Masculinity in Crisis in the writings of Thomas Mann Write about masculinity in crisis – focusing specifically on Thomas Mann’s novel “Death in Venice”. USE OUTSIDE SOURCES.
Masculinity in Crisis in the writings of Thomas Mann
Read the book, use outside sources to explore major themes presented in the book. ANSWER THE QUESTION: WHY IS MASCULINITY IN CRISIS PLEASE COMPARE TO HISTORICAL SOURCES AS WELL *IMPORTANT* Do not rely too much on quoting. Please write more on your thoughts about it, and what you think rather than what the writer thinks. Share your ideologies as well. Examine the history of perceptions of sexuality, mental life, illness and gender and look at how people represented gender differences and how those representations shaped their view on others and the world around them So write.. eg. the reason why Thomas Mann wrote about the character is because…. come to your own conclusion on it. Please use sources well – really get ideas from them and COMPARISON IS THE KEY OF IT to prove the point More information will be furnished via messaging
The Purpose of the Literary Criticism Your assignment is to take the literary critics listed below to use ONE of their theories in order to make an argument about the play “Six Characters in
A search of an Author.” The purpose of Literary Criticism is to allow us to engage with text on many different levels (from the perspective of class, gender, language use, psychoanalysis, etc.).
The Purpose of the Literary Criticism
The point of literary criticism is to challenge us to think about the world and literature in different ways. So how does reading Marx, for example, allow you to think differently about the play “Six Characters in Search of an Author?” or How does your reading of Mary Wollstonecraft challenge you to interpret the text? Make sure that you have a strong thesis or an argument. A thesis is never a fact but something that you have to prove. Your primary source and the source that you will be arguing about is “Six Characters.” Your secondary source is the theorist that you will be using to write your paper.
The theorist I chose is Sigmund Freud: from “The interpretation of Dreams”
But if you think it is not the strongest choice, there are other options:
1. KARL MAX: from Capital
2. MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT: from A Vindication of the Rights of Women
The Research Process and Literature Review As my teacher states, “Which steps of the research and literature review do you find the most difficult?
The Research Process and Literature Review
Please support your posts with
references to the course readings. Writing a literature review is often the most daunting part of writing an article, book, thesis, or dissertation. “The literature” seems (and often is) massive. I have found it helpful to be as systematic as possible when completing this gargantuan task. Their system provides an excellent guide for getting through the massive amounts of literature for any purpose: in a dissertation, an M.A. thesis, or an article or book in any field of study.
Please follow these 12 rules for the Literature Review:
The main reasons for the inclusion, in a Masters dissertation, of a literature review section are:
1.To present and to analyse, in a critical manner, that part of the published literature which is relevant to your research topic and which acts as the basis for a fuller understanding of the context in which you are conducting your research; thus helping the reader to a more rounded appreciation of what you have completed. Remember critical does not mean looking at the negatives but forming an evaluation.
2.To act as a backdrop against which what you have done in the remainder of the dissertation may be analysed and critically evaluated so as to give the reader the opportunity to assess the worth of your writing, analytical and research skills.
3.To show that not only have you discovered and reported what you have found to be relevant in the literature search, but that you have understood it and that you are able to analyse it in a critical manner.
4.To show that your knowledge of the area of interest is detailed enough that you are able to identify gaps in the coverage of the topic; thus justifying the reason(s) for your research.
5.To show that you know what the key variables, trends and ‘actors’ are in the environment of your study, i.e. you show that you know what the important issues are that need to be investigated.
6.To enable readers to be able to measure the validity of your choice(s) of research methodology, the appropriateness of the process by which you analyse your results, and whether or not your findings are congruent with the accepted research which has gone before.
7.The literature review is presented in the form of a précis, a classification, a comparison and a critical analysis of that material which is germane to a full understanding of your research study.
8.Such published material may be drawn from all, or a combination of, textbooks, journal articles, conference papers, reports, case studies, the Internet, magazine features or newspaper articles.
9.It should be remembered, however, that the most important source of academic literature are journal articles and you should ensure that you are familiar with the most recent publications in journals relevant to your subject area.
10.Remember that your literature review should lead and justify the research objectives and questions of your dissertation.
11.Your literature review should not just be a catalogue of authors, frameworks and ideas but should attempt to introduce a critical evaluation of those authors work.
12. The style must be HARVARD only
SAMPLE ANSWER
Dissertation the Literature Review
Introduction
Organizations are working hard to be successful and out-compete the competitors in the same industry. Organizations are striving to be the best and lead in the globe market. In order to achieve this, organizations must have the right employees. It is through employees that a company can meet its goals. Employees are now known as the most valuable asset of an organization. There is an emerging trend of treating employees as the human assets because the success of any organizations depends on the appropriate utilization of the human assets. As a result, training and development is an effective method of improving the performance of employees. Training and development are used to improve the ability, wisdom, and skills of the human resource. Training enhances the performance of employees. It polishes the skills of workforce making it the most important factor in employee performance. The State of Qatar is an oil-rich country. The main source of income is the natural resources and heavily relies on the oil industry. Oil prices are experiencing a sharp increase in the global market (Cafiero 2016). This has had a huge impact on countries that rely on oil as the only source of income. Countries such as Saudi Arabia are looking for alternative sources of income and reducing the dependency of the country on oil. Future development of Qatar is important to ensure that Qatar fully utilizes its resources, Qatar must continue benefiting from its natural resources, and this is only possible through improvement of human capital. One of the main ways of improving human capital is through education and training. The falling oil prices have greatly impacted on the performance of companies in Qatar. Some organizations have reduced cost by reducing the workforce. Reduced workforce couple with a poor performance of organizations has resulted in low employee morale (Chaibi & Gomes 2013). Companies must come up with right strategies to continue being relevant in the market and raise revenues. Training and development are essential in the Qatar industry to improve the performance of employees. The main aim of this literature review is to review past studies on the role of training and development on the performance.
