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Case Write Up Assignment Available

Case Write Up
Case Write Up Assignment

Case Write Up Assignment

Case Write Up Assignment

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I’ll have to attach my 2 files.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Case Write Up

Executive Summary

Capital One is well-known for its monetary management, information technology, customer service and innovation, and is one of the world’ biggest issuers of Visa and Master Card credit cards. The firm’s client base globally is approximately forty-nine million with managed loans amounting to in excess of $82 billion. The department of loan processing has insufficient associates in each process, and there are particularly few underwriters. Having extremely few workers limits the capacity of the firm to effectively serve the existing clientele. There is an opportunity to redesign the loan process operations such that Capital One’s clients get their approval decisions within 1-2 days so that they all get converted. It is recommended that the management of Capital One hire extra associates as the existing ones are few and the department is understaffed. This would remove the need to work overtime.

Company Overview

Capital One is a company that issues Visa and Master Card credit cards globally. The firm was founded by Nigel Morris and Richard Fairbank. It is renowned for its financial management, information technology, customer service and innovation, and is at the moment one of the world’ biggest issuers of Visa and Master Card credit cards. Capital One’s global client base is roughly forty-nine million with managed loans amounting to in excess of $82 billion. It is notable that since its Initial Public Offer in the year 1994 to the year 2005, the stock price of Capital One has gone up by over 1,400% (Immaneni & Terwiesh, 2007). A major aspect of its business strategy in recent years has been domestic diversification. Following its Initial Public Offer which enabled Capital One to become a public firm, the firm has progressed on both product line and geographic expansion by way of organic growth in credit cards as well as various acquisitions in non-credit card businesses. Some of Capital One’s diversified businesses together with a number of organically grown businesses reside in Capital One’s Global Financial Services organization. It is worth mentioning that the Loan Processing Centre is one of those businesses which supported various loan products including Jumbo loans, Line of credits and small business loans (Immaneni & Terwiesh, 2007).

Analysis

There are not enough associates working in each process. It is notable that at the moment, 14 funded loans are processed each month by every associate and there are 25 associates in total. The department of loan processing at Capital One lacks the capability of handling the volume of application leading to the target of seven-hundred funded loans on a monthly basis which was set after the company’s increased marketing effort. There are particularly very few underwriters at the department: in the process of loan approval, the most difficult job function is underwriting and underwriters are the associates who earn the highest on the team. The department has 8 associates who work as underwriters. An underwriter in the department at any given time can have an inventory that comprises between twenty to fifty applications which the underwriter would be working on (Immaneni & Terwiesh, 2007). Each of the 5 processes are evidently understaffed: the interview process has just 7 associates who call between 200-500 potential clients each day; the workflow management process has only a single Workflow Coordinator; the underwriting process comprises 8 associates; the quality assurance process has just 2 associates; and lastly the closing process has just 6 associates.

Capital One is clearly understaffed and this could affect various aspects of this company. Having extremely few staff members limits the ability of the company to effectively serve the existing clients and expand the business. Even though the top management of Capital One may view understaffing as a way of minimizing overhead costs, it actually has negative impact on the company in the long run. All in all, the quality of service at the firm suffers when there are fewer workers to serve clients. Fewer workers have to work quicker and overtime in order to handle a greater volume of work, and there are increased faults and mistakes made by workers who are stressed as a result of increased workload and being overworked. With time, poor quality of service would diminish the reputation of a company and drive clients away (Kryscynski & Ulrich, 2015). Few workers generally have an increased workload which adds stress to perform work tasks and satisfy the performance expectations. In essence, increased stress will lower not just morale of workers at Capital One, but also their job satisfaction. It will also take a toll on the physical and mental health of workers and could even increase the amount of time required off work. The rates of employee turnover may also go up when overwhelmed staff members quit instead of keeping up with increased workloads at the same rate of pay. Equally important, a company which is understaffed will miss opportunities for growth given that it is not able to satisfy the needs of its customers. Lost business essentially results in lost revenue as well as lost growth into new markets (Kryscynski & Ulrich, 2015). What can be done is basically to increase the number of staff members significantly in each process. Furthermore, the organization should invest considerably in information technology so as to increase the productivity of the company’s current personnel.

There is an opportunity for redesigning the operations of loan processing. The two key areas that need to be redesigned are certainly the underwriting step and the closing step. These two steps should be redesigned since they are the areas in which work in process inventory (WIP) accumulate the most thanks to high incoming volume. When there is a build-up of inventory, managers at the department would request overtime from associates especially from the phone associates and underwriters in order to keep the Apps flowing through the process. In addition, when Apps inventory build up, there would be an increase in customer wait time that consequently impacts conversion negatively. Wait times have a considerable impact on application withdrawals. The Operations Manager, Rick Weis, sampled some Apps and found that while 95 percent of the clients who get their approval decision in 2 days time would be booked as clients, just 83 percent of the clients who wait 11-12 days are actually converted; the remaining 17 percent basically withdraw their application (Immaneni & Terwiesh, 2007). As such, there is an opportunity to redesign the loan process operations such that customers get their approval decisions within a period of not more than 2 days so that all of them get converted and to reduce the proportion of those who withdraw their application.

The current performance metrics used at the department in Capital One are appropriate but not adequate since they only measure two key things, productivity and quality, but disregard other important things such as attendance, efficiency, helpfulness and initiative. At Capital One’s loan processing department, the performance of every associate is measured by tracking the number of hours which the associate worked as well as the number of apps/loan applicants the associate processed. In essence, the ratio of logged hours to the total number of hours paid is more or less 65 percent. This metric is tracked both at the departmental level and associate level with the goal being to meet or surpass 65 percent (Immaneni & Terwiesh, 2007). Besides productivity, the accurateness as measured by Quality Assurance also impacts the payout of incentives. To underscore accurateness and quality, a particular minimum quality score is mandatory for an associate to receive any incentive payout. Furthermore, the managers at the department are held responsible for the total productivity of the department. These performance metrics only focus on productivity and quality of work of employees in the department but overlook other crucial metrics.

Other vital metrics that could have been considered include the following: (i) attendance – it is of great importance to determine whether or not a member of staff is showing up to work. Attendance is something that is certainly worth tracking and it can be a helpful performance metric. If a worker shows up late time after time, takes more sick days than usual and leaves early, then he or she is probably not showing his or her full potential. The causes of poor attendance could include things like employee burnout, health issues or even a lack of motivation (Kondrasuk, 2011). (ii) Efficiency – staff members should be able to carry out their tasks and finish them on time. Employees need to work within the limitations provided by the available resources and time, and they should seek to complete their work as efficiently as possible. When measuring this metric, the company should look for missed deadlines for hints as regards how efficiently a particular worker is working. (iii) Initiative – it is good when staff members ask what is needed. However, it is better when employees see a need and then take the necessary steps to meet the need on their own. It is notable that initiative is a sign of staff engagement and satisfaction (Kondrasuk, 2011). Looking at staff members who take initiative is vital for expanding companies and for workplaces that are changing rapidly and which require workers who are able to adapt and be proactive.

