490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-014-2352-0
Corsini, I., Pratesi, S., & Dani, C. (2013). Pulmonary interstitial emphysema after resolution of relapsing pneumothorax and discontinuation of mechanical ventilation. An atypical case in a preterm infant. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 27(15), 1610-1612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2013.867322
Curfman, K., Robitsek, R., Sammett, D., & Schubl, S. (2015). Blunt trauma resulting in pneumothorax with progression to pneumoperitoneum: a unique diagnosis with the predicament in management. J. Surg. Case Rep., 2015(12), rjv147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jscr/rjv147
Dixit, R., Meena, M., & Patil, C. (2015). Pneumomediastinum, bilateral pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema complicating acute silicosis. Int J Occup Med Environ Health, 2015(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00399
Gale, M., Loarte, P., Mirrer, B., Mallet, T., Salciccioli, L., Petrie, A., & Cohen, R. (2015). Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in the Setting of Tension Pneumothorax. Case Reports in Critical Care, 2015, 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/536931
Lee, K., Kim, K., Kim, E., Lee, J., Kim, Y., & Hyun, S. et al. (2014). Detection of blebs and bullae in patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax by multi-detector CT reconstruction using different slice thicknesses. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology, 58(6), 663-667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1754-9485.12229
Ling, Z., Wu, Y., Ming, M., Cai, S., & Chen, Y. (2015). The Effect of Pleural Abrasion on the Treatment of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLOS ONE, 10(6), e0127857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127857
Tamburrini, A., Sellitri, F., Tacconi, F., Brancati, F., & Mineo, T. (2015). Simultaneous Bilateral Spontaneous Pneumothorax Revealed Birt-Hogg-Dubè Syndrome. Case Reports In Surgery, 2015, 1-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/916039
Microeconomics Coursework Portfolio Questions Order Instructions: This is my microeconomics coursework portfolio questions.
Microeconomics Coursework Portfolio Questions
Where we have to answer the questions correctly. This is a total of 40% of my final grade so please make sure the answers are direct and get right to the point. It doesn’t have to be in an essay format, simply place the answer below the question.
The equilibrium price is stable because the quantity demanded is relatively equal to the quantity supplied, which significantly minimizes price fluctuations.
Assuming the potato is an inferior good; analyze the effect of a rise in national income on the equilibrium price and quantity of potatoes. Now analyze the effect on the potato market of a plague of carbohydrate-loving potato locusts.
Since potato is an inferior good, a rise in national income will shift the equilibrium price and quantity of potatoes to the left because the increased purchasing power will make consumers to move to other superior alternatives thereby decreasing the demand for potatoes as well as the prices. On the other hand, a plague of carbohydrate-loving potato locusts will shift the equilibrium price and quantity of potatoes to the right because it will result to a decline in the supply of potatoes to the market, which will, in turn, increase the demand for the potatoes and consequently an increase in the prices.
Use the supply and demand model to discuss the economic effects of :
Setting minimum wages for low paid workers;
Setting minimum wages for low paid workers results in increased labor costs, this subsequently leads to increased good prices and consequently a decrease in demand.
Setting maximum rents for private accommodation, and This ensures that the prices for private accommodation are regulated and always at or below maximum margin, which increases demand for the accommodation.
Levying an indirect tax on the sale of a product.
Levying an indirect tax increases the price of a product subsequently leading to decreased demand.
Giving a production subsidy
Production subsidy increases quantity supplied in turn leading to a reduction in the prices of products, but often without losses to producers because of reduced cost of production attributable to the subsidy.
3.**portfolio question** Explain carefully what is meant by consumer surplus. What happens to consumer surplus when price increases?
Consumer surplus is referred to as the economic measure used in determining consumer satisfaction, and its calculation is done through analysis of the difference between the price a consumer is willing to pay for a service or good relative to the market price of that service or good. This means that consumer surplus is only felt when there is a willingness of the consumer to pay more for a certain service or product that its prevailing market price. An increase in the market price of a product or service either reduces consumer surplus or when the increase in price is significant the consumer is lost altogether.
