Shifting Earnings Overseas; FASB Codification

Shifting Earnings Overseas; FASB Codification
Shifting Earnings Overseas; FASB Codification

Shifting Earnings Overseas; FASB Codification

US Companies Shifting Earnings Overseas

FASB Codification Topic #740

U.S. companies are saving $100 billion a year by shifting profits overseas
by Ranae Merle; May 10, 2016
Reviewed by LuAnn Bean

According to a study released in May 2016, U.S. multinational companies are saving $100 billion a year by shifting profits overseas to lower their tax bills. “In addition to merging or buying smaller foreign firms and moving their headquarters overseas to lower their tax rates, known as an inversion, companies also assign patents to subsidiaries in countries in which the profits made from them will be taxed at a lower rate” (Merle, 2016: U.S. companies are saving $100 billion a year by shifting profits overseas).

Video: Tax Havens Explained with Maps (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t3Qjcb0_9OU&feature=youtu.be)

Transcript of video( http://explainedwithmaps.com/tax-havens/)

Randomly select and answer 1 of the following statements to spark class discussion:
Reminder: the goal is to engage with your classmates; simply posting your answer is insufficient to earn credit for discussions

Questions to spark class discussion:

  • Is shifting profits overseas tax fraud? Why or why not?
  • Explain the mechanism companies are using to shift profits overseas.
  • Which countries are companies shifting profits to and why (be specific)?
  • Propose U.S. Congressional acts that could mitigate the lost of tax revenue caused by companies shifting profits overseas .
  • Describe the risks of shifting cash from illegitimate organizations to legitimate financial markets.
  • Does shifting earnings overseas impact earnings per share for US shareholders? Be specific.

Related articles:
China Plans to Get Tough on Corporate Tax Evasion; (https://www.marketwatch.com/story/china-plans-to-get-tough-on-corporate-tax-evasion-2016-05-18-64852224)
New rules would make it more difficult for large companies to avoid taxes by shifting profits among different countries
by Anonymous; May 18, 2016

Ending the One-Two Corporate Tax Punch; Jason Furman is right about the ‘stupid’ policy on overseas income. (http://www.vennstrategies.com/newsroom/in-the-news/2550-wsj-ending-one-two-corporate-tax-punch)
Domestic policy also isn’t so bright.
by Reardon, Brian; Nichols, Tom; February 26, 2016

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Potential Outline of Stock Trading Report

Potential Outline of Stock Trading Report The main deliverable of the simulation trading game project is a final report.

Potential Outline of Stock Trading Report
Potential Outline of Stock Trading Report

The objective of the report is to outline the trades made and, most importantly, justify those trades. It does not matter how much money you make or lose but only your reasons for entering into the trades.

Futures and Options Markets

FARE*4240

Winter 2019

Overview of Trading Game Project

Potential Outline of Stock Trading Report Objective

The objective of the simulation trading game is to allow students an opportunity to use derivative instruments to address practical problems in a simulated business environment.

Accessing StockTrak:

We will be using an online simulated trading game to reinforce concepts discussed in class. The program we use is StockTrak, which is a virtual trading site using real-time data from actual market exchanges. You will be given a trading account and are required to make trades on-line using real-time prices throughout the semester. In the process, you will get to experience trading using futures and options, without having to risk any of your own money.

Note that the class code for StockTrak is FARE4240-WINTER2019. Please follow the following lthe ink to register to use StockTrak.

https://www.stocktrak.com/members/registerstudent?className=FARE4240-WINTER2019

Cost of StockTrak:

The cost to using StockTrak is C$40 per student per semester. However, there is no cost for access to StockTrak this year due to the generous support provided by the Student Federation of the Ontario Agricultural College (SFOAC) under the Student Teaching Enhancement Fund (STEF).

Potential Outline of Stock Trading Report and the Trading Game Deliverable

The main deliverable of the simulation trading game project is a final report. The objective of the report is to outline the trades made and, most importantly, justify those trades. It does not matter how much money your make or lose but only your reasons for entering into the trades.

You are required to make NINE trades:

  1. a) 1 futures trade to hedge a commodity of your choice (passive account),
  2. b) 3 futures trades on commodities (grains, livestock, metals, etc.),
  3. c) 1 futures trade on an index,
  4. d) 1 futures trade on a currency, and
  5. e) 3 options contracts on stocks or futures.

The report should describe the basis for each trade (i.e., reasons as to why the underlying has been traded, include citations), how did you execute the trade, what were the results, and why those results occurred. It is essential that you justify every trade you placed. Prior to entering a trade, research the commodity so you can justify why you entered into that particular trade. You will want to maintain a journal of articles used for research (The Wall Street Journal, popular press articles, etc.) for the final report. Every time you place a trade on StockTrak, you must use the Trade Notes feature on StockTrak to write a sentence or two providing justification for why you think each order is a good move for your portfolio

(https://content.stocktrak.com/new-feature-trade-notes/).

