How the aboriginal people were affected by the mecury contamination of the wabigoon river by the paper mill , and they are being affected regarding that situation by the government as well.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
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Identify an instance of corporate fraud. Briefly summarize the case, including what happened, who was involved, and damages incurred. Note how the fraud was detected and discuss any red flags that appeared prior to detection. Could an accounting and finance system have helped deter this fraud? If yes, how? If no, why not? Are there any specific business policies and procedures that could have been in place that would have prevented the fraud from occurring? Explain.
here are a variety of factors that can affect the overall performance rating of an individual. Aguinis (2013) defined two methods—(1) judgmental and (2) mechanical—for reaching an overall score and states that the mechanical approach is preferable in most cases, particularly if performance objectives are not weighted. In your textbook review “Case Study 6-2: Judgmental and Mechanical Methods of Assigning Overall Performance Score at The Daily Planet”. Discuss the implications of the judgmental and mechanical methods of assigning performance scores and explain why the mechanical method is considered superior to the judgmental method?
Be sure to support your statements with logic and argument, citing any sources referenced.
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Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
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Growth of the Indian population and effect on environment
Growth of the Indian population and effect on environment
Topic-The growth of the Indian population and how it affects the environment.
1. Introduction
The term paper represents you and your learning partner(s)’s research of a geographical topic. It ought to be an application of geographical concepts, theories and methods to the analysis of social, cultural, political, economic or environmental phenomena. The goal is to gain experience in geographical studies employing such concepts as location factors, spatial correlation (association), and spatial patterns. For a list of concepts and their definitions, check the index and glossary at the end of the textbook. You are expected to arrive at a scientific and carefully argued “explanation” for a particular analytical problem or event. This requires careful observation and critical thinking.
Analytical problems are areas of research and theoretical development that remain open to continuing research and scholarly contention. For example, what are the environmental consequences of replacing a wooded tract with a shopping center or an industrial park? Or, what is the relationship between water budget and housing growth? How do we account for rates of social mobility in post-industrial societies? How must the theory of nation states be modified in the age of globalism and transnational corporations? What, or which variables, determine the rate of population growth in third world countries?
Typically, the analysis of problems or issues of geographic nature involves using maps and statistics. As a researcher, you need not only to explain what, where, and why, but more importantly, you need to “take sides,” arguing in favor of one or another solution or policy choice. Check http://geography.about.com/, and readings posted on our course web site to see case studies that contain geographical analysis.
2. Finding Literature for the Term Paper
As you begin to look for materials related to a topic, you will need to engage in online search for scholarly work in geography. Please consult our textbook and the course web site for a list of reputable web-based resources, or discuss your resources through email with me. A good place to start is the International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, available through the CSUMB library web site. Inside the encyclopedia, click geography, you will find many good articles related to geographic theories and methods.
Searching in library catalogs for books with titles such as “economic geography” or “earth science” will also yield good results. Such books often have entire chapters in them that are useful for your study; check the table of contents to see if the book addresses your information needs.
Another good starting point is a database called GEOBASE. It covers the worldwide literature on geography, geology, ecology, international development and their related disciplines. Using key words, such as “urban geography,” “population theory,” “global warming,” and “geographic information systems”, you can find many excellent geography journal articles. Keep in mind that for the purpose of this term paper, you should be interested in concepts, theories and methods that ultimately associated with issues and problems of geographical nature.
3. Additional Requirements of the Term Paper
(1) This term paper should be approximately 15 pages in length (double line spacing, including cover page, tables, charts, maps and bibliography).
(2) Your paper should cite all references used, including all of the books, journal articles, and web sites that you collected information from. In the bibliography, please include a minimal list of 10 sources, and at least five of them must be peer reviewed journal articles. Use the APA Citation Style to write your references.
Must minimally have an introduction section and a conclusion section aside from the main body, which contains discussion and elaboration of the sub-topics or themes as is in standard essay writing practice.
Format your paper using double line spacing within paragraphs, 12-point font and appropriate headings and subheadings (e.g., Introduction, Literature Review, etc.).
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10.1: Coursework 1: Assessments requirements for: Health Behaviour Change Intervention (HBCI)
The assessment involves developing a theory and evidence-based intervention to address a health problem/issue of your choice. Your essay should be structured in the way similar to that of a proposal. This could include one of the following topics, although you can choose your own but need to check with ML for relevance.
• Substance misuse; smoking, alcohol or drug abuse
• Decreasing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) e.g. by promoting condom use
• Eating a healthier diet
• Taking more exercise
• Adhering to medication e.g. asthma
• Screening uptake e.g. vaccinations etc.