4**portfolio question** Carefully explain the meaning, derivation, and properties of indifference curves and budget lines. Use indifference analysis to show how a rational consumer maximizes his/her utility from a given income.
Indifference curves are a method used to illustrate the tastes and preferences of consumers, while a budget line is used to indicate the extent of income allocated by a consumer to goods and services. Derivation of indifference curves is based on preference and tastes of consumers, wherein the figure is shown below in which point a is preferable to point c, and point b is preferable to point a. However, when a is preferable to d but is preferable to a, then there is movement from point d toe, and it is advisable to align to more preferred combinations rather than less preferred ones. Thus, by doing so we connect all the points to obtain the indifference curves illustrated in the figure below:
The indifference curves for pens and books are derived by taking any combinations that fall along curve I1 for pens and books yielding similar level of utility as any other combination on that curve. This means that the consumer is indifferent among them, and through extension, any curve I2 combinations will be preferable to any curve I1 combinations as shown below:
The three main properties of indifference curves include: 1) higher indifference curves are a representation of higher satisfaction levels; 2) there is a negative sloping of indifference curves and they tend to bow towards the origin; and 3) it is impossible for indifference curves to cross.
A rational consumer can use indifference curves to maximize utility by consuming at the point where her budget line is tangent to an indifference curve. At this point, the consumer chooses to point a, where her budget line just touches indifference curve I1.
5**portfolio question** Derive the price consumption curve. Why does a change in the price of good affect the consumption of another good?
From the budget line and indifference curves shown below, it is possible to derive the price consumption curve.
For instance, changes in the price of pens shift the budget line of consumers from B1P1 to B1P2 in the above figure, leading changes in the consumer equilibrium point from a to c. As a result, a plot of the demand curve for pens gives the equilibrium quantity of pens at various prices. This is the price consumption curve and is illustrated in the figure below:
A change in the price of good affects the consumption of another good if they are substitutes, whereby an increase in the price of one substitute increases consumption of its replacement while a decrease in the price of a substitute product decreases the consumption of its replacement.
Seminar 5
The output of good X
Fill the gaps
Number of workers
Total Product
Average Productivity of Labour
Marginal Productivity of Labour
1
200
200
200
2
600
300
400
3
960
320
360
4
1120
280
160
5
1200
240
80
6
1200
200
0
A plot of the TP, AP & MP
Firm’s cost of production
Fill the gaps
Quantity Produced
Total Cost
Average Total Cost
Average Variable Cost
Average Fixed Cost
Marginal Cost
1
10
10
2
8
6
2
16
8
4
4
2
3
18
6
3.33
2.67
10
4
28
7
5
2
17
5
45
15
13.4
1.6
21
6
66
11
9.67
1.33
11
A plot of the data
All the costs except the total cost tend to increase within productivity, but at higher productivity levels they begin to decrease. All average costs tend to behave the same across different productivity levels.
What do we mean by Scale Economies? Why is a firm’s long-run average cost curve sometimes taken to be U-shaped?
Scale Economies are referred to as the cost benefits that ensue from increased production output in a firm and often result in a reduction in variable costs per unit due to operational synergies and efficiencies. The reason why a firm’s long-run average cost curve is sometimes taken to be U-shaped is because initially, the costs are high then they start to gradually to gradually up to a point where they no longer reduce and then begin to rise up to to a point they are equal to the beginning costs to form a U-shape.
Seminar 6
Define perfect competition. How realistic do you consider the assumptions behind the perfect competition model to be?
Perfect competition is a market structure where no particular participant(s) are large enough to assume the power of setting the price for a product that is homogeneous. The assumptions behind the perfect competition model are not realistic because it is usually very hard to find perfect knowledge among consumers as well as perfect entry and exit from industry freedom.
Demonstrate, with the use of appropriate diagrams, the profit-maximizing equilibrium of a perfectly competitive firm.