Training and Development in Qatar Companies
Oil, natural gas, and related companies are the backbone of the Qatar economy. The oil sector contributes 95% of the total government revenues (Cafiero 2016). Recently, oil and gas companies have faced numerous challenges. The companies are experiencing a sharp decrease in revenues due to the reduced oil prices. Additionally, employees are leaving the industry making it difficult for these companies to retain most valuable employees (Chaibi & Gomes 2013). Oil companies are now reorganizing to retain top performing employees. According to Jolo (2013), there is no link of communication between Oil and Gas Bases Industry and education institutions in Qatar. As a result, education institutions are failing to provide oil companies with workers equipped with the right skills. Education institutions are successful in equipping workers with general skills, but the oil industry requires workers who have certain technical skills. Jolo (2013) noted that the skills that are demanded by the oil companies are technical and they supplied moderately by the education institutions. There is a gap in skills because the institutions do not fully equip students with technical skills that are required in the oil industry. Companies are expected to offer training and development programs to ensure employees develop the specific skills that are required in the industry. Lack of training and development has been cited as a major obstacle to the development of workers competence and performance in the Qatar oil industry. Rodriguez and Scurry (2014) looked at various empirical studies conducted in Qatar on training and development and noted that there is a huge skills gap in the oil industry. Rodriguez and Scurry (2014) noted that to match the skills gap between education institutions and companies, training and development is not an option in oil based companies. Qatari workers require a special type of training in order to fit in the oil industry.
According to El (2015) research conducted in other oil based countries show that development and training are critical in enhancing the motivation of employees. Research conducted in Oman concluded that employees are not only concerned about monetary benefits but the non-monetary benefits are equally important (El 2015). An Oman-based oil company was used to conduct research on the factors that motivate employees in the oil industry. The study concluded that employees are looking for organizations that will empower them through training and development (El 2015). Rodriguez and Scurry (2014) point out that in an empirical study conducted in UAE, it was concluded that money is important to employees but it is not sufficient to retain employees. The study showed that training and development played a key role in employee retention in the oil industry. Training and development empowered employee and equips them with skills on health and safety. Additionally, it improves their competence and enhances the productivity at the workplace. This ultimately results in a high retention level.
Based on studies on the impact of training and development in oil industry one can point out certain challenges. There is a need to identify the specific training and development strategies that oil industry can apply. The oil industry is unique because of the type of jobs involved and the requirement for health and safety. The oil industry and Qatar must develop strategic measures that organizations can pursue in training and development. There is a gap in research as most of the study concentrate on the general and training development. This research will improve existing studies by filling the gap by identifying the specific training and development methods that will work in the Qatar oil industry.
Training and Development as Human Resource Strategy
Human resource management is the organization of human resource to ensure that a company has the right employees who can promote the vision, strategy, and aims of the company. Human resource management aims at securing, maintain and using an effective workforce to achieve the goals of the company and ensure that a company remains relevant in a competitive market ( Dhar 2015). Ford (2014) explains how the Briscoe study which is widely used in human resource management classified the core human resource functions into training and development, staffing, performance, compensation, employee relations, and benefits and appraisal. Jehanzeb and Bashir (2013) point out that training and development are the most effective human resource management. It ensures that employees remain productive and they can easily adapt to the changing job needs.
According to Dhar (2015), training and development are the transfer of knowledge, skills. And abilities that affect required to handle specific tasks. Training and development are used as Human resource strategy to address the current and future challenges of business. Training and development improve the knowledge, skills and attitude of employees hence it is necessary for reaching aims of a firm. Studies have been conducted to measure the efficiency of training and development as human resource strategy. According to Elnaga and Imran (2013), training and development is an important function of human resource management because it closes the gap between current performance and expected future performance. Training and development are used to identify the needs of the workers and based on these needs suitable training and development programs are developed. Training is effective human resource strategy because it provides employees with knowledge to manage various aspects of their life (Jehanzeb and Bashir 2013). Training ensures that employees remain relevant at the workplace by equipping them with new skills and advanced knowledge.
As one of the major areas in human resource development, training and development have attracted the attention researchers. Research conducted in this area has had a lot of impact on the training and development in organizations. As researchers continue with the quest in training and development research; they must continue to identify the importance of training in the oil industry. In most countries, the intensification of training and development has been caused by a rise in competition due to globalization. In Qatar, companies have not heavily invested in employee development as opposed to other countries such as the U.K. where training is considerably emphasized (Weerakkody et al. 2015). The sharp fall in oil prices and the reduction in workforce provide researchers with an opportunity to investigate how training and development can restore the oil industry. There are different types of employees in Qatar the skilled employees and semi-skilled employees hence it is important to identify the methods that will be effective in enhancing the knowledge and skills of employees to polish their careers and remain relevant in the market.
Types of Training
Training methods are divided into two broad categories the on-the –job training and off- the- job training. On-the –job training is conducted while employees are performing their daily work activities whereas off-the-job training is conducted away from the usual work environment. On-the-job training involves various training methods coaching, job rotation, and mentoring (Storey 2014). Job rotation and transfers improve the skills of employees through the movement of employees from a lower position to a high position. Job transfer involves the movement of employees from one country to another. Job rotation provides employees with an opportunity to acquire knowledge and skills on different company operation (Weerakkody et al. 2015). Job transfers especially when it involves employees from other countries provide employees an opportunity to acquire knowledge on the operations of the company in different countries. The knowledge that is acquired through job rotation and job transfers is beneficial to a company. Job rotation is used as motivation tool by organizations. Job rotation reduces the boredom of repeating the same task every day (Elnaga and Imran 2013). Additionally, when employees are moved to a higher position, they are motivated. Coaching and mentoring is used when the experienced employees coach the less experienced employees. Mentoring and coaching are applied to new recruits to provide them with the right job training. Mentoring is useful because it builds strong relationships in the company. Additionally, it is a good succession strategy for the company where the old employees who will leave the company equip the young employees with the knowledge they have acquired. Orientation is one of the widely used on-the-job training for new employees; it focuses on familiarizing new employees on the job and the organization (Storey 2014).