Recommendations

The first recommendation is that the management of Capital One should hire additional associates since the existing associates are few and the department is understaffed. The company needs to weigh the cost of an associate in the department against the revenue amount which is created by the contribution of that associate to the company or department. Even though adding more associates might appear like a more of overhead for the department and the company overall, the value of increased business capability could actually outweigh the cost. Increasing the number of associates would also result in reduced workload particularly for Capital One’s underwriters, which would lead to decreased stress to carry out work tasks and meet performance expectations. It will also eliminate the need to work overtime. Secondly, it is recommended that the department at Capital One include other metrics in performance measurement of its employees/associates rather than focusing primarily on traditional metrics like productivity and quality which could at times be misleading. Other key metrics that should be taken into account include efficiency, initiative and attendance. The third recommendation is that the department should maximize the opportunity of redesigning the loan process operations so that customers get their approval decisions within a period of not more than 2 days. This will ensure that at least 95 percent of them get converted and will reduce the percentage of the customers who withdraw their application.

References

Immaneni, A., & Terwiesh, C. (2007). Loan Processing at Capital One. Wharton: University of Pennsylvania.

Kondrasuk, J. N. (2011). The ideal performance appraisal is a format, not a form. Allied Academies International Conference: Proceedings Of The Academy Of Strategic Management (ASM), 10(1), 61-75.

Kryscynski, D., & Ulrich, D. (2015). Making strategic human capital relevant: A time-sensitive opportunity. Academy Of Management Perspectives, 29(3), 357-369. doi:10.5465/amp.2014.0127

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Statistical power Assignment Paper

Statistical power analysis
Statistical power analysis

Statistical power analysis

Order Instructions:

This paper will be a continues paper and the writer must have a very good understanding of using the software mentioned in this paper. It is critical that the writer stay consistent with all of this paper most importantly reading all instructions and properly following directions to complete each section of the paper. This particular paper consist of 3 main parts to complete and the writer must clearly respond to this 3 main points listed in APA 6th edition. I will email the main dataset mentioned in the questions which will enable the writer to complete this paper. The writer must thoroughly analyze the data as require using the proper means.

For this assignment you use SPSS (PASW) software and learn to properly manipulate data according the APA requirements. This is an important skill and will be a major factor in future assignments in this course, your doctoral studies and dissertation. It is strongly encouraged that you review Chapter 5 of the APA Publication Manual to understand table and figure requirements before starting.
Follow the directions for using SPSS (PASW) in this assignment:
You will then write a 3-4 page paper in which you present your table and an analysis of your findings. Keep in mind that you cannot draw conclusions without further testing. Instead identify notable trends, patterns, relationships, associations, etc. Your paper must meet the following requirements:

• Include an opening including thesis statement, body and conclusion.

• Include a properly stated research question

• Include a properly formatted null and alternative hypotheses

• Follow APA (American Psychological Association) style and include in-text citations and a separate references page

• Software

• IBM SPSS Statistics Standard GradPack (current version). Available in Windows and Macintosh versions.
Course Text(s)

• Green, S. B., & Salkind, N. J. (2014). Using SPSS for Windows and Macintosh: Analyzing and understanding data (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.

o Units 1 and 2, pp. 1–50
? Lesson 1, “Starting SPSS”
? Lesson 2, “The SPSS Main Menus and Toolbar”
? Lesson 3, “Using SPSS Help”
? Lesson 4, “A Brief SPSS Tour”
? Lesson 5, “Defining Variables”
? Lesson 6, “Entering and Editing Data”
? Lesson 7, “Inserting and Deleting Cases and Variables”
? Lesson 8, “Selecting, Copying, Cutting, and Pasting Data”
? Lesson 9, “Printing and Exiting an SPSS Data File”
? Lesson 10, “Exporting and Importing SPSS Data”
? Lesson 11, “Validating SPSS Data”

This text includes a series of step-by-step tutorials for using SPSS statistical software to enter data; generate statistics, charts, and graphs; and format SPSS output in APA style. Tutorials include screenshots as well as real-world examples of the statistics in question.

Datasets

• Pearson Education. (2010). Datasets to accompany Using SPSS for Windows and Macintosh by Green and Salkind [Data file]. Retrieved from http://www.prenhall.com/greensalkind/GreenSalkind.zip copy and paste to retrieve.

Please Note: The SPSS maximum variable data length is 1,500 variables.

Note: You will need a file-compression program, such as WinZip, to unzip this file.

• Main Dataset

Articles

• Corner, P. D. (2002). An integrative model for teaching quantitative research design. Journal of Management Education, 26(6), 671–6 92.
Retrieved from ABI/INFORM Global database.

This article highlights the quantitative research reasoning and process that typifies the stages in a quantitative study. It likens each stage—f ormulating a problem statement, crafting a hypothesis, collecting data, analyzing data, and interpreting findings—to a corresponding step in its proposed integrative model.

Readings

• American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington: Author.

This text is the preferred style manual for business researchers and provides guidance on the formatting and presentation of research conducted with statistical software.

• Boslaugh, S., & Watters, P. A. (2008). Research design. In Statistics in a nutshell. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media. Retrieved from http://proquest.safaribooksonline.com/book/-/9781449361129

This text teaches the beginning statistician when and how to apply different statistical tests. Written as a resource for those without an extensive statistical background, it includes descriptions, illustrations, and solved examples.

Note: The link above takes you to a preview version of the chapter from the publisher and only includes samples of the pages rather than the full text. Click on the “Next” and “Previous” buttons in the upper right of the page to navigate the chapter.

Websites

• Trochim, W. (2006). Web center for social research methods: Selecting statistics. Retrieved from http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/
This site is an online textbook that addresses the topics of a typical graduate course in social research methods, including sampling, measurement, validity, types of designs, and analysis. Learners can navigate the textbook using a graphical research road map or simple table of contents. The textbook addresses the entire research process as well as the statistical aspects of research and is not software-specific. From the main page, click on the ” Selecting Statistics” link.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the dataset aiming to establish trends, patterns relationship, and association and establishing whether there exists a relationship between different variables. Thus, the basis of this paper will be to understand the raw data after analysis (Kraemer, 2015). The output of the analysis will help in noticing different spread and distribution of data. To achieve this SPSS for Windows software will be used to analyze the data provided, notably all the tables and figures will be formatted in American Psychological Association (APA) formatting style. Through this, a masterpiece work will be achieved and some inference drawn about the sample population.

The research will be guided by the following research question: is there a significant difference in injury rate at different working sites when different genders are managing or at a different risk factor?

The stated research questions will act a blueprint and foundation for all analysis that will be carried out (Kraemer, 2015). The research will be based on the hypothesis:

 H0: there is no significance difference in injury rate at different working sites when different genders are managing or at different risk factor.

H1: there is a significance difference in injury rate at different working sites when different genders are managing or at different risk factor.

Thus, the purpose of this paper is to make an inference reject or fail to reject the set claim. To achieve this, a number of analyses will be carried out at 95% level of significance.

Data analysis

The following tables show the frequency distribution of sites, the gender of the supervisors, and risk factor.

Table 1: Site frequency distribution
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Boston 15 29.4 29.4 29.4
Phoenix 19 37.3 37.3 66.7
Seattle 17 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 51 100.0 100.0

 

 

Table 2: SupervisorGender frequency distribution
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
Valid Female 27 52.9 52.9 52.9
Male 24 47.1 47.1 100.0
Total 51 100.0 100.0

 

Table 1 shows that most of the supervisors involved in the research come from Phoenix with a 37.3%, followed by 33.3% from Seattle, and Boston had the least supervisors in the sample. Also, the sample consists 52.9% females and 47.1% males, which is illustrated in Table 2.