In this scenario, the firm has to concentrate on market supply and demand curves to establish its appropriate mix because it has little influence on the market. This is achievable through the diagrams shown below:
Perfectly competitive firms can never make supernormal profits. Is this true?
This is not true because in short-run perfectly competitive firms can make supernormal profits before many other firms are attracted into the industry and profits begin declining.
Seminar 7
What do you understand by ‘monopoly’? Show how a monopolist sets a profit-maximizing output, and explain why this equilibrium may be a stable one in more than the short-run.
This is a market structure where a single company or group controls nearly all or all the market for a certain type of service or product. Monopolist sets a profit-maximizing output through the equilibrium shown below:
Explain, giving examples, the circumstance under which price discrimination is likely to occur.
The first circumstance is when consumer profit is transferred to producers by charging varied prices from different groups for other purposes other than transportation costs. For example, higher telephone charges during hours of business since the need to use the phone by businessmen is high during business hours and the cost is not a priority, while the same phone charges are low at evening so that ordinary people are also encouraged to make calls.
‘Monopoly is always against the public interest and should be curbed by the state.’ Do you agree?
I do not agree with this since due to the market situation’s complexity, it is not possible for monopolies to always be against the public interest despite its few negative sides.
Discuss the principal features of the ‘kinked demand curve’ model of oligopoly.
The kinked demand curve model is based on the assumption that there is a potential for business products facing a dual demand curve on basis of the possible reactions of other firms to variations in the business prices or any other variable. The principal features are that: significant price increases without other companies following suit leads to significant substitution and reduction in prices alongside reduction by other companies may not produce considerable effects.
2.**portfolio question** Discuss the meaning importance of a) income elasticity of demand, and b) cross elasticity of demand
Income elasticity of demand describes the quantity demanded where luxury goods are considered, which are highly sensitive to income changes. Negative income elasticity of demand is observed for inferior goods where the quantity demanded falls with rising income.
Cross elasticity of demand is used in measuring the quantity demanded responsiveness with regards to a particular good if changes in price occur in another good. This is important in determining the effects of substitutes on the market.
3.**portfolio question** Examine the effect of taxing smoking on the equilibrium price and quantity of cigarettes? Why is the price elasticity of demand a useful concept in this case? Is it true that government tax smoking solely in order to improve our health?
Taxing smoking does not have a significant shift or movement on the equilibrium price and quantity of cigarettes because its demand is not as elastic as those of other products. However, some extent of a reduction in demanded quantity is experienced since high prices discourage new smokers, relapse of those had quit smoking, and also some smokers quit. The usefulness of elasticity of demand is to determine the quantities of cigarettes to be produced per stipulated period of time and also set prices for the cigarettes. It is not really true that government tax smoking solely in order to improve our health, but also to raise revenues to fund its activities.
2.**portfolio question** What might be the main determinants of the market demand of the following products?
larger beer; b. holidays abroad; c. sports cars; and d. spaghetti
The main market demand determinants for the above products include the price of the commodity per unit, tastes and preferences of a household or individual, as well as the prices and substitutes nature.
3**portfolio question** What is the key difference between a change in price and a change in any other factor affecting demand on the demand curve?
The key difference is that a change in price results to a movement or shift along the demand curve.
View Rubric
Due Date: Apr 24, 2016 23:59:59 Max Points: 200
Details:
Research a health care organization or a network that spans several states within the U.S. (Example: United Healthcare, Vanguard, Banner Healthcare, etc.).
Harvard Business Review Online and Hoover’s Company Records, found in the GCU Library, are useful sources. You may also find pertinent information on your organization’s webpage.
Review “Singapore Airlines Case Study.”
Prepare a 1,000-1,250-word paper that focuses on the organization or network you have selected.
Your essay should assess the readiness of the health care organization or network in addressing the health care needs of citizens in the next decade, and include a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to network growth, nurse staffing, resource management, and patient satisfaction.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin. Refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Only Word documents can be submitted to Turnitin.