Off-the-job training involves various methods such as conferences, workshops, and role playing. Conferences and workshops involve presentations to a wide audience. Conferences are a cost effective method of training as it reaches a large number of employees at the same time. However, it has certain shortcomings. It may only benefit the employees who learn faster and follow the training session (Phillips and Phillips 2016). Role playing is used when employees are to act out work scenarios. Employees are provided with information on the company and expected to act out their role or provide ideas on how they would go about a certain company problem. Role playing is an effective training method in sales and marketing. Formal training courses are used to develop skills required by an organization (Kehoe & Wright 2013). The course programs may involve traditional classroom training and various work related activities.
Empirical studies on the types of training have revealed that Qatar companies must consider some factors when choosing the type of training methods the strategy of the organization, the goals of the company, resources available, target group to be trained, and the need to be identified (Kirat 2015). Oil companies in Qatar mainly look for technical skills hence it is important to determine the type of training methods that can develop these skills. Kirat (2015) recommends companies in Qatar to focus on on-the-job training methods to train fresh employees. Existing employees can use the off-job-training to improve their knowledge and develop more skills that will be used to develop the entire organization.
Impact of Training and Development on Performance
Employee performance can be looked at in terms of the outcomes. Alternatively, employee performance can be measured in terms of the behavior. Employee performance is measured against the performance standards of the organization. Certain measures are used to indicate the performance of employee they include quality, effectiveness, profitability, efficiency, productivity and effectiveness (Kehoe & Wright 2013). Recent research indicates that employee training and development plays a key role in enhancing the performance. Training and development improve the competencies of employees. It equips employees with knowledge, skills, and attitude that is not only necessary in the current job but also in their future jobs. Training contributes to the overall improvement of the performance of an organization. Training has been proved to generate positive impacts on the performance of a company. Gaining new skills and knowledge provides employees with the confidence that they need to complete their tasks. The employees can complete more tasks effectively. Training deals with skills gap in an organization (Storey 2014). Today, the needs of employees are changing at the same rate as the changes in the market. A company must fill the skills gap in an organization by developing various training and development programs throughout the year.
Performance is improved through aligning the skills with the goals of the company. Achieving company goals is a top priority activity for every organization. Training and development provide the company with a good opportunity of providing employees with the right skills to achieve company goals.
According to Lee et al. (2013), training and development show a positive relationship with job satisfaction, and motivation. Training and development provide employees with knowledge that keeps the employees relevant in the market. As a result, employees are satisfied with their jobs. Training and development also indicate that a company is willing to invest in the employees. The employees feel that the companies value them hence they are more motivated (Lee et al. 2013). Training and development intrinsically motivate the employees since they can complete tasks more efficiently (Kehoe & Wright 2013). The productivity of employees increases and output increases as well which in turn increases the revenue of the organization (Storey 2014).
The past studies on the impact of training on performance have revealed interesting findings. Studies have proved training improves performance through the development of knowledge, skills, ability, competencies, and behavior.one of the issue that have been identified in past study is that some studies look at the performance with regards to employee performance whereas other studies look at the organizational performance. Organization performance and employee performance are related in the sense that employee performances improve the general organization performance.
Training Needs
Training programs can fail to achieve the objectives when there is a mismatch between the skills gained and those skills that a company requires (Kehoe & Wright 2013). Training needs must be identified before conducting training to ensure that a training program focuses on the skills that employees require. For a training program to meet its goal, it is important to conduct a training needs assessment. Training needs assessment ensures that the resources used in training are directed towards the training programs that the company urgently needs. A training needs assessment can expose performance deficiencies through five ways. The first one is investigating the gap between existing skills and the skills the company requires the second one is an organization assessment. A company can analyze weakness, strengths, and competencies (Storey 2014). As a result, the organization identifies the training programs that can eliminate the weaknesses and enhance the strength of the company. The third one is occupational assessment where the skills of a certain occupation are examined. In occupation assessment, an organization can check job description and determine the competencies that the employee need to develop to meet the job requirements (Milhem et al. 2014). The fourth one is the individual assessment. This one focuses on personal goals of the employees. In training and development, a company must ensure that the personal goals of development of an employee are met. The fifth one is the identifying the training need that will meet the environmental and industry changes. Companies must ensure that employees have the right skills given the changes in the market such as technology changes.
With reference to previous studies on training needs, Qataris companies can understand the needs of planning training. Previous studies indicate that the benefits of training are achieved through planning. The first step of planning is identifying the training needs. According to Weerakkody et al. (2015), Qatari companies must start assessing the training needs before embarking on any training development programs. As a result, companies will focus on developing skills that are relevant to the company and will improve the productivity of employees.
Challenges Facing Employee Training and Development
Training and development, like many other company activities, faces various challenges. The first one is training a huge workforce. Phillips and Phillips (2016) noted that some companies employ a large number of employees and handling training becomes a huge challenge. The main challenges of handling a large workforce include accommodation, foods, arts, and entertainments. The second challenge is finding convenient training time that will have minimal impact on the company workflow. When employees are undergoing training and development program, there may be a shortage of workers resulting in a disruption in the workflow of the company. Sometimes a training program can increase the workload of employees at work (Phillips and Phillips 2016). The employees attend the training, but a large amount of work is piling back at the company, such situations make the training programs less effective.