To answer the research question whether there exists a relationship between genders of the supervisor, the number of employees, the number of working hours, a risk factor with injury rate, a one-way ANOVA was performed (Gelman, 2014). The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4: ANOVA table summary.
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
NumEmps Between Groups 2263.147 33 68.580 2.136 .050
Within Groups 545.833 17 32.108
Total 2808.980 50
Hours_Worked Between Groups 9791279435.294 33 296705437.433 2.136 .050
Within Groups 2361493333.333 17 138911372.549
Total 12152772768.627 50
SupervisorGender Between Groups 7.973 33 .242 .868 .648
Within Groups 4.733 17 .278
Total 12.706 50
Risk Between Groups 168.286 33 5.100 2.545 .022
Within Groups 34.067 17 2.004
Total 202.353 50

The decision here is to reject the null hypothesis when sig. < The critical value (α = 0.05). Since the sig. Value of number of employees, hours worked, supervisors gender are greater or equal to 0.05 we fail to reject the null hypothesis that they have no significance difference (Andraszewicz, 2014). In that matter, we conclude that they show no significant difference at the 95% level of significance. Nevertheless, risk factor shows significance difference since its p-value is less than the critical level.

To measure the nature of the association between these factors with injury rate, a correlation analysis was done on the data set. The results obtained were as follows.

Table 5: Correlations
number of employees number of hours at work injury rate supervisors gender risk factor site
number of employees Pearson Correlation 1 1.000** -.636** .236 .351* .130
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .096 .012 .363
N 51 51 51 51 51 51
number of hours at work Pearson Correlation 1.000** 1 -.636** .236 .351* .130
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .096 .012 .363
N 51 51 51 51 51 51
injury rate Pearson Correlation -.636** -.636** 1 -.090 -.433** -.074
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .532 .001 .606
N 51 51 51 51 51 51
supervisors gender Pearson Correlation .236 .236 -.090 1 .096 -.047
Sig. (2-tailed) .096 .096 .532 .501 .745
N 51 51 51 51 51 51
risk factor Pearson Correlation .351* .351* -.433** .096 1 .272
Sig. (2-tailed) .012 .012 .001 .501 .054
N 51 51 51 51 51 51
Site Pearson Correlation .130 .130 -.074 -.047 .272 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .363 .363 .606 .745 .054
N 51 51 51 51 51 51
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

As illustrated, there exists a moderate negative correlation between injury rate and risk, number of employees, and number of working hours (Murphy, 2014). However, a weak negative correlation of -0.090) between injury rate and gender of supervisor exists and -0.073986 between injury rate and site (Andraszewicz, 2014).

A model that can predict injury rate using risk, supervisor gender, hours worked, and site as the predictors in the model was as follows;

Injury rate = 53.053735 + 2.559949*(supervisor gender) – 0.000642 * (hours worked) – 2.256611 * (risk) + 1.628766*(site). Nevertheless, the F-table that was obtained after the regression analysis is as tabulated below.

Table 6: ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 7093.819 4 1773.455 9.980 .000b
Residual 8174.037 46 177.696
Total 15267.856 50
a. Dependent Variable: InjuryRate
b. Predictors: (Constant), Site, SupervisorGender, Hours_Worked, Risk

The decision rule is to reject the null hypothesis when |F calculated|> F tabulated­. In this case, F calculated = 9.980 > F 0.05 (3, 47) = 2.61, thus we reject the null hypothesis (Kass, 2014). This means in agreement with (Kraemer,  2015) that there exists a significant difference between these variables.

Conclusion

To sum up all, the primary objective of the research has been achieved, since an inference has been made about the sample population. The analysis has led to the rejection of the null hypothesis, thus concluding that there is a significance difference in injury rate at different working sites, when different genders are managing or at different risk factor. Hence, in a comprehensive way the questions that were posed at the beginning have been fully answered.

References

Kass, R. E., Eden, U. T., & Brown, E. N. (2014). Analysis of Variance. In Analysis of Neural Data (pp. 361-389). Springer New York.

Kraemer, H. C., & Blasey, C. (2015). How many subjects?: Statistical power analysis in research. Sage Publications.

Andraszewicz, S., Scheibehenne, B., Rieskamp, J., Grasman, R., Verhagen, J., & Wagenmakers, E. J. (2014). An introduction to Bayesian hypothesis testing for management research. Journal of Management, 0149206314560412.

Murphy, K. R., Myors, B., & Wolach, A. (2014). Statistical power analysis: A simple and general model for traditional and modern hypothesis tests. Routledge.

Gelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., & Rubin, D. B. (2014). Bayesian data analysis (Vol. 2). London: Chapman & Hall/CRC.

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Comments and constructive criticism Essay

Comments and constructive criticism
          Comments and constructive criticism

Comments and constructive criticism

Order Instructions:

The writer will have to read each of this post and react to them by commenting, analyzing and supporting with relevant articles. The writer will have to read carefully before giving constructive comments on the post. The writer should write a one paragraph of at least 150 words. APA and in text citation must be use as each respond to the two post must have in text citations. The writer will have to use an article to supports his comments in each of the article. Address the content of each post below in a one paragraph each, analysis and evaluation of the topic, as well as the integration of relevant resources.

The details will be send via email

SAMPLE ANSWER

Comments and constructive criticism

 Article one

I do agree with the article on the explanations provided on the differences between qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research aims at collection of information by using broader questions about participants. Quantitative research on the other hand requires application of mathematical theories as well as hypothesis to help in testing of the phenomena (Kasim, Alexander, and Hudson, 2010). The fact that the article has used integrative method is a good idea as it has acted as planning tool; something that ensures that research process is done effectively (Corner, 2002). The research topic on factors that contribute to the success of Upstate of South Carolina is also well done. Application of the five elements of integrative model is important to ensure that all steps and process are followed to ensure that enough information is gathered. The article is as well organized and written. It is also well supported with evidence, hence highly credible and objective.

References

Corner, P. D. (2002).  An integrative model for teaching quantitative research design.  Journal of Management Education, 26(6), 671-692.  doi:10.1177/1052562902238324

Kasim, R., Alexander, K., and Hudson, J. (2010).  A choice of research strategy for identifying    community-based action skill requirements in the process of delivering housing market renewal.  Research Institute for the Built and Human Environment, University of Salford,  UK

Article 2

The article is precise and well organized. This is exemplified through the use of sub headings that address different components of a research paper. I also do agree that indeed, just like qualitative study, quantitative study has some setbacks that the researcher must put to consideration when conducting a study (Creswell, 2013). Appropriate procedures should be put in place to help avoid or eliminate any instances of biasness in variables and data. It is important to use an integrative approach more so for student learners. This approach provides or acts as a guide and this ensures that the study is done appropriately (Corner, 2002). In doctorate study, using this integrative approach is critical. It is important to come up with various hypotheses for testing. This is also put into consideration in this study and it makes this article credible. Furthermore, the article has incorporated various sources that contribute to credibility and credibility.