NRS 451v.v10R.SingaporeAirlinesCaseStudy_Student.docx
******* RUBRIC*******
Health Organization Case Study
1
Unsatisfactory
0.00%
2
Less than Satisfactory
75.00%
3
Satisfactory
79.00%
4
Good
89.00%
5
Excellent
100.00%
80.0 %Content
40.0 % Case study assesses the readiness of the health care organization or network in addressing the health care needs of citizens in the next decade
Case study assesses the readiness of the health care organization or network in addressing the health care needs of citizens in the next decade is not provided.
Case study assesses the readiness of the health care organization or network in addressing the health care needs of citizens in the next decade is offered; however, relevant information is missing as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study assesses the readiness of the health care organization or network in addressing the health care needs of citizens in the next decade meets the basic criteria for the assignment as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study assesses the readiness of the health care organization or network in addressing the health care needs of citizens in the next decade meets all criteria for the assignment, as indicated in the assignment instructions, and is offered in detail.
Case study assesses the readiness of the health care organization or network in addressing the health care needs of citizens in the next decade is offered in detail, while demonstrating higher level thinking by incorporating prior learning or reflective thought.
10.0 % Case study includes a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to network growth
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to network growth is not provided.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to network growth is provided; however, relevant information is missing as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to network growth; meets the basic criteria for the assignment as indicated by the assignment instructions.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to network growth; meets all criteria for the assignment, as indicated in the assignment instructions, and is provided in detail.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to network growth; is offered in detail, while demonstrating higher level thinking by incorporating prior learning or reflective thought.
10.0 % Case study includes a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to nurse staffing
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to nurse staffing is not offered.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to nurse staffing is provided; however, relevant information is missing as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to nurse staffing meets the basic criteria for the assignment as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to nurse staffing meets all criteria for the assignment, as indicated in the assignment instructions, and is provided in detail.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to nurse staffing is offered in detail, while demonstrating higher level thinking by incorporating prior learning or reflective thought.
10.0 % Case study includes a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to resource management
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to resource management is not provided.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to resource management is provided; however, relevant information is missing as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to resource management meets the basic criteria for the assignment as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to resource management meets all criteria for the assignment, as indicated by the assignment instructions, and is provided in detail.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to resource management is offered in detail, while demonstrating higher level thinking by incorporating prior learning or reflective thought.
10.0 % Case study include a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to patient satisfaction
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to patient satisfaction is not provided.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to patient satisfaction is provided; however, relevant information is missing as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to patient satisfaction meets the basic criteria for the assignment as indicated in the assignment instructions.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to patient satisfaction meets all criteria for the assignment, as indicated in the assignment instructions, and is provided in detail.
Case study including a strategic plan that addresses issues pertaining to patient satisfaction is offered in detail, while demonstrating higher level thinking by incorporating prior learning or reflective thought.
15.0 %Organization and Effectiveness
5.0 % Thesis Development and Purpose
Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim.
Thesis and/or main claim are insufficiently developed and/or vague; purpose is not clear.
Thesis and/or main claim are apparent and appropriate to purpose.
Thesis and/or main claim are clear and forecast the development of the paper. It is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose.
Thesis and/or main claim are comprehensive; contained within the thesis is the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear.
15.0 %Organization and Effectiveness
5.0 % Paragraph Development and Transitions
Paragraphs and transitions consistently lack unity and coherence. .No apparent connections between paragraphs are established. Transitions are inappropriate to purpose and scope. Organization is disjointed.
Some paragraphs and transitions may lack logical progression of ideas, unity, coherence, and/or cohesiveness. Some degree of organization is evident.
Paragraphs are generally competent, but ideas may show some inconsistency in organization and/or in their relationships to each other.
A logical progression of ideas between paragraphs is apparent. Paragraphs exhibit a unity, coherence, and cohesiveness. Topic sentences and concluding remarks are appropriate to purpose.
There is a sophisticated construction of paragraphs and transitions. Ideas progress and relate to each other. Paragraph and transition construction guide the reader. Paragraph structure is seamless.