The third challenge is convincing employees that training will be beneficial. Research indicates that it is challenging to convince managers to attend training programs. Junior employees are more willing to attend training program compared to managers. The third challenge is location. When the organization does not have a training hall, it is forced to book hotels or schools which increase the cost of training. The last challenge is the adverse changes in policies and procedures. Companies are now employing employees from different backgrounds. Some employees do not understand English. Companies are forced to train employees differently and develop training programs that meet their needs.
Theoretical Framework
The action theory explains how learning is controlled and provides insight on how people can change behavior to meet the requirements of the firm. The theory links behavior to specific outcomes. Action theory is used to address the goals of sustained change. Changes are occurring in the market every day. Training is essential in addressing the changing needs. The action theory stipulates that training employees identifies changes and ensures that training programs match skills gap in an organization (Milhem et al. 2014). The action theory attempts to show how employers can use study the behavior of employees and use it to influence their productivity (Baum et al. 2014). According to the action theory, a firm should believe in the unlimited potential of employees regardless of their position and ability (Patton and McMahon 2014). The managers should have the confidence in the value of collaboration and communication among the departments, and also commit to and implement a regular employee performance. Moreover, it is important for the organization to believe in the power of personal connections and relationships among the staff.
Based on the empirical literature review and studies on the impact of training and development on performance, the action theory will be a good fit for the Qatar companies. First, the Qatar companies mainly oil and gas companies hence experience frequent price fluctuations in the global market. According to a World Bank research price fluctuations can cause instability in the market and the companies (Word Bank Org. 2017). The action theory will be used to enhance the learning process and employees will be equipped with skills and knowledge to forecast changes in the market and respond to changes in good time. Secondly, learning should be a continuous process in Qatar firms (Baum et al. 2014). According to action theory, organizations must develop continuous policies of training. As a result, Qatar companies will implement frequent training programs and will not wait for the occurrence of skill gaps to develop training programs. The action theory focuses on the retention of employees. Action theory approaches training and development in a different angle. The action theory links behavior to the outcome (Patton and McMahon 2014). Knowles et al. (2014) point out that the action theory recognizes the adult learning methods hence it can be used to establish effective training programs. Effective training programs will ensure that Qatari firms retain employees. Training will be associated with a sense if achievement and knowledge since employees will develop their inherent capabilities. There will be few cases if job dissatisfaction and turnover will be greatly reduced.
Conclusion
Qatari companies strive to be the best in the global market. The price fluctuation in the oil industry has a huge impact on the economy of Qatar. Amidst the changes in the global market, Qatari companies must reinvent to remain competitive in the global market. Qatar companies can greatly benefit from employee training and development. Past studies have shown that there is a positive relationship between performance and employee training and development. Additionally, training and development will lead to job satisfaction and reduce the rate of turnover. Qatar companies need to point out the training methods that are appropriate for the firm. The application of action theory will be effective in identifying the specific training practices that will be effective in Qatari companies.
References
Baum, J.R., Frese, M. and Baron, R.A., 2014. The psychology of entrepreneurship. Psychology Press.
Cafiero, G., 2016. Qatar Cuts Spending to Cope with Low Oil Prices. (Updated 1 March 2016).
Chaibi, A. and Gomes, M., 2013. Volatility Spillovers Between Oil Prices and Stock Returns: A Focus on Frontier Markets (No. 2013-034).
Dhar, R.L., 2015. Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment. Tourism Management, 46, pp.419-430.
El Mallakh, R., 2015. Qatar (RLE Economy of Middle East): Development of an Oil Economy. Routledge.
Elnaga, A. and Imran, A., 2013. The effect of training on employee performance. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(4), pp.137-147.
Ford, J.K., 2014. Improving training effectiveness in work organizations. Psychology Press
Jehanzeb, K. and Bashir, N.A., 2013. Training and development program and its benefits to employee and organization: A conceptual study. Training and Development, 5(2)
Jolo, H., 2013. Human Capital Formation within Oil and Gas Based Industry: Manager’s perspective. IBA Business Review, 3, pp.95-95.
Kehoe, R.R. and Wright, P.M., 2013. The impact of high-performance human resource practices on employees’ attitudes and behaviors. Journal of management, 39(2), pp.366-391.
Kirat, M., 2015. Corporate social responsibility in the oil and gas industry in Qatar perceptions and practices. Public Relations Review, 41(4), pp.438-446.
Knowles, M. S., Holton III, E. F., & Swanson, R. A. (2014). The adult learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development. Routledge.
Lee, C.K., Song, H.J., Lee, H.M., Lee, S. and Bernhard, B.J., 2013. The impact of CSR on casino
employees’ organizational trust, job satisfaction, and customer orientation: An empirical examination of responsible gambling strategies. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 33, pp.406-415.
Milhem, W., Abushamsieh, K. and Pérez Aróstegui, M., 2014. Training strategies, theories and types. Journal of Accounting, Business & Management, 21(1), pp.12-26.
Patton, W. and McMahon, M., 2014. Career development and systems theory: Connecting theory and practice (Vol. 2). Springer.
Phillips, J.J. and Phillips, P.P., 2016. Handbook of training evaluation and measurement methods. Routledge.
Rodriguez, J.K. and Scurry, T., 2014. Career capital development of self-initiated expatriates in Qatar: cosmopolitan globetrotters, experts and outsiders. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(7), pp.1046-1067.
Storey, J., 2014. New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge.
Weerakkody, V.J.P., Al-Esmail, R., Hindi, N., Osmani, M. and Irani, Z., 2015. Localising professional skills development strategies in the GCC: Research and policy considerations for Qatar.