References

Corner, P. D. (2002). An integrative model for teaching quantitative research design. Journal of Management Education, 26(6), 671-692. https://www.doi:10.1177/1052562902238324

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (Laureate Education, Inc., custom ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage

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Role of a researcher Assignment Available

Role of a researcher
Role of a researcher

Role of a researcher

Role of a researcher

Order Instructions:

The writer will started this paper by explaining in one paragraph who is a researcher using in text citations and a reference to support his explanations and then will proceed to the second part which is the annotated bibliography. And please follow the roles of written an annotated bibliography when completing that part of the paper.

Part 1 (one paragraph)

What do you think is the role of the researcher?

Part 2

Annotated Bibliography

Provide three additional references related to your Doctoral Study topic (The Effects of HRM Practices on Employee Performance) in annotated bibliography format and synthesize these three references into a component of the doctoral study rubric (ex. Nature of study, literature review, etc.) Please follow the format of written an annotated bibliography when completing this part of this paper.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Annotated Bibliography 

Role of a researcher

Theoretically, the role of a researcher is non-existent in quantitative studies (Woods, 1999). The participants act separate of the researcher, there are efforts to remove subjectivity and biases, and if repeated by others, the similar results should be yielded. In qualitative studies, the researcher has a cardinal role of gathering data. He should also describe relevant features of the self, including any assumptions and biases, experiences to qualify her ability of conducting research, and ant expectations (Rumsey, 2008).  He should keep a journal indicating personal reflections and reactions, insights into past and self, and how bracketing will occur. He has to elaborate if his role is etic or emic. He also seeks to create a picture using theories and ideas from different sources (Gorard, 2001).

Annotated bibliography

Akhter, M., Siddique, N., & Alam, A. (2013). HRM Practices and its Impact on Employee Performance: A Study of the Cement Industry in Bangladesh. Global Disclosure of Economics and Business, 2(2).

This research study was founded on the idea that in the current situation, companies may acquire strong competitive advantage if they apply efficient and effective human resource practices, and proper management. The study aimed at assessing the effects of human resource management practices in employee performance using the Bangladesh cement industry context. The researchers tried investigating the effects of different HRM practices components on employee performance using 160 workers from 7 cement companies that were listed in Dhaka Stock exchange. After a regression analysis, it was established that effective human resources management increase employees performance.

Al-Qudah, H. M. A., Osman, A., & Al-Qudah. H. M. (2014). The Effect Of Human Resource Management Practices On Employee Performance. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 3(9), 129- 134.

The aim of the study was examining HRM practices effect on employee performance in MSI (Malaysian Skills Institute). Factors that affect compensation, selection, and recruitment towards performance of employees in MSI were explored. There were forty participants from MSI. Data was gathered using questionnaire and SPSS, correlation analysis, and descriptive statistics were used for analysis. The researchers established that compensation, selection, and recruitment correlated significantly with the performance of employees in MSI. The researchers offered relevant recommendations.

Tabiu, A., & Nura, A. A. (2013). Assessing The Effects Of Human Resource Management Practices On Employee Job Performance: A Study Of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly 5(2), 248- 259.

This study was founded on the desire of companies to achieve more though with less resources, and the increasing dedication to HRM practices improvement globally. The researchers assessed HRM practices impacts on the job performance of employees in Sokoto, Usmanu Danfodiyo University. The researchers came to the conclusion that not all HRM practices correlated significantly to employee job performance. They recommend that reviewing the HRM practices regularly can help a lot.

References

Gorard, S. (2001). Quantitative methods in educational research: The role of numbers made easy. London: Continuum.

Rumsey, S. (2008). How to find information: A guide for researchers. Maidenhead, England: Open University Press.

Woods, P. (1999). Successful writing for qualitative researchers. London: Routledge.

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Performance Management Systems

Performance Management Systems
Performance Management Systems

Approaching the Planning and Design of Performance Management Systems

Order Instructions:

There are many ways of describing ‘the human element’ in business, including motivation, engagement, career development, conflict resolution, joy at work etc. Ideally, what is best for the company is also best for its people. People who are committed to and take pride in their work are more likely to contribute to organisational performance. Is this always the case? Can performance management systems be designed to both help achieve the organisation’s goals and develop its people?

In this Collaboration, you will explore, how to approach the planning and design of performance management systems for optimal effectiveness.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Performance Management Systems

Introduction

In line with this, it is considerably essential to determine that many organizations use the performance management approach as a means of measuring and evaluating its employee’s behavior and achievements over specified durations (Aguinis, 2012). The central purpose of this paper is determining viable approaches into the planning and design of a performance management system that ensures an optimal effectiveness within an organization.

Approaching the Planning and Design of Performance Management Systems

It is essential to denote that improving the morale, developing loyalty and increasing the staff’s productivity within the employees of an organization through performance management remains an essential element in optimizing the effectiveness of an organization and its workforce (Aguinis, 2012). An efficient performance management system is one that puts into consideration a performance culture which develops employee engagement within an organization. This process, therefore, includes the setting, measuring, and rewarding the employees for the achieved expectation. In planning and designing a performance management system, an organization, in this case, needs to consider:

Defining its Goals

It is essential to determine that the first step into this approach is in setting the stage in a correct manner that considers the individual goals and aligning them to the corporate’s strategy. This process needs a collaborative approach that involves the managers and the company’s employees (Aguinis, 2012). Once a company establishes its wider scope strategy, the individual goals are then developed that support the bigger picture. The major job functions and responsibilities are then shared and individual’s needs are addressed through a framework.

The goals should be defined in a specified manner that allows the employees to understand what is required of them, when and the capacity (Winter, 2014/2015). The goals should also be measurable through an approach that provides milestones aimed at tracking the progress that would motivate the employees towards achieving their individual goals. The success of the goals also needs to be achievable with the collaborative efforts of all the employees.  The goals should also focus on the overall organization’s strategy and be grounded within a time frame.

Monitoring the Progress of the Goals

It is also essential for managers to employ approaches of determining the progress of the employees with the aim of setting up assistances and resources for training when the goals and targets may be missed (Winter, 2014/2015). This enables the managers to determine their employee’s productivity, as well as the employees who are able to track their progress in achieving their goals. A review into the team goals over time is essential in stressing the organization’s focus.

Appraisal Process

This approach ensures that the best is received from the employees through an approach that listens, observes, and gives feedback including the provision of recognition of their needs (Winter, 2014/2015). An essential element in this process is to provide positive feedback on the successful achievements of the employees and to develop approaches to enable the employees to meet their skills. This bestows a sense of loyalty to an organization.

Pay-for-Performance Compensation

In order to retain an organization’s top talent, it is essential to determine motivational approaches that would meet the employee’s expectations. Through the pay performance, the organization is in a position to align the goals and objectives of the company in rewarding and motivating their employees who perform well while in an approach aimed at making them the assets of a company (Winter, 2014/2015). A successful pay-for performance strategy of compensation can be an essential factor in retaining the talents

Conclusion

An efficient performance management system is one that puts into consideration a performance culture which develops employee engagement within an organization. This process, therefore, includes the setting, measuring, and rewarding the employees for the achieved expectation.

References

Aguinis, H. (2012) Performance management, 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.