15.0 %Organization and Effectiveness
5.0 % Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)
Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice and/or sentence construction are used.
Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register); sentence structure, and/or word choice are present.
Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are used.
Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. A variety of sentence structures and effective figures of speech are used.
Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English.
5.0 %Format
2.0 % Paper Format (use of appropriate style for the major and assignment)
Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly.
Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent.
Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present.
Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style.
All format elements are correct.
5.0 %Format
3.0 % Research Citations (In-text citations for paraphrasing and direct quotes, and reference page listing and formatting, as appropriate to assignment)
No reference page is included. No citations are used.
Reference page is present. Citations are inconsistently used.
Reference page is included and lists sources used in the paper. Sources are appropriately documented, although some errors may be present.
Reference page is present and fully inclusive of all cited sources. Documentation is appropriate and GCU style is usually correct.
In-text citations and a reference page are complete. The documentation of cited sources is free of error.
100 % Total Weightage
SAMPLE ANSWER
Case Study: Banner Healthcare
Banner Health organization is among the biggest non-profit organization in the USA. Its headquarters is at Phoenix, Arizona. It oversees about twenty nine healthcare facilities including home care programs, family health clinics, and long-term healthcare facilities. Banner Health care delivers its services to nine States in the Western and Mid-Western States (Banner Health, 2015). This organization was established in 1999 through the merging of Samaritan Health Systems and Lutheran Health systems. Currently, the organization has employed about 47,000 people who deliver services to about 300,000 service users (Berlyl Institute, n.d.). This healthcare organization caters for patient’s basic medical costs and emergency healthcare costs. Additionally, the organization covers for specialized healthcare services such as heart transplants, bone marrow transplants, and psychosocial rehabilitative services. This non-profit organization also covers for life threatening healthcare complications such as spinal injuries and Alzheimer disease. It is approximated that the total worth of the organization as 3.1 billion dollars, with an annual return of 2.6 billion dollar (Kuhn and Chuck, 2015).
Banner healthcare has focused its resources into delivery of safety and quality of care. This entails establishing stringent measures that detect mistakes such as patient identification errors, which impede delivery of quality services. The coordinated service improves the organization performance and maintains organization’s integrity as well as improving patient satisfaction (Banner Health, 2015). This has enabled the organization to identify functional areas, which require improvement in order to sustain its performance. This has led to the creation of cross-facility employees, whose role is to deliberate on ideas that ensure new knowledge on organization is gathered and integrated within the organization standards (Armbrister, 2012).
For example, for a very long time Banner health institution overlooked the relationship between organization cultures and its leadership, and ways they influenced the organization performances. The Banner Health organizations works together with other multiple healthcare facilities across the Nation, which makes it challenging to identify a standard policy that would ensure effective delivery of services in each of the healthcare facilities across the miles (Armbrister, 2012). This is attributable to the fact that each of the healthcare facility are in different geographical location, thus, the sociocultural factors differs from one healthcare facility to another. Thus, applying a common method would lead into more challenges. For this reason, the organization has adopted the integration of culture driven policies that would help sustain the organizations success. The organization culture plays an integral role in shaping the organizations performances (Berlyl Institute, n.d.). This includes identification of management themes that put the interests of the service users as the priority. The themes are as shown in the diagram 1.1 below.
The above diagram illustrates the model used at this organization to run its day –to- day practices. The model comprises of four main themes; a) effective communication of the organization vision, b) measurable accountability, c) developing effective leadership and d) sustaining the success. The first theme addresses the role of effective communication, which is one of the main hindrances of success in most of the institution. This model ensures that there is effective communication between the employees and their leaders; thus, the employees work to achieve the organization vision, mission and goals (Kuhn and Chuck, 2015).