You need to select a theory or a theoretical construct/s to base your intervention on and provide justification for your selection using evidence from the body of knowledge in health psychology. Your intervention should consider the following issues:
• Appropriate delivery settings and select one e.g. community centre, schools, religious settings, clinics, hospitals etc.
• Your target population e.g. babies, toddlers, young /older children, youths, adults’ older adults, elderly / age, gender /culture/ disability / health status etc. and how you will ensure your intervention reaches them.
• Consider the person/people who will deliver the intervention and how they will do this and select appropriate delivery techniques and strategies, according to the literature (not what you think!)
Keeping things clear and precise will be critical to managing to achieve this and write up the justification for the decisions you have made
10.2. Assessment structure guidance
The section below aims to guide you on how to structure your HBCI proposal and outline possible contents for each section. With regards to supporting evidence you are expected to gather information from a variety of sources including academic journals and appropriate on-line resources. Do not rely solely on textbooks to source materials and information. In addition, you should ensure that your assessment does not regurgitate lecture material, but instead focuses on a more specific part of a given area, and looks at it in more depth. For example, you may want to critically evaluate the current literature on a given area e.g. obesity crisis, and suggest strategies in which health behaviour change interventions can appropriately be expanded upon by future research.
1. Title
• Encapsulate the health issue and target audience
2. Background: (1000 words approx.)
• Context to a contemporary health problem identified in your target population, e.g. why it’s important to target; could make use of statistics relating to certain health and illness issues in different geographical contexts and population groups
• Possible consequences of not addressing the health issue etc.
3. Proposed intervention and its accompanying strategies/techniques (1000 words approx.)
• Evidence identifying the proposed strategies / BCTs to tackle the health problem
• Evidence in describing the theoretical mechanisms underpinning strategies to promote /decrease target behaviour change in similar / target populations (e.g. modelling, rewards and praise etc.)
4. Evaluation: (1000 words approx.)
• The likely impact of your proposed intervention; what can contemporary health psychology-based theories/ constructs identified, tell us about why your health behaviour change intervention will work?
• How persuasive your arguments are in favour of your intervention e.g. level of insight and evaluation (e.g. methodological considerations relating to identified supporting evidence)
5. Conclusion (500 words approx.)
• Suggested recommendations for practice regarding the intervention, and possible research in light of the evidence identified
• Utility of health psychology theory/theories underpinning your chosen strategies
6. Referencing
• Provide a full list of all the sources in CU Harvard referencing format that you have consulted for this assessment.
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Written Research Proposal on Parent Alienation Written Research Proposal For this assignment, each student will formulate his or her own research study.
Written Research Proposal on Parent Alienation
Remember to consider feasibility, time management, cost, and make it as realistic as possible. There are many ways to arrange the various topics within your proposal. You may use the following as a format or choose something similar. Please make sure that you include the following components:
Please re-read the AERA article on the standards for the literature review. Please make sure that you are not just describing one research study after another. You should organize the literature review so that it is clearly categorized into themes and provides a summary of what has been done, has not been done, etc. You must include as many of your 50 AB sources as possible (clearly cited within the paper, APA style).
III. Research Design (Use your text to help you choose the best design that will fit your study based on your readings and what you are learning so far.)
Description of the Treatment (if any) Provision for Trustworthiness
Data Collection Summary
Data Analysis
Summary
References
EDU 8302
Research Proposal Guidelines/Suggested Components
For this assignment, students are required to prepare a written research proposal. This proposal should be modeled after a typical dissertation. To aid in the completion of this assignment, a description of sections typically found in a traditional dissertation is presented below. Qualitative formatting is presented first, followed by quantitative.
Chapter I [Qualitative]
Introduction to the Study
Begin with a brief introductory paragraph. There is no heading for this paragraph. This paragraph also describes the organization of the chapter.
Background of the Problem
This section is a brief introduction to the research, based on the literature. First, the problem that will be addressed in the study is introduced with a link to the broader context. Second, broad areas of theory and related research are outlined.
Statement of the Problem
In this section, the researcher focuses on the problem and situates the research within theory, policy, or practice supported by the literature. Begin with a paragraph that identifies the topic of the study in a way that appeals to a wide readership.
Next discuss within the framework of the topic, a current problem or issue that needs to be addressed. Discuss the published literature on this problem (Think in groups of studies, rather than individual studies). An overview of the literature that will be detailed in the next chapter is appropriate here. Point out gaps or deficiencies in the literature.