Winter, C. (2014/2015) ‘Redefining performance management’, Human Resources Magazine, 19 (5), pp.22-23

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The Long 19th Century Essay Assignment

The Long 19th Century
              The Long 19th Century

The Long 19th Century

Order Instructions:

This essay assignment is comprised of two parts.

PART I

In a complete 2-3 page essay, answer ONLY 1 of the following two questions: (your choice)

1. Why was it difficult for non-European societies to match European economic and military achievements during the Long 19th Century? Why was it hard to industrialize?

2. If one compares India to the Ottoman Empire or China, was it more or less advantageous to be a European colony as opposed to a target of European interference during the 19 th century?

PART II

You may use your text, anything from our blackboard class and you should choose 1 (quality) internet source.

You will provide a 1 entry Turabian style bibliography for your source.

You will be graded as follows:

Correct Turabian Bibliography 20pts. Complete answer with examples and quality content 40 pts. Personal perception based on content, 20pts. Correct format of paper 20pts.

Please use MS Word

SAMPLE ANSWER

The Long I9th Century Repeat

The 19th century was marked with the decline of non-European societies such as the Ottoman Empire, Egypt, and the Mediterranean region.[1] In the earlier 14th to 16th centuries, Ottoman empire was the dominating regime. In the later 17th century, the east and the west caught up with Ottoman and a balance between the forces marked the century. It was not until the 18th century when Ottoman ability to adapt to the environment and experienced significant losses. These losses were economic, military, and administrative among others. Various factors contributed to the non-European societies’ inability to sustain economic and military power.

Factors that Hindered Non-European Societies from Matching the European Military and Economic Accomplishments

Rulers in Non-European societies contributed largely to the economic retrogression in their regions. In Ottoman, for instance, Sultans failed to encourage novel and advanced practices of wealth acquisition such as scientifically motivated agriculture. While the Sultans and their community engaged in minimal studies of their economy, their European counterparts were engaged in merchandizing and exploring sources of raw materials for their industries.[2] The Sultans also failed to promote the middle class who was more interested in commerce than they were, and instead, they perceived the middle class as a threat to their authority

The empire also neglected the poor and left them to wander in towns while being jobless.  Peasant could not engage in activities such as agriculture as the empire did not promote the venture. On the other hand, the Europeans were advancing their agriculture, and communities could produce commodities such as wheat and cattle for the international market.2

Decline in military power was associated to poor civilization. Leaders engaged their military troops in activities that benefited them instead of their societies. In Ottoman, for example, some of the duties that the empire engaged its military included looting property form their neighborhood as a means of accruing wealth for the rulers. 2

In Ottoman, the military system was also particularly weakened by changes that allowed Janissaries to marry and engage in trade, hence compromising their loyalty to the authorities.2 Again, there were more uneducated recruits in the military, and the move caused significant impairment in the running of military affairs.

Factors that Limited Industrialization

Unemployment was a setback factor for the industrialization of Non-European societies in the 19th century. People had no jobs and their production was diminished and so they could not sustain manufacturing industries with raw materials. Also, there were trade imbalances between the poor and the wealthy.  The rich and rulers in the societies accrued more wealth by exploiting the poor. As such, the rich enjoyed luxurious lives while the poor and the middle class could not advance their manufacturing businesses. Demotivation of entrepreneurs by the rulers was also intensive among the non-Europeans.[3] In Ottoman, for example, Sultans feared that investors would be a challenge to their authorities and so they discouraged them through heavy taxation. 1 The society also got obsessed with culture, religion, and tradition at the expense of civilization. Due to Conservativeness, people engaged too much in their tradition at the expense of changes. The societies also oriented their expenditure toward non industrial venture such as support for the bureaucratic and the military. There was little left to fund industrialization.

Bibliography

Buzan, Barry and Lawson, George .2013. The global transformation: the nineteenth century and the making of modern international relations. International studies quarterly, 59 (1). ISSN 0020-8833 (In Press)

Smitha, F. K. “Safavid decline and fall”. Macrohistory and World Timeline. (2015). Accessed October 28, 2015. http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h21saf-3.htm

Tilly, R. H. 2010. Industrialization as a historical process. European HistoryOnline. Accessed October 28, 2015 http://ieg-ego.eu/en/threads/backgrounds/industrialization

[1] Buzan, Barry and Lawson, George .2013. The global transformation: the nineteenth century and the making of modern international relations. International studies quarterly, 59 (1). ISSN 0020-8833 (In Press)

[2] Smitha, F. K. “Safavid decline and fall”. Macrohistory and World Timeline. (2015). Accessed October 28, 2015. http://www.fsmitha.com/h3/h21saf-3.htm

[3] Tilly, R. H. “Industrialization as a historical process”. European HistoryOnline. (2010). Accessed October 28, 2015 http://ieg-ego.eu/en/threads/backgrounds/industrialization

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Mistakes Companies Make with Global Marketing

Mistakes Companies Make with Global Marketing
Mistakes Companies Make with Global Marketing

The Most Common Mistakes Companies Make with Global Marketing

Order Instructions:

Choosing 2 articles that provided in the files and follow the instruction to write 1000 words per article.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Case Studies

Article 1: The Most Common Mistakes Companies Make with Global Marketing

Question 1

The article talks about marketing at a global perspective. It mentions the significance of marketing when it comes to the point of a company seeking to expand in a global manner. The article clearly illustrates the significance of the marketing team when such a time comes for a given organization, firm or company.

In the current world we live in, small enterprises usually want to go largely by venturing into the global market. Doing business on a global scale is not an easy task. The article demonstrates that if a business organization seeks to expand and enter the global market. The organization needs to have two things. The means to expand in a global way.  And secondly, a good team of marketers that will ensure that the company is known in a given market as soon as it branches out to that specific geographical location. Although the article focuses on the aspect of marketing.

The author of the article gives his insights on what he knows about marketing using the experience he has in the given sector. He goes on to show that marketer is doing things the wrong way. The article goes further to articulate the wrong doings by marketers and the implication of their wrong doings. The author also gives clear examples and illustrations that vividly explain the situation regarding marketing at a global scale. Therefore, marketing on a global scale is the main idea being discussed in the given article.

Question 2

I tend to agree with the author that as far as the global market is concerned. Most of the marketers are using the wrong approach in tackling the marketing situation. For instance. Instead of the marketers specializing in a given area. They end up categorizing a given section of the market in a way that will not give the specific attention to a given nation. This is surely a recipe for disaster, and a company whose marketing team is making such strategic choices is doomed to fail in the global market. The author is correct to say that the markers should give special attention to a given section of the global market.

Considering that each section has its unique attributes that define the consumer behavior in a given area. The need for specialization becomes very crucial. Therefore, such an approach should be used to tackle different nations in a different and unique manner that is specific to the nation in question.

Another issue on which I agree with the author is that marketers need to understand that different markets need different approaches to marketing and sale. A company cannot use the same game plan that made it attain domestic success at a global marketing perspective. Therefore, each market region should be researched, understood, defined and then marketing can be done according to the information acquired from the research.

Lastly, I tend also to agree with the author on one more issue. The idea that one product was successful in a given market region will not ascertain the success of the same product in another market. Therefore, as it is mentioned in the article. It is wise for the company to adapt their product offerings to conform to the consumer needs of that specific market region.