The second theme discusses the issue of employee’s responsibility and accountability. The leader’s roles are to ensure that the employee’s accountability is aligned within the organization’s framework. This implies that the leaders acts as role models, and are expected to exemplify the true measure of accountability within their organizations (Armbrister, 2012). Banner Health has established solid metrics (patient’s satisfaction and experiences) systems, which evaluates the accountability and success each healthcare facility. The applications of score cards ensure that each employee is held accountable of their services. The leaders are expected to guide and provide all the resources needed, and to motivate the employees. This is to ensure that Bander’s health mission and vision are articulated effectively (Berlyl Institute, n.d.).
The third theme involves recruitment process and staffing ratios. The banner health has adopted the habit of recruiting leaders who are proactive and are likely to steer success. This is because active leaders ensure that their employee’s skills are improved through refresher courses and internal programs. This ensures that employees’ specific skills and talents are improved, and new skills are developed through continuous learning. The organization promotes teamwork. It is through the teamwork that cultural competencies are developed which ensures that the employees respect each other’s values and beliefs which reduces the incidences of office bickering (Kuhn and Chuck, 2015).
The last strategies used by the organization are by establishing measures that ensures that there are sustainable developments. This is challenging as the healthcare industry is dynamic. Therefore, the organization has recruited research employees whose work is to identify the changes in market demands so that the organization can change its strategies to align with the market demands. This increases their competitive advantages as the organization manages to make changes according to the market demands. This ensures that the organization explores new areas and discovers other opportunities that have not been realized by their competitors. These processes sustain its development effectively (Berlyl Institute, n.d.).
From this discussion, it is evident that these strategic measures are only effective if articulated simultaneously. For example, integrating effective communication within the organization ensures that each employee understands the organization’s visions and missions. This also ensures that the employees understand their responsibilities within the organization (Armbrister, 2012). Working with competent leaders ensures that the team members are committed to achieving the organizations goals. The motivation is transmitted from the top management to employees. The clarity of the organizations directives establishes a foundation that ensures that the employees are held accountable of their actions (Banner Health, 2015).
In summation, Banner Health has sustained their successes by improving the delivery of services. The Banner Health performances have exceeded the internal targets and are reported in the past years to have achieved stretch targets. The organizations financial capacity has been improved such that it can survive any healthcare dynamic trend. Thus, Banner Health is an established and efficient network concerned with improving the community wellbeing (Armbrister, 2012).
References
Armbrister, M. (2012). Just what is Banner Health planning? Northern Colorado Business Report 18(4)p2B-8B
Banner Health (2015). Banner Health Medtrack company profile. Database Business complete. Retrieved from https://www.medtrack.com
In the traditional tale of Columbus’s journey to America he is presented as a modern scientific man who stood against the religious superstition of the past. He, so the story goes, was a great hero who expanded European influence throughout the world.
In this first essay, I want you to compare and contrast a traditional narrative of Columbus’s motivations to a more modern scholarly treatment of Columbus. In this essay I want you to summarize both arguments and examine the evidence used to make the arguments. Be sure to give detail on the argument and the evidence
SAMPLE ANSWER
Christopher Columbus
There are misconceptions and misplaced ideology, facts, and theory when considering the two accounts of the traditional tale of Columbus and the modern scholarly treatment of Columbus. Based on a historical perspective, it can be deduced that Columbus immensely contributed to the expansion of Europe through his discovery of the Western Hemisphere. This has spiked heated debate on the motive of Columbus’ discovery from the traditional and modern scholarly points of view. In this relation, this essay will explicitly compare and contrast the two accounts, giving a detailed account of events and how they unfolded.
Comparison and Contrast
Modern scholars claim that traditional narrative buries the truth in the engagement of Columbus political and religious power. According to the modern scholar, they claim the motive of Columbus in the exploration of the new world the search of power and conquest. This is unlike the traditional narrative which presents Columbus as a Christ-bearer. Moreover, it can be seen that the exploration of Columbus could be based on his quest for power, when he refers to the local as naïve and ignorant, not aware of a sword. This elaborates the act of power that the voyage of Columbus was initiated for in their exploration. The traditional narrative pictured the motive of Columbus as brining a new era in Christianity, opening a new dimension in religion and bringing the connection between the Khan and the Islamic.