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Accounting Reporting Entity and Society

Accounting Reporting Entity and Society Word limit: 2,000 words maximum (excluding references and the executive summary). In-text

Accounting Reporting Entity and Society
Accounting Reporting Entity and Society

citations, the introduction, body and conclusion of the report are included in the

word count.

Accounting Reporting Entity and Society Description/Requirements

Background:

The IASB issued a revised Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (RCF) in March 2018. There is an inconsistency between the definition of ‘reporting entity’ in the RCF and the Australian ‘reporting entity concept’ in SAC1 Definition of a Reporting Entity.

To maintain IFRS adoption in Australia, the AASB must adopt the RCF and withdraw SAC1. As the reporting entity decision affects the choice of financial statements a company can prepare and lodge with ASIC, the new RCF could specifically impact public companies that are not listed on the Australian Securities Exchange and large proprietary companies.

Accounting Reporting Entity and Society Required

Assume you are a business consultant, reporting to the board of directors of KiMy Ltd, a large

Australian public company which is not listed on the Australian Securities Exchange. KiMY is a family owned company with ten major shareholders, five of which are board member. KiMy provides software services to the Victorian government. Over a number of years, it received over $10,000,000

to develop and operate the Victorian public transport ticketing system. On a continuing basis, KiMy receives significant business from the Victorian Government to maintain and update the ticketing system. KiMy also has a number of other large customers. There were problems and delays with the development and implementation of the ticketing system which attracted much media attention.

Most Victorians have an opinion and interest in the ticketing system. KiMy is required to lodge annual reports with ASIC and currently prepares Special Purpose Financial Statements (SPFS), having decided it is not a reporting entity which is required to lodge General Purpose Financial Statements (GPFS).

You have been contracted to provide a report to KiMy’s Board of Directors which:

  1. Explains the difference between the SAC1 reporting entity definition and the RCF definition. (suggested 150 words)
  1. Explains the distinction in the current requirements for GPFS Tier 1 and GPFS Tier 2 under the current reporting framework. (Suggested 100 words)
  2. Explains the differences between the GPFS Reduced Disclosure Regime (RDR) and the proposed GPFS – Specified Disclosure Requirements (SDR) and the potential impact of each of these differences on shareholders’ ability to make investment decisions about the company.(suggested 150 words)
  1. Explains whether KiMy will be required to prepare GPFS Tier 1 under RCF. (suggested 150 words)\
  1. Evaluates, taking an agency theory lens, whether GPFS Tier 1 would provide better quality information for decision making for KiMy’s shareholders than GPFS Tier 2 (SDR). (suggested 500 words) continued over the page
  1. Evaluates, taking a stakeholder theory lens, whether GPFS Tier 1 would provide better quality information for decision making for the Victorian Government than the current SPFS that is issues. (suggested 400 words)
  1. Identifies the challenges that KiMy will face when it is required to prepare GFRS Tier 1 following the AASB’s adoption of the RCF, and provides suggestions on how the company could meet the challenges. (suggested 350 words)

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Payroll Calculation Program Project

Payroll Calculation Program Project A local small business has hired you to write a payroll calculation program. The program only needs to calculate gross pay for an employee and display the results.

Payroll Calculation Program Project
Payroll Calculation Program Project

Your program will accept the employee’s name, hours worked, and the employee’s pay rate. The program will need to calculate overtime as well.

Payroll Calculation Program Project

Overtime is defined as anything over 40 hours is paid at 1.5 times the regular pay. The program should print the employee’s name, the gross pay amount, and only if there was overtime, print the overtime pay amount as well. Finally, the program should repeat as necessary until the user enters a sentinel value.

Payroll Calculation Program Project For this Project

You will submit your python code in either the original .py file, or copied into a .txt file.

A screenshot of your code having been executed (run). How to Take a Screenshot

Tips: Remember to keep track of input data types when comparing values. input() formats the user’s data as a string, so comparing string data to a number without quotes would produce an error.

Payroll Calculation Program Project

Do not worry about security, it is irrelevant here. Just focus on the functionality discussed above.

Remember to follow the guidelines of good program design. Make sure to use meaningful variable names, include comments as needed, and provide thoughtful output.

Payroll Calculation Program Project Example output:

C:\>python week2.py

ABC Inc., Gross Pay Calculator!

Enter employee’s name or 0 to quit: Nathan

Enter hours worked: 35

Enter employee’s pay rate: 10.00

Employee Name: Nathan

Gross Pay: 350.0

Enter next employee’s name or 0 to quit: Toby

Enter hours worked: 45

Enter employee’s pay rate: 10

Employee Name: Toby

Gross Pay: 475.0

(overtime pay: 75.0 )

Enter next employee’s name or 0 to quit: 0

Exiting program…

Grading Criteria Assignments            Maximum Points

Payroll Calculation Program Project Instructions

Program accomplishes requested operations per instructions.            40

Demonstrates proper use of the decision structure and program loops until user chooses to quit.    40

Meaning of the output is clear to the user (i.e. instructions for input and labels for output data are provided), and prints the gross pay, and only print the overtime is there is overtime.            20 Your payroll expenses have implications for your small business beyond deducting them from your taxable income.