 

Question 3

The article can be quite a learning point to most marketing teams that face a challenge in understanding the dynamics of the global market. It is paramount that some of the key points in the article are provided for use by these marketers. There are at least four key points that would help a marketer become more informed on the global approach to marketing.

One of the undisputable facts that have been mentioned in the paper includes the fact that a product that has been successful in a given market niche cannot necessarily be successful in other totally different regions. The above point can be comprehended well if all the factors to consider are elaborated in a simple but clear manner.

Culture is one of those significant factors that are considered in approaching a given foreign market. For instance, different nations have different people inhabiting them. However, sometimes the cultures may differ while at other times they may concur. Hence, if a product that was successful in country A is introduced to country B. the product will not be perceived well by the market in country B. Therefore, it may not be successful. However, if the product is altered, modified and even completely changed to adapt to the market in country B. Then it will receive a positive perception.

Question 4

The author of the article in question has given quite a handful of significant advice on specific marketing strategies that help in dealing with the global market. However, what the author did not eventually make complete in this article is the implications that these marketing strategies have for a given marketing team that chooses to follow the given approach. Therefore, let’s discuss the implications of these strategies. Lets start with the first strategy of specifying nations when approaching a global market with an aim to succeed in marketing. Every nation has a different set of people with different culture and other factors that are crucial to marketing (Gordon, 2012). Hence, for a successful marketing campaign. A product should be modified in a way that it is in line with the unique characteristics or behavior of consumers in a given nation. This would give the product a competitive advantage over their competitors who used a totally different approach. Secondly, a product profile should be by a nation’s rules and policies (Boon et al., 2015). Considering that every country has a set of different rules. The organization needs to take all that into consideration for business to go on as usual. Therefore, marketing is an involving discipline in business that requires high specialization and adaptation upon thorough research of a given market region.

Article 3: Games Can Make You A Better Strategist

Question 1

The article talks about how games can be used as tools for to be a better strategist in every business decision an individual makes. In the past, games were not associated with strategic thinking. By recent research has shown that a person who uses games to develop their thinking strategy-wise has a better chance of further developing strategic decision-making skills that save time and effort and provide the desired result. The article goes on to describe how effective a game can be in nurturing talent in the workplace. In the current age of technology we live in. Games have become so popular due to the numerous apps that have been created to be used on smartphones.

There has never been an easier way to play games than on a phone. Therefore, as stated in the article, games can be quite an interactive way for an employee in a certain business organization to develop their analytical and problem-solving skills. This would eventually give the organization a competitive advantage due to the competitive edge brought about by the use games to explore the world of strategic thinking in a more fun perspective. However, according to the author, things are not so good for this phenomenon.  Considering that the younger generation will be wanting of this approach than the older generation of employees. Therefore, a barrier of interest is created. This barrier leads to the limited use of the approach to the development of strategic thinking. Where, it is only possible in some group of employees and not usable to another different group of employees.

Question 2

The author has clearly illustrated the point about games and strategic thinking. The article has some truth to it. However, some parts are misguided elements. The truth is contained in the fact that games can improve your thinking capacity, especially strategic thinking and decision-making capabilities. The significance games can then be understood remotely by reading the article. However, games at times act as distractions that may take away the seriousness in the work environment.

Moreover, games become such a nuisance once everyone is playing them in the workplace. Furthermore, they lead to wastage of scheduled time that is important for the conduct and attention of another important process that happen in a given organization. Consequently, I agree that games are a good tool.

However, they need to be used appropriately ti be useful in an organization. They can be very useful tools if they are used in the following ways. Let there be a forum for strategic thinking in which all employees will attend. This forum may involve different tactics used ti train individual to be critical and strategic thinkers.  A game like chess is a very beautiful and useful game. This game calls for a keen for mistakes and opportunities to recover what is lost from the mistake. Therefore, the use of a game such as chess will surely help employees in an organization turn out to be good players in the game of chess and the game of business.

Question 3

The lessons learned from the article must be looked at from a positive perspective. It is not the custom for employees to keep playing games after they have entered the workplace. This would result in lowering of employee performance. Moreover, different types of games exist in the world. Due to the current technology. People can share the high score of a given game. To effectively use these games in an interesting way that would capture almost all the employees. Some factors need to be considered

One is the age factor; most aged people do not play games, except Golf sport. However, it is clear that their interests are laid somewhere. Therefore, it leaves us the young lads to lead the project. Therefore, the young lads may be the key to the hidden potential; of strategic thinkers among themselves. Each game should have its purpose so that the employees know how they are playing a game to achieving a given skill at the end. However many games help in developing the thinking capacity of given individual.

It can also be a demeaning activity. Which gives a reason as to why such a game should not be conducted. This would help in a big way. Considering that games also relieve stress, they can be used appropriately by ensuring that they are played at scheduled time and with different people to experience and interact with other human beings like you.

Question 4

The strategic implication of a game in marketing can be quite a helpful. For instance, playing a game to find out if there are regions in the world that have similar cultures that will give the similar consumer behavior towards a certain product (Proctor, 2014). The whole point of strategic marketing is to have a given competitive edge over your competitors. To achieve this, games can be used as a strategic planning tool and marketing tools to help understand different aspects of marketing in the correct manner and use this information to the advantage of the organization in question.

Another important application of games in the workplace would increase the level of research dome into the various market region (Gordon, 2012). The information obtained will be valuable if not important. The importance may come after the marketing team has come together and discussed the information. Hence, a game may be created for that particular decision-making process. When the game gets played. The perfect situation is played out, and it is viable for use by the organization to conduct a certain marketing activity that is related.

References

Boon, B. T. L., & Liang, T. W. (2015). Firms’ Marketing Mix Effectiveness and Modes of Entry in the Host Countries. In Proceedings of the 1998 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 474-474). Springer International Publishing.

Gordon, R. (2012). Re-thinking and re-tooling the social marketing mix. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 20(2), 122-126.

Huang, R., & Sarigöllü, E. (2012). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix. Journal of Business Research, 65(1), 92-99.

Proctor, T. (2014). Strategic marketing: an introduction. Routledge.

West, D., Ford, J., & Ibrahim, E. (2015). Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press.

Wilson, R. M., & Gilligan, C. (2012). Strategic marketing management. Routledge.

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Mental Health: Alzheimer’s Disease Case Study

Mental Health: Alzheimer’s Disease
Mental Health: Alzheimer’s Disease

Mental Health: Alzheimer’s Disease

Order Instructions:

A patient has been admitted to the mental health unit with a diagnosis of bi-polar disorder. During a meeting the family inquires about the use of alternative therapies. Based on your readings and knowledge discuss what the RN would teach the patient and family and incorporate modalities, usefulness, effectiveness and how to increase compliance with therapeutic modalities

Alzheimer’s is a condition that is increasing in incidence in our population. There is no differential diagnosis so the start of the disease may go unnoticed. Once the manifestations become more apparent it often places a tremendous strain on the caregiver. Caregiver role strain is a nursing diagnosis that is frequently applied in the situation. Since patient wandering and confusion are common for the patient with Alzheimer’s disease what would the RN teach the family about maintaining a safe environment? Discuss the support systems that are available to families

SAMPLE ANSWER

Mental Health: Alzheimer’s Disease

Memory loss is a critical manifestation of Alzheimer’s syndrome. The condition places patient at the risk of harm from the environment. For instance, impaired memory would predispose people to practices such as leaving their electrical appliances running and unattended. Teaching care givers on approaches of protecting their patients would be a necessary health management plan.