Subsequently, considering the language that Columbus uses in his account to interact with the local indigenous community, it is a clear indication that the motive, according to the modern scholar, was basically the urge to gain power. Columbus refers to them as ignorant, subjugate and servants. Such an attribute cannot be termed as Christian or heroic but rather as that of a conqueror.
Modern scholars provide a contrasting view of the motive of Columbus voyage to America. His discovery of the new world cannot be viewed on the ground of liberation or Christianity as the traditional narrative explains. But rather the primary motive according to the modern scholars was to immerse wealth for himself (Hamdani, 1979). America had a reputation was for the rich and those who sought wealth and valuable goods. This was claimed to be Columbus’ chief motive in his voyage of the new world. This opposes the traditional narrative which claimed that his sail to the ocean blue was based on intrinsic good.
The traditional narrative failed to give an account of slavery and violence that Columbus practices during his exploration. This is contrary to the modern scholar who accounts for the violence and slavery the Columbus bestowed on the local natives. According to Hamdani (1979), Columbus’ motive is depicted as that of encircling the Islamic land. Through the Christendom that revolves around the recovery of Jerusalem, he hopes to offer a new era through which new sign and hope are reviewed. Although Columbus’ era can be viewed as traditional, his medieval faith impelled him to bring a new solution to the Christian faith. In the view of the traditional narrative accounts, Christopher is the Christ-bearer of the regenerated Europe (Hamdani, 1979). However, the modern scholar holds a diverging view on the motive and attribute that the traditional narrative envisages on Columbus.
Columbus is centered as the first to create interest in the new discovery and the tremendous profit from reaching new region and marking new discovery in human history. The controversy surrounding Columbus can be attributed to his motive and delegation in exploring the West. Some scholars have argued differently, bringing different ideologies into play to indicate the cause and motivation of Columbus in influencing history. Moreover, comparing the discovery of Columbus to the modern historical view of the world can be seen to envisage different ideas and motives. The traditional narrative gives a heroic account of Columbus through his discovery and brings to light new discovery and information that was unknown to many. His discovery is viewed to be significant in influencing different historical events in the early period, influencing how history is taught and celebrated in a traditional setting. However, the modern treatment of Columbus is quite different from that of the traditional narrative. Modernizations have taken place bridging facts and fiction, while giving deeper meaning to events and history. Modern scholars do not see the significance of the Columbus’ motive in his discovery. Most base their argument on the scale that historical discovery was never new as other people already habited the land. Columbus’ exploration was basically to other places that people had already settled, and this could be accounted through the slavery that his crew was adopting in the places that they discovered.
Both the modern scholars and traditional narratives identify their similarity on the journey of Christopher Columbus by putting forth that it brought change to the local indigenous natives. Christopher was determined to re-identify with the outside world and learn beyond the walls of Europe. Through his voyage, he managed to bring more insight into the outside world. Both the traditional narrative and modern scholars claim that it was due to the exploration of Columbus that a new dawn in religion was experienced. The both concur with the idea that the account of Columbus brought changes to Christianity and impacted the local in different ways.
Reference
Hamdani, A. (1979). Columbus and the Recovery of Jerusalem, Journal of the America Oriental Society, 99(1). 39-48
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It is important that the writer bear in mind that this EBP is to help the patient with type 2 diabetes and not educate the healthcare professionals. So when completing this paper, he must take that into consideration. the writer must also be very detailed when responding to all the questions below. The writer must also note that this paper is a continuation of 113908 and 114068. The writer must reference back to those paper to be able to understand how to respond to this order here. I will also upload the main paper here so that the writer will again see what we are working on as of this time bearing in mind that all this is in preparation of the second section of this paper which will be completed some weeks to come.
During this week’s paper you will focus on implementing the change.