Word Bank.org, 2017. How is Qatar Reacting to Low Oil Prices? Retrirved from:
1. Read the Book ( Huxley A., Brave New World (1931)
2. Analyse a sociological theme developed within the work of your choice in for of an essay. Such themes might be, for example : the”state’,
‘family”, “power’, ‘truth”, “control” , “freedom” , ‘free will’, ‘role of language’,
“environmental sustainability”, “justice’ , ‘role of markets’; and so on. Keep in mind, not every utopia develops every theme to an equal extent, so if you have a specific theme that you want to explore in mind, you want to choose your corresponding literature carefully. The list of themes provided above is indicative, not exhaustive.
3. In your analysis: make sure you use adequate theoretical support in the form of relevant academic literature. (i.e., even though you explore the theme
within the utopian text, you DO want to use theoretical works like : books & journal articles. examining the theme in real world fashion.
4. Formal requirement: 1500 words (+/- 10%), including introduction and conclusion, but not the bibliography. Adequate regard for the academic conventions on citing and referencing is expected (using HARVARD SYSTEM).
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Write an analysis of the short story Jacklighting by Ann Beattie and determine what lesson or message the author is trying to impart to the audience. This paper must include 2 sources, one being Beattie’s book, and one being a source of your choice, which must be cited in accordance with MLA provisions.
Make Sure you read the short story to have a better understanding of the topic as any minor mistakes and stray from the topic will be penalized
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Proposed Solutions for Selecting Sources of Literature Order Instructions: Selecting Sources of Literature
Due Date: Jul 10, 2016 23:59:59 Max Points: 100
Details:
Locate a minimum of 15 peer-reviewed articles that describe the problem or issue and that support the proposed solution. Eight of the 15 articles must be research-based (e.g., a study which is qualitative, quantitative, descriptive, or longitudinal).
Proposed Solutions for Selecting Sources of Literature
Hint: Begin your search for literature by utilizing the databases located in the GCU Library. Contact your faculty member, the librarian, or library staff for additional researching tips and keyword suggestions.
Preview each of the 15 articles chosen by reading the article abstracts and summaries.
Hint: Article abstracts and summaries provide a concise description of the topic, research outcomes, and significance of findings.
Hint: Refer to “RefWorks” and “Topic 1: Checklist.”
Perform a rapid appraisal of each article by answering the following questions (one to two sentences are sufficient to answer each question):
How does each article describe the nature of the problem, issue, or deficit you have identified?
Does each article provide statistical information to demonstrate the gravity of the issue, problem, or deficit?
What is an example(s) of morbidity, mortality, and rate of incidence or rate of occurrence in the general population?
Does each article support your proposed change?
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.
Proposed Solutions for Selecting Sources of Literature Sample Answer
Selecting Sources of Literature
Introduction
Social fairness in clinical mental health is just as important as any other human right to the community and the state. The clinical mental health department has been ignored for quite some time with social justice being advocated only through writing. This means that having mental problems should necessitate social inclusion and participation in addressing the problem.
Proposed Solutions for Selecting Sources of Literature and Article Appraisal
According to Johanna and Christa, individual professions should provide not only clinical mental health to patients but also include social justice to their patients. For that reason, the article gives a clear explanation in a descriptive manner through lessons with no statistical information. The article proposes that bringing students together through education to foster positive change is necessary.
Corrigan’s 2003 article describes the problem in a descriptive and explanatory manner with no statistical evidence. According to Corrigan, many people who require mental treatment shy away from hospitals due to the perception of being branded as mentally ill. The article proposes that stigma-care can be developed and offered to stigmatized patients, and that could be changed effectively through education.
In the same regard, Lisa and others from Boston College give a descriptive explanation of social advocacy in clinical mental health by having a better understanding of the patient’s culture and beliefs. There are no statistical descriptions, but they suggest that empowerment could help as a model for patients who have had the threat of domestic violence.
In Vera’s article, there is no descriptive statistics, but there is an exploratory discussion on how multicultural competency goes helps in clinical psychology. According to the article, the rate of occurrence in internalizing past discrimination is high in patients with mental health problems. Therefore, the report suggests that psychologists need to understand the past prejudices of the patients before offering help.
The article of Kiselica and Robinson does not provide descriptive statistics but gives a clear explanation through the review of literature from other sources. The article states that most of the counseling practices do not provide social justice work to their clients. For that reason, the article proposes that counselors should also focus on environmental problems that may affect their clients.
Glidewell’s article does not provide any statistical information but uses explanatory methods in explaining how advocacy could be utilized in psychology. The article states that psychologists associate advocacy with lawyers and do not see the necessity of using it. Therefore, the article provides information on how analysts could learn on advocating for their client’s rights.
Watkins et al. article uses descriptive methods through literature reviews from other studies and does not include descriptive statistics. The article states that there has been limited social inclusion in the mental health of black men in recent years. Therefore, it suggests that there should be social work research to improve mental health for black men.
Similarly, Wright’s article uses qualitative methods through review literature in identifying the relationship between social inclusion and mental health but has no statistical information. It also states that mentally-ill patients are becoming the focus of social inclusion initiatives. It suggests that there should be more research on the on the concept of social integration in mental policies.
In Michelle’s et al. article, there is statistical information and the study uses descriptive statistics in its analysis. The report shows that the majority of the evaluations bring definite conclusion on the use of social media in mental health. The report supports the proposed change of having social inclusion in solving mental problems which in this case is through social media.
In a similar manner, Brynmor’s et al. article provides a systematic review through a meta-analysis and used descriptive statistics in analyzing the information. The report further suggests that little is known about the effectiveness of social peer support groups in mental health cases. All in all, it supports the idea of having social advocacy in clinical mental health.