Registered nurses should teach families of Alzheimer’s patients to keep abreast with their loved ones. Families should know their role on monitoring their patients so that they do not hurt themselves when performing basic duties such as cooking and driving. Also, families would be advised to promote the safety of their patients’ environment by installing appliances that can shut automatically when left unattended (US National Institute of Health, 2010, Pg. 14). The nurses would also advise patient families to limit the exposure of their loved ones to wandering as the practice would place them at the dangers of getting lost or encountering accidents. Families would do so by providing the needs that would motivate patients to wander.

Caring for Alzheimer’s disease patients is often challenging for families. It is therefore necessary for them to seek support systems for the activity. Available support systems include voluntary groups and friends who would offer to help for services such as cleaning and shopping for the patients (Robinson, Wayne, & Segal, 2015). Healthcare professionals would also be of substantial support as they would help families to monitor the progress of their patients. In addition, families could exploit support systems such as workshops that train people on care giving skills (Robinson, Wayne, & Segal, 2015). Other approaches include exploring online materials and books that address the management of Alzheimer’s disease.

Reference

Robinson, L., Wayne, M., & Segal, J. (2015). Support for Alzheimer’s and dementia caregivers: how to get the caregiving help you need. Helpguide.org. Retrieved from http://www.helpguide.org/articles/caregiving/support-for-alzheimers-and-dementia-caregivers.htm

U.S. National Institutes of Health. (2010). Home safety for people with Alzheimer’s disease. National Institute on Aging. Retrieved from https://d2cauhfh6h4x0p.cloudfront.net/s3fs-public/home_safety_for_people_with_alzheimers_disease_2.pdf

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Applying the Integrative Model Assignment

Applying the Integrative Model
        Applying the Integrative Model

Applying the Integrative Model

Order Instructions:

I will send the article for this paper via email.

Applying the Integrative Model

In order to put quantitative research into a larger context, it is helpful to think about how the application of quantitative analysis may inform and shape the path of one’s research. You may recall that research methodology does not begin—nor does it end—with a decision to apply a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods design. In fact, that decision has a pivotal position in the process once predecessor factors, such as the research question and purpose statement, are in place.

The article “An Integrative Model for Teaching Quantitative Research Design,” by Corner, proposes a thought process as well as a staged research agenda. Thinking about your own potential Doctoral Study topic, (The Effects of HRM Practices on Employee Performance) how would you align your thought process with this integrative model? Based upon your reading of the article, does this approach make sense for your Doctoral Study? Why or why not?

Here below is the citation to be use in the reference section of the paper.

Patricia, D. C. (2002). An integrative model for teaching quantitative research design. Journal of Management Education, 26(6), 671. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/195717995?accountid=14872

SAMPLE ANSWER

Applying the Integrative Model

The integrative model will be useful in the meta-analytic process in evaluating of the design elements. The model provides the chance for the refinement of the elements when the need arises. The integrative model is applicable in most management situations as an executive learning process (Patricia, 2002). While carrying out the research about my potential doctoral topic it the alignment of the thoughts towards the integrative model will be essential. Since the models are mostly applicable in the management situations such as the one presented in the topic, it will be very important for adoption in this research topic. Building the knowledge about the topic will be the first approach to the research topic using the integrative model (Patricia, 2002). The creation of hypothesis questions is vital e.g. Do the HRM practices have the positive or negative impact on the performance of employees? What are the main components of the practices with massive impact on the employee performance? These hypothesis questions will be used in investigating more about the topic. The continuous measure will be mainly used during the process of building knowledge. The regression analysis will be mainly used as the technique of analysis when it comes to measuring and determining whether the HRM practices impact employee performance.

Formulation of the hypothesis of will is vital after building knowledge (Maxwell, 2012. The hypothesis for this research will be that HRM practices are positively correlated with the performance of employees. Some of the hypotheses formulated include; Training impacts the training of employees positively.HRM practices are positively correlated with the performance of employees. These are some of the formulated hypotheses used in more investigation about the topic. Development of measures will be essential. Measurement will be made considering the scale or continuous measures (Storbacka, 2012). The relationship between the practices and the employee performance will be measured using the correlation factor after analysis using the statistical software. The adoption of an analytical technique will involve the identification of the most appropriate tool for analysis of the responses. Regression analysis will be most suitable for this topic considering the type of measure used and the hypotheses. The relationships will be investigated, but the main focus will be on correlation relationships between the dependent variable and independent variables (Maxweel, 2012). Planning of data collection will be the final stage of the research in alignment to the integrative model. Some of the variables of interest will include training, job definition, performance appraisal and also employee participation. Questionnaires will be used in collecting data while response put in the SPSS software for analysis. The plan for data collection will be integrated with the variables, hypotheses, and analysis (Gliner et al, 2012). Alignment of the research thoughts with the integrative model will be vital in acquiring a lot of information in a systematic way during the investigation of the topic.

The approach makes sense for my doctoral study as it facilitates the basis for testing and clarifying some of the questions or beliefs about the topic. In this case more will be learned by using incorporating the model in the research study. The model provides a framework for thinking about problems and decisions in different perspectives similar to my case (Patricia, 2002). The approach will be crucial as it will shift focus from solving problems to building knowledge and learning that is the greatest achievement in a doctoral study. The model will also provide an overarching picture the research design most appropriate in any study (Patricia, 2002). These reasons make me think adopting the approach will make sense for my doctoral study.

References

Gliner, J. A., Morgan, G. A., & Leech, N. L. (2011). Research methods in applied settings: An integrated approach to design and analysis. Routledge.

Maxwell, J. A. (2012). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach: An interactive approach. Sage.

Patricia, D. C. (2002). An integrative model for teaching quantitative research design. Journal of Management Education, 26(6), 671

Storbacka, K. (2011). A solution business model: Capabilities and management practices for integrated solutions. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(5), 699-711.

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Personal Nursing Philosophy Concept Synthesis

Personal Nursing Philosophy
                    Personal Nursing Philosophy

Personal Nursing Philosophy Concept Synthesis

Order Instructions:

Please use the *Topic title above and search your records because you have this paper description on your webpage already so you have wrote on the same topic before.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Concept Synthesis: Personal Nursing Philosophy

The necessity of philosophy in nursing is to facilitate practice by enhancing the understanding of nurses about the concepts they encounter when executing their roles.  Nursing is an old profession and theoretical models help pass the knowledge and experience of predecessors to the current generation of practitioners. This ensures that nurses can solve issues more efficiently when using models than they would do in the absence of the philosophies. It is therefore imperative that the current nursing is better than that of the older days, and theoretical models are vehicles of practice advancement. In this paper, I reflect on the application of the four metaparadigms of nursing as they are outlined in nursing models and as they apply to practice. I will discuss the nursing, patient, health, and environment aspects comprehensively and conclude by outlining several propositions that connect the discussed metaparadigms.

The Four Nursing Metaparadigms

Metaparadigms are ideas that describe the holistic functioning of a particular system. In nursing practice, such metaparadigms are rigid in that they would not change with the emergence of new theories, and instead, developed models fall within the metaparadigms. Basically, nursing practice falls within the four established concepts, and practitioners rely on their understanding to deliver care that is satisfactory to their clients. The metaparadigms interconnect in a way that they form the scope of practice and offer references for nurses when making of clinical decisions.