Building on work done in the clinical practicum setting this week, and looking toward work with the EBP, address these questions:
1. What internal and external governing entities (individuals, groups) must approve the change prior to implementation?
2. Is an IRB required? Why or why not?
3. Approximately how long will it take to gain approval to implement your plan?
4. What aspects of your plan might be of concern to governing bodies? Why?
SAMPLE ANSWER
Governing entities
Different governing entities work in partnership with co-regulators in inspecting, investigating, and taking enforcement action where necessary. These entities are responsible for regulating various aspects within the healthcare sector. Some have specific legislative powers that puts in them in a position to respond to patient or service user complaints or incidents (Carlson et al., 2015). Before my project of educating nurses on delivery of quality care to diabetic patients is implemented, some governing entities, both external and internal, should approve it.
External Governing Entities
General Medical Council
This organization plays a crucial role of ensuring clinical settings maintain professional standards. According to Wood et al, it serves to improve the care of patients, use an inspection framework in standardizing independent healthcare services, and reduce healthcare associated infection risk to patients (Wood et al., 2013).
Care Quality Commission (CQC)
This is an independent body that regulates the quality as well as safety of care delivery. It uses information from a wide range of sources to analyze the outcomes of people who have received medical attention. Since my project will be on improve the outcomes of diabetic patients, approval from this commission will be quite significant.
Professional Bodies such as Nursing Association and Diabetic Association.
These organizations ensure that there is proper maintenance of standards by health and social care professionals. They accomplish similar duties for various professions across the country. Their main functions include; setting and maintaining standards for education, training, and conduct (Harvey Wallace et al., 2014). This is a very powerful body which should approve my project before it progresses.
Internal Entities
They include;
Top Level Management in the hospital such as the Chief Medical Officer (CMO)
Chief Hospital Nutritionist
Chief Nursing Officer
These are very important officials in any hospital. Changes that my affect the nature of activities conducted in the hospital should be approved by these individuals. For instance, the CMO is quite important because my project will need some funding which requires his/her approval, the nutritionist will also be at the center of my project since he/she will go through the proposed interventions and ensure that they are in line with the needs of diabetic patients. Since this project will heavily entail execution of the proposed changes by the nurses, the Chief Nursing Officer should also approve the project and ensure that it does not infringe the welfare of the nurses.
Is an IRB Required?
Yes. My project will need an IRB to ensure that the safety and well-being of the patients is maintained, ensure that my project contains only ethical and scientifically effective research prior to implementation, and lastly to solve concerns from the general public regarding the responsible conduct of the project.
Approximately how long will it take to gain approval for implementation of the plan?
The approximated approval time for this project is about one month. This will be suitable because new nurses will be joining the hospital for practice and I would like them to be leading ambassadors of this change.
Aspects that may be of concern to the governing entities
One of the major concerns that may arise is employee resistance. Usually employees tend to oppose change citing reasons that the change may affect their familiarity by changing their expectations and roles in the hospital (Hon, Bloom & Crant, 2014). The governing entities would therefore question what plan I have in place in case such an instance arises.
The other concern will be on finance. The governing entities would like to know my budget and ensure that the allocation will not disrupt major activities of the institution.
Project Planning. They will also like to know how the project is going to be executed. For instance, the project will involve education of some nurses. The entities would not like this training to be conducted at times when some of this nurses should be attending to patients.
References
Carlson, V., Chilton, M. J., Corso, L. C., & Beitsch, L. M. (2015). Defining the Functions of Public Health Governance. American journal of public health, 105(S2), S159-S166.
Harvey Wallace, D., Tilson, H., Carlson, M. V. P., & Valasek, M. T. (2014). Instrumental roles of governance in accreditation: responsibilities of public health governing entities. Journal of public health management and practice: JPHMP, 20(1), 61.
Hon, A. H., Bloom, M., & Crant, J. M. (2014). Overcoming resistance to change and enhancing creative performance. Journal of Management, 40(3), 919-941.
Wood, D., Wood, A., Fleming, D., Macrobin, D., Thomson, D. A. S., Hargrave, M., … & Apjohn, S. D. C. (2013). General Medical Council.
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