Grajales et al. article conducted a narrative review to explain social factors such as media being used in medical sectors. The article uses descriptive statistics and states that mental health care institutions are unaware of the importance of social media. The report supports the idea of social advocacy through social media in mental health cases.
Snape et al. article uses the Delphi technique in its qualitative analysis but does not use statistical information. It states that social care research is gaining importance in mental health care settings, but little is known about it. However, it supports the importance of having social advocacy in mental health treatment.
Corrigan et al. article of 2012 use systematic literature reviews and descriptive statistics in addressing the problem of stigmatization of mental health patients. The article states that public stigmatization has pernicious effects on the lives of mentally-ill patients. It supports the idea of having social advocacy in mental health.
In Brett’s et al. article, there is the use of descriptive statistics and the use of literature reviews. It states that there is a rapid increase in patient and public involvement in patients’ health. The article supports the notion of social advocacy in mental health clinical settings.
Additionally, in Webber et al. article, the majority of the mentally-ill patients are socially excluded. The article uses descriptive statistics and literature reviews in addressing the problem. As such, the report supports social inclusion practices in mental health cases.
Proposed Solutions for Selecting Sources of Literature References
Brett, J., Staniszewska, S., Mockford, C., Herron‐Marx, S., Hughes, J., Tysall, C., & Suleman, R. (2014). Mapping the impact of patient and public involvement in health and social care research: a systematic review. Health Expectations, 17(5), 637-650.
Cattaneo, L. B., & Goodman, L. A. (2015). What is empowerment anyway? A model for
domestic violence practice, research, and evaluation. Psychology of Violence, 5(1), 84.
Corrigan, P., & Matthews, A. (2003). Stigma and disclosure: Implications for coming out of the
closet. Journal of mental health, 12(3), 235-248.
Corrigan, P. W., Morris, S. B., Michaels, P. J., Rafacz, J. D., & Rüsch, N. (2012). Challenging the public stigma of mental illness: a meta-analysis of outcome studies. Psychiatric Services.
Glidewell, J. C. (1984). Training for the role of advocate. American journal of community
psychology, 12(2), 193-198.
Grajales III, F. J., Sheps, S., Ho, K., Novak-Lauscher, H., & Eysenbach, G. (2014). Social media: a review and tutorial of applications in medicine and health care. Journal of medical Internet research, 16(2), e13.
Hamm, M. P., Chisholm, A., Shulhan, J., Milne, A., Scott, S. D., Given, L. M., & Hartling, L. (2013). Social media use among patients and caregivers: a scoping review. BMJ Open, 3(5), e002819.
Kiselica, M. S., & Robinson, M. (2001). Bringing advocacy counseling to life: The history,
issues, and human dramas of social justice work in counseling. Journal of Counseling &
Development, 79(4), 387-397.
Lloyd-Evans, B., Mayo-Wilson, E., Harrison, B., Instead, H., Brown, E., Pilling, S., … & Kendall, T. (2014). A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of peer support for people with severe mental illness. BMC Psychiatry, 14(1), 1.
Nilsson, J. E., & Schmidt, C. K. (2005). Social justice advocacy among graduate students in counseling: An initial exploration. Journal of College Student Development, 46(3), 267-279.
Snape, D., Kirkham, J., Preston, J., Popay, J., Britten, N., Collins, M., … & Jacoby, A. (2014). Exploring areas of consensus and conflict around values underpinning public involvement in health and social care research: a modified Delphi study. BMJ Open, 4(1), e004217.
Snape, D., Kirkham, J., Britten, N., Froggatt, K., Gradinger, F., Lobban, F., … & Jacoby, A. (2014). Exploring perceived barriers, drivers, impacts and the need for evaluation of public involvement in health and social care research: a modified Delphi study. BMJ Open, 4(6), e004943.
Vera, E. M., & Speight, S. L. (2003). Multicultural competence, social justice, and counseling
psychology: Expanding our roles. The Counseling Psychologist, 31(3), 253-272.
Watkins, D. C., Hawkins, J., & Mitchell, J. A. (2015). The Discipline’s Escalating Whisper Social Work and Black Men’s Mental Health. Research on Social Work Practice, 25(2), 240-250.
Wright, N., & Stickley, T. (2013). Concepts of social inclusion, exclusion, and mental health: a review of the international literature. Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing, 20(1), 71-81.
Risk Factor Professional Literature Review Project 2
Literature Review
The student will conduct a literature review as follows:
Risk Factor Professional Literature Review
1. Select a Risk Factor topic from Chapter 2, 3, or 4 of the course textbook
2. Identify 2 professional literature articles using the UMUC online Library resources
3. Compose a review of the articles selected, to include:
a. An introductory statement regarding the Risk Factor identified and the articles selected
b. A brief summary of the article
c. A statement of the thesis (purpose) of the articled
. The method, evidence and/or evaluation the author used in support of the thesis
e. The conclusion or finding
4. For each of the 2 articles selected the student must also identify one supportive article. (See the bibliography of the selected article for potential
articles or conduct a literature search using the UMUC on-line Library resources.)
5. Compose a review of each of the supportive articles, consisting of:
a. A brief summary of the article
b. A description of how the supportive article relates to the selected article
6. A concluding statement
Grading:
The evaluation of this project will focus on
1. The strength of the relationship between the selected articles and the identified Risk Factor topic
2. The comprehensive review of the article
3. The relationship between the supportive articles to the selected articles
4. Overall quality of the composition
5. Compliance with the format requirements.
Format:
1. A minimum of 2,500 words (approximately 6 narrative pages) not including cover page and references page
2. The cover page should include the name and number of the course, the name of the student, title of the project and the date of submission.