  • Health

I understand health to be the outcome or the objective of the entire process of nursing. The purpose of nursing is to restore health or well-being in patients regardless of the methodologies that they apply. The responsibility of nurses is to know what factors hurt health and how people could remain healthy through approaches such as preventing disease and treating them. I also consider health to be a form of satisfaction. People are unhealthy if they have bothers regardless of the nature of such bothers. Usually, alleviation of health could be physical, psychological, or spiritual. Lack of satisfaction from any of the three approaches translates to dissatisfaction which is the disease status. Since health entails the maintenance of processes to a certain regular state, it is possible for people to lose it through distractions that would interfere with physical, psychological, or spiritual normalcy. Disease is the problem that motivates nursing practice and the interaction between patients and nurses, and health is the expected outcome of the holistic process. Failure to achieve the state of wellbeing is therefore a frustration to nursing practice. It is also important to note that health cannot be described as a discrete status, but it is rather a relative condition. For instance, what could be health at a certain age could be unhealthy at a different age. Other factors that could influence the perception of health include gender, environment, and one’s physiological condition. Again, it is worth noting that while various factors could influence the perception of health without necessarily causing disease, others would predispose people to abnormalities.

  • Environment

Far than it may seem, the environment is essentially important to nursing practice. Usually, it is the vehicle that nurses propel to generate health.  Nightingale suggested that the curing or treatment process only entail the provision of a combination of environmental situations that would favor the restoration of normalcy in the human body (Jones, 2010, Pg. 190). The philosopher argued that healing itself is a natural occurrence and nursing, just like any other area, has minimal contribution to bringing health into persons. Instead, the practice facilitates the occurrence of desirable natural outcomes by manipulating the environment so that it increases chances of happenings being desirable. The scope of the environment is broad and it could be interpreted to incorporate the nature and all other conditions that influence the wellness condition of patients. As such, the environment could be so broad so as to entail factors such as the behavioral practices that nurses perform. Generally, anything whose presence influences the outcomes of the wellness status in people would constitute the environment. It is essential to know that the concept of environment in nursing entails both external and internal determinants. The external factors range from the geography of the setting of patient care and social factors such as culture and interactions. On the other hand, internal factors include the prevailing health outcome determinants such one’s mental health. Nurses are obliged to understand the environment of their patients for them to offer effective and satisfactory care. For instance, they would require the knowledge of the environment when determining the level of patients’ predisposition to diseases.

  • Person

The person as explained in the metaparadigms of nursing refers to the subject of care. The concept would refer to the patient at a glance, but upon a more comprehensive analysis, it would also entail other interested persons such as patient’s families. In other words, the person is any party that would directly enjoy the outcomes of the nursing process. The nursing process directs its services to the person and seeks to achieve satisfaction. The person is important in the nursing process as factors that such as the culture and beliefs of the recipient of care would shape the structure of nursing. Parties such as Patients’ families are also critical in nursing as they are involved actively in making clinical decision together with patients and nursing. Rodger’s theory explains the concept of person in nursing practice as a unitary being that develops after the interaction of physical, social, and other environmental determinants of health. Other philosophers who gave a comprehensive understanding of the person in nursing include Henderson and Watson. In his philosophy, Henderson explained that the biological, psychological, and spiritual determinants of the recipient of care are essential when considering the nursing process (Jarrin, 2012, Pg. 17). On his side, Watson explained the necessity of the unity of the nature, mind, and body in driving nursing practice (Bell, Campbell, & Goldberg, 2015). When caring for patients, nurses pay attention to the person by promoting the mental and physical health of their clients prior to initiating treatment. They also pay attention to the person by promoting cultural-sensitive care as different patients would present with specific cultural and belief needs. When nurses focus on the needs of the patient, they comply with the models of nursing that require care to be directed to the person concept.

  • Nursing

Nursing as defined in philosophical models is the professional practice whose competence one acquire through training, knowledge search, and experience.  Qualified professionals conduct themselves in a particular way that allows them to establish healthy interactions with their patients. For effective nursing, there are virtues that professionals must express toward their patients. For instance, the virtue of compassion would apply on everyday nursing practice as the professionals would always deal with suffering clients whose wellness would require emotional support. The nursing component also involves activities such as promoting and preserving the dignity of patients.  Peplau described nursing practice as a therapeutic process that involves interpersonal relationships between parties for the best outcomes (Deane & Fain, 2015). Important activities that happen within the concept of nursing as models indicate include critical decision-making. In most cases, clinical decisions would not be straight-forward, and it would be necessary for nursing practitioners to determine the appropriate approaches through critical thinking. Commitment and dedication to service are also virtues that would facilitate nursing practice. Nursing involves caring for others, and therefore, commitment and dedication are inseparable from practice for it to be efficient. Also, it is worth noting that nursing upholds human values and its purpose is to protect such values by addressing the health needs of people.

Concepts Specific to Practice

Evidence-Guided Nursing

Nursing is a science, and therefore, it is informed by scientific evidence. Evidence-guided practice is associated with the application of the best available strategies of care. Nursing adopts the evidence-based nature so as to promote patient outcomes. Scientific evidence mainly applies to practice by facilitating decision-making and describing the safety of choices made. The approach enable nurses to link practice to research so that information is appraised through research prior to its application to patient care. It also enhances the competence of nurses by ensuring that they stay informed and updated about the available practice approaches. In addition, evidence-based practice enables practitioners to address the preferences of their clients effectively. The current nursing has more than forty-seven models that offer guidelines concerning the application of evidence-based practice at its disposal (Stevens, 2013).

Patient Education

The scope of nursing entails roles such as mentorship, guidance, and teaching of patients. Nurses promote patients’ well-being by ensuring that they are informed ion various matters of health. Information enables patients to participate actively in the health care provision by facilitating practices such as decision-making and administration of self-care. Other advantages of patient education to nursing include promotion of patient compliance as people can understand the necessity of specific treatment procedures. However, due to other patient factors such as illiteracy, nursing may find it frustrating to educate patients. So as to overcome such limitations, practitioners explore theoretically advocated approaches to patient care. Activities involved in such practices include the assessment of individualized teaching, maintenance of favorable learning environment, application of effective strategies, and evaluation of the effectiveness of teaching (Smith & Zsohar, 2013).

Propositions

Proposition dictate the assumptions that theories incorporate in their structure for their suggestions to be applicable. The following are the propositions I deduced from the discussion of various metaparadigms of nursing:

Nursing is a holistic practice that addresses both clinical and non-clinical factors that influence the health of patients.

Nursing entails the manipulation of environmental factors so that they favor the natural occurrence of the desired outcomes.

Social and cultural factors of patients such as interactions in the community and beliefs are important determinants of health approaches that nurses should consider during their practice.

Poor mental health is a set back to the provision of quality health care services to patients.

Patients would be able to manage their health if they are informed accordingly by nursing professionals.

References

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Jarrin, O. F. (2012). The Integrality of Situated Caring in Nursing and the Environment. Ans. Advances in Nursing Science, 35(1), 14–24. http://doi.org/10.1097/ANS.0b013e3182433b89

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