Payroll Calculation Program Project

You need to know how to allocate payroll to find out how much labor on project costs, how much each department is spending on payroll and how much you are paying in payroll taxes. If you have a specific project you have completed, you need to know how much the labor on that job cost you. Examine all the employees that worked on that project and allocate their wages, plus payroll taxes, to that job. You can do this by entering all of the employee names under a “class” in your accounting software.

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Scheduling Resources Using the Assignment

Scheduling Resources Using the Assignment Method As part of the short-term scheduling process, a manager must assign tasks and resources (usually machines and people) to accomplish the job with the objective of minimizing total cost. In this activity, you will use the assignment method to do that.

Scheduling Resources Using the Assignment
Scheduling Resources Using the Assignment

You work in a production facility that produces widgets. You have four different machines that can produce the same part; however since each machine is different the production cost is different. You are responsible for assigning jobs to machines, and you need to make sure to minimize the total cost to produce the widgets.

Calculate the best job assignments based on resources as shown in the following chart.

Costs   Machine 1       Machine 2       Machine 3       Machine 4

Widget 1         $9.00   $7.00   $3.00   $5.00

Widget 2         $7.00   $8.00   $12.00 $11.00

Widget 3         $4.00   $6.00   $8.00   $7.00

Widget 4         $6.00   $11.00 $13.00 $10.00

ASSIGNMENT

Use the Excel OM Assignment module to calculate the best job assignments based on resources as shown in the chart. After you determine the best job assignment, indicate on your spreadsheet the minimum cost that the company will incur based on this assignment

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Accounting Ethics Essay Assignment Paper

Accounting Ethics Review the following case study. When the FASB issues new standards, the implementation date is often 12 months from the date of issuance, and early implementation is encouraged.

Accounting Ethics
Accounting Ethics

Becky Hoger, the controller, discusses with her financial vice president the need for early implementation of a standard that would result in a fairer presentation of the company’s financial condition and earnings.

When the financial vice president determines that early implementation of the standard will adversely affect the reported net income for the year, he discourages Hoger from implementing the standard until it is required.

Write a response of 750 to 1,050 words in which you answer the following requirements:

Determine an ethical issue that is involved in this case if any.

Identify if the financial vice president acting improperly or immorally.

Explain what Hoger have to gain by the advocacy of early implementation.

Identify who might be affected by the decision against early implementation.

MAke sure to include references

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Accounting for Employee Stock Options

Accounting for Employee Stock Options Review the following case study: FASB ASC 320 requires companies to assign their portfolio of investment securities into:

Accounting for Employee Stock Options
Accounting for Employee Stock Options

Trading securities.

Securities are available for sale.

Held-to-maturity securities.

Write a response of no more than 1,500 words in which you answer the following:

Define each of these categories of securities and discuss the accounting treatment for each category.

Discuss how companies are required to assign each category of securities into its current and non-current portions.

Discuss the arguments for each position. Some individuals maintain that the only proper accounting treatment for all marketable securities is current value. Others maintain that this treatment might allow companies to “manage earnings”.

Make Sure to include references.

Audit of financial statements with a focus on revenue

Audit of financial statements with a focus on revenue
  Audit of financial statements with a focus on                                                     revenue

Audit of financial statements with a focus on revenue

03-08-19 Audit Review

Deliverable Length: 400 – 600 words

APA 6 format with references

For this assignment, you will plan for an audit of the financial statements with a focus on revenue. First, identify the relevant business cycles that are related in accounting. Include a brief description of each business cycle. For the revenue cycle, include following the audit objectives that you feel are the most relevant and that you will use in accordance with management assertions:

  • Existence
  • Completeness
  • Accuracy or valuation
  • Rights and obligations
  • Presentation and disclosure

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Pro-forma Income Statement Assignment

Pro-forma Income Statement
  Pro-forma Income Statement

Pro-forma Income Statement

Pro-forma Income Statement and Balance Sheet on United Parcel Service (UPS)

Based on your sales forecast, develop a simplified Pro-forma income statement and balance sheet and briefly discuss areas of importance. An abbreviated Pro-forma Income Statement and Balance Sheet are needed. You do not need to encompass all the variables but rather show sales, cost of goods sold or cost of services provides, and fixed costs. Other noteworthy items can be included if they are
significant. All references must be listed on the reference page

Use at least three (3) quality references Note: Wikipedia and other related websites do not qualify as academic resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length

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Auditing acquisitions, payments, property plant

Auditing acquisitions, payments, property plant and equipment
 Auditing acquisitions, payments, property                       plant and equipment

Auditing acquisitions, payments, property plant and equipment

Write a 525- to 550-word summary.

Research a recent article on auditing acquisitions, payments, property plant and equipment (fixed assets), notes payable, or owner’s equity.

Apply what you learn to your future or current job. include any references used.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

  • Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
  • Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length

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