3. The narrative composition is to be 12 pt. font, double spacing, with 1 inch margins
4. Resources, including course materials, must be cited both in the narrative where appropriate and on a separate references page, using APA citation rules.
5. Projects should be submitted using the WebTycho Assignment Folder unless instructed otherwise.
6. At the instructor?s discretion, this project may be submitted to Turnitin or other service for verification of originality.
The textbook for this class is
Bartol, Curt R.; and Bartol, Anne M. (2016)
Criminal Behavior: A Psychological Approach, Tenth Edition (Coursesmart Ebook)
Six reader response journal entries; three for each novel.
Two character development charts.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini
Journals
My first impression after reading the novel mainly on Hassan was on how the author described him. His perfect round face that is described to resemble a China doll. His face has a flattened nose and eyes that were narrow and slanting his eyes were of varying colors from sapphire, to gold or even green. He is described by the author to have a pointed chin. Hassan is said never to deny Amir anything he desired. The author paints a picture of a man who would go to the edge in order to assist a partner or friend.
Hosseini uses a hyperbole in his descriptions of Baba. He tells of how the character wrestled a bear with no weapon but his bare hands. The story portrays baba as a strong individual. To drive the point home, the author indicates that had this story been of someone else the people would have dismissed it as untrue. The character is depicted in the novel to hold a lot of power and respect of all people. Everyone believes what he or she hears from him. The author further depicts him as a “Hurricane” who would uproot a willow tree or even kill the devil by his glare alone.
The author shows greed in Amir who wants Baba all for himself. He avoids all cases of Hassan being present fearing he can impress Baba and snatch him away from him. As a reader, I understand that Amir is like an unwanted child who works exceedingly hard to please his father. To Baba, the only unlawful thing is theft and therefore what Amir has been learning in school is not helpful. He wishes to see Amir as businessperson or a wealthy man in the future.
Rahim Khan – Baba’s best friend and business partner Amir’s uncle
Hassan – Amir’s best friend and servant
Ali – Hassan’s father
Complicated Kindness by Miriam Toews
Journals
The term “Mennonite” to modern people, has differing meanings. However, according to the author, the area that provides the novels background is in Russia. It focuses on people from Mennonites in Manitoba. My understanding is that the author tries to paint a picture of a society that will give the readers a point to think about as they read her work.
Naomi Nickel is portrayed as a protagonist in the novel. My attention was drawn by her curiosity and defiance. She gives me the idea of normal sixteen years old who is very inquisitive. Her nature is similar to other teenagers who often find themselves in conflict with the society they live in. she later learns that her sister ran away with her boyfriend which further drives her curiosity.
The novel also gives me the picture of a family living in a village, where everyone is expected to do as those in authority tell them. Naomi becomes a victim of these beliefs where she has to conform or live in opposition with the society and her family. Her nature makes her a target of confrontations between hospital staff, her teacher Mr. Quiring and her father. Eventually her father gives her the freedom to do as the desires. The life of Naomi makes readers think of the sacrifices parents have to make. It also depicts what teenagers go through and the life lessons of their endeavors.
Character Chart
Naomi nickel also Nomi – main character and a protagonist
Raymond Nickel also ray – Naomi’s father who is reserved. Caught in conflict between family and society
Natasha nickel also Tash – Naomi’s older sister,
Travis – Naomi’s broadminded boyfriend
Hans Rosenfeldt – Naomi’s uncle, poster conservationist
Lydia Voth – Naomi’s friend from a conservative family
References
Hosseini, K. (2009). The kite runner.Review. London: Bloomsbury.
Toews, M. (2014). A complicated kindness.
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The author’s perspective of and the personification of Death in Everyman
Order Instructions:
Write a 1,500-word (5–7 pages) essay that addresses ‘EVERYMAN’ from the Drama Unit. A minimum of 6 citations, including the primary source and at least 5 secondary scholarly sources, is required for this assignment.
-The assignment MUST INCLUDE a 1-page thesis statement and outline
-Actual research paper
-bibliography of sources used.
Format the thesis/outline, the draft, and bibliography using current APA format.
Address in the paper:
Discuss the author’s perception of death and the treatment of death in ‘Everyman.’
The author’s perspective of and the personification of Death in Everyman
Thesis Statement
The play titled “Everyman” is a moralist play, a form of performed art that was common in English Theater during the 16th Century. It followed a style of presentation that had a narrative acted out in such a manner that it would deliver a moral lesson to the audience that was in attendance. Most common plays from this period have well-known playwrights, top on the list being Shakespeare. The play titled “Everyman” however stands out for two reasons. The first reason is the fact that its author remains anonymous to this day. The second reason why it is unique is the manner in which it uses allegory with concepts such as death, life, company, wealth, humanity and also good virtues. Ordinarily these aspects or elements of life were represented in plays as ideas creatively maintained in the respective scenes. ‘Everyman’ is however delivered through allegory where each of the main ideas to be used in the play have tangible actors with verbal exchanges with the play’s protagonist. This makes it possible for these different issues to be packaged in a different way from the way they were usually done. The format of ‘everyman’ gives the audience an alternate perspective of death based on what the anonymous viewer believed about this concept. Death, in the mindset of this play’s playwright takes on several roles in mankind’s existence and relationship with God. Death, in the play ‘everyman’ appears to be have more of an active role than a passive one where it is signified as a stage marking the end of life on earth. This can be compared to the belief that people have in the ‘grim reaper’ since this is the only other example of death taking on a personified role. The different roles that death plays are brought out through the dialogue that exists between it and God as well as the dialogues it has with everyman (Cohn, 2015).
The manner in which the author views death helps to bring out the roles that death played in the playwright of the author. The dialogue in this play paints death as a servant of God as well as his messenger to humanity. Death is the common denominator and this means that it makes all men equal at the time of their judgment. Death is also a moralist for humanity in the author’s point of view. Death serves to give man vital life lessons, a catalyst for chance and also an executor of God’s punishments on earth. In the paragraphs below, these different roles of death will be expounded upon (King, 2014).
The role of death as God’s messenger is seen at the start of the play. At the beginning of the play, death is having a conversation with God as the latter laments about how much he is disappointed in mankind. God tells death that mankind is out of control and the reason for this is the lack of accountability for their actions is the lack of consequences. God further proceeds to suggest that this lack of accountability and obedience comes from the fact that humans are not conscious about what will happen to them after they pass on, that is heaven or hell as the final fate for humanity. Death listens keenly and it appears that the way he works is based on what God feels about people. This is the first illustration that death is not merely a passive stage. His relationship with God can be compared tot he relationships that angels have with God as detailed in scriptures. The proximity and the context of the conversation closely mirrors the conversation that God has with angels in several Bible stories such as prior to the tormenting of Job and also during creation. This dialogue therefore foreshadows the role that death plays in the perspective of the playwright (Barnow, 2012).
Death also plays the role of a common denominator for all humanity. Given the heavy use of allegory in this play, it is safe to assume that the main character, everyman, represented humanity and not really a specific single individual. Death is sent to everyman to teach him a lesson, this refers to the profound reactions and thoughts that people have when they come face to face with the issue of their mortality. When death comes close to a person, it is normal for them to think about themselves, for example when they are at a funeral or similar gathering. The reason why death is seen as humanity’s common denominator is the fact that it catalyzes the process of separating people with their material possessions and wealth, leaving them all equal before their final judgment. In the context of the play this is seen by death informing everyman that he will take away. The material possessions that death strove to take away from everyman were goods and knowledge. These were also personified as human-like characters. Goods refer to all forms of wealth that an individual would gather during their time on earth while knowledge was more or less the same as intellect that an individual gathered while on earth. These two are apparently really important to everyman and this is indicative of the importance they have to humanity. Material possessions and knowledge are considered to be important since they are the things that determine the worth of an individual while he or she is on earth. Death gets rid of this hegemony that exists between people by ensuring man is separated from the two. Once this happens, people get to leave the earth as equals without the ability to gain unfair leverage above their counterparts on earth. This appears to be one of the main role death plays in the lives of humanity. God talks about humans in a manner that suggests that they are feeling invincible and beyond reproach for their actions. As such death is sent to reset the status quo and place it in a manner that God desires it where humans focus on what is actually important (Gilman, 1989).
In Death’s work of resetting the status-quo, it also plays another role. This role is that of revealing to humanity what is actually important in this life and beyond. This aspect of death’s work in humanity’s existence is seen in the grace-period he gives everyman, a chance for him to make his life right before his life on earth comes to an end. From the author’s point of view, the issue of death is meant to give lessons to humanity, not just the dying buy humanity in general, people need to realize that there is a bigger picture than what they can see in their immediate environment. God sends death because everyman is short sighted in the things he values. The authors may likely have seen this in his own society, people prioritizing things that are selfish and not really of any value in a spiritual context. When people witness death, hear of it or just think of it, it makes them think twice about their own existence and what they are currently doing in their lives and how this will reflect on their existences after death. This was done in a context where Christianity was the main if not only form of faith in England. As such these people believed in heaven or hell with the former being a place for those who lived a virtuous life and the latter being a place where sinners got punished. Within the strict context of the play, sinners would have been those who held close to goods and knowledge at the expense of good deeds. Good deeds as the only friend who everyman had vaguely refers to the fact that one’s ascension into heaven was pegged on not just refraining from sin but actively engaging in positive actions.
Last but not least, death appears to be the determinant of a person’s fate in terms of the final judgment that he or she will be subjected to at the end of their lives. In the play death does not instantly go to take the life of everyman. His conversation with man begins with somewhat of an introduction and this leads to their having a conversation. During the conversation death makes man aware of the fate awaiting him. The other friends of man, virtues and vices such as the love for wealth and knowledge are given an opportunity to reveal their true nature and worth for everyman before he dies. Good deeds are also given a chance to reveal themselves and give man a chance to take them seriously and to heart. Death had the option of immediately taking the life of man but instead he gives man a chance to actually purge the vices and embrace virtues. In this regard death appears to have used some form of discretion instead of being as harsh and scary as humanity believes. This however also means that death had the option and ability to take the lives of other people without giving them a chance to make their ways right (Potter, 1975)
From the above it is clear that the creative use of allegory by the anonymous playwright of this play helps tremendously in painting death in more than one dimension. The verbal interaction between death and other characters in the play is significant in that it gives the audience a chance to see the different roles and attributes of death not previously thought about. Death appears to do God’s bidding when it comes to the relation between humanity and the concept of mortality. The main character and possible the audience all get to learn about the importance of being deliberate about good deeds as well as being weary about the perils of loving wealth too much.
References
Anonymous (n.d.) Everyman
Potter, R. A. (1975). The English Morality Play: Origins, History, and Influence of a Dramatic Tradition. Routledge.
Gilman, D. (1989). Everyman & company: essays on the theme and structure of the European moral play (Vol. 15). Ams Pr Inc.
Barnouw, A. J. (2012). The Mirror of salvation: a moral play of Everyman C. 1490 (Vol. 2). Springer Science & Business Media.
King, P. M. (2014). Rules of exchange in mediaeval plays and play manuscripts. Literature as Dialogue: Invitations offered and negotiated, 22, 177.
Cohn, R. (2014). Just Play: Beckett’s Theater. Princeton University Press.
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