Written Research Proposal on Parent Alienation Theoretical Framework
Identify and discuss the conceptual base for the study and the foundational paradigm supported in the literature.
The Purpose of the Study and Research Question(s)
The task for the researcher in this section is to pose the purpose of the study and question(s) that is/are general enough to evolve during the course of the research, but yet focused enough to provide direction in the research. Remember, every chapter should include the purpose statement at the beginning stated in exactly the same way!
Rationale/Significance of the Research
It is in this section that the researcher provides a brief discussion of how the research is an important contribution to the field.
Written Research Proposal on Parent Alienation Assumptions
Assumptions are those issues or items that are taken for granted relative to this study. An example would be: the study participants answered all of the interview questions openly and honestly.
Limitations/Delimitations
This section clarifies the boundaries of the study. Limitations are those factors that may affect the study and over which the researcher does not have control. This constrains generalizability of findings. For example, a study of English language acquisition among native Spanish speakers based on data from a truly representative sample of this group would allow the researcher to make generalizations about this to the larger population even though they were not included in the study.
However, this could not be generalized to other language speakers.
Delimitations are factors that may affect the study that is controlled by the researcher. For example, delimitation might be that the study included only those superintendents who had been serving in the same district for at least five years. The student will prepare a statement of purpose or intent that clearly sets out what is meant to be accomplished by the study but that also includes a declaration of what the study does not intend to cover and why.
Written Research Proposal on Parent Alienation Definitions
Conceptual and/or operational definitions should be provided for terms unique to the study. In all cases, definitions should be grounded in the appropriate research literature (not a dictionary!) and cited.
Chapter II [Qualitative]
Review of Related Literature
A thoughtful and insightful discussion of related literature builds a logical framework for the research that sets it within a tradition of inquiry and a context of related studies (Marshall & Rossman, 1999). This section should incorporate a tightly-bound and interconnected body of literature that supports the reader in understanding the assumptions and the significance of the research.
Begin the introduction of the literature review immediately after the chapter title – do not use a heading – with a restatement of the problem or purpose exactly as it was written in Chapter I. At the end of the introductory paragraph, point out how the chapter is organized. The main topics that are identified should generally be Level 2 headings in the chapter. Be sure to develop an outline for use in writing this chapter and use headings and sub-headings throughout the literature review for clarity.
Other points for attention as you write the literature review:
Limit paragraph length to approximately 15 – 20 lines.
One sentence is not a paragraph.
Demonstrate to the reader a comprehensive grasp of the field and awareness of important recent substantive and methodological developments.
Delineate the “jumping off place” for your study. How will this study refine, revise, or extend what is now known?
Avoid statements which imply that little has been done in the area or that what has been done is too extensive to permit easy summary.
Avoid excessive use of quotations. These should only be used when the quoted material is stated in a unique way and can be inserted without breaking the continuity of the writing.
Be sure that the literature review covers topics related to all research questions.
References cited should be as recent as possible, preferably within 5 years, unless the student is citing seminal research or providing a historical framework.
Written Research Proposal on Parent Alienation Summary
Once again, the chapter will conclude with a brief summary that directs the reader to the following chapters. In Chapter II, the researcher has reviewed the literature. The methodology is presented in Chapter III. In Chapter IV, the findings are presented. A summary of the study, conclusions, implications for practice, and recommendations for further study are discussed in Chapter V.
Chapter III [Qualitative]
Methodology
The purpose of this chapter is to provide detailed information about the study. Understanding the nature of the design is critical to judging the trustworthiness of the research; therefore, this section must be linked to the previous two chapters in a logical and meaningful way. After the proposal has been defended and the study completed, this chapter will need to be updated with accurate demographic information. Repeat what the study is all about using the purpose statement as it was stated in Chapters 1 and 2. Offer the reader a brief overview of the design. Detail will be provided in the following sections. Do not use a heading for this introductory paragraph.
Research Design
Identify and explain the design used in this study. Support your rationale for this from the literature.
The Participants and/or the Setting
It is in this section that the “who” and the “where” of the research is detailed and a rationale for those choices offered.
Some chairs prefer that this is divided into two separate topics.
Data Collection
The nature of data collection methods is described here. Interviews, participant observation, and artifact analysis are among the array of data collection tools that may be used.
Treatment of the Data
This section describes the analysis procedures that guided the interpretation of the data collected. You may follow a constant comparative analysis procedure, code segments of data and look for themes and patterns that seem to be evident, use a narrative analysis technique, utilize a computer data management program to assist in the analysis, or other analysis processes. Support has chosen analysis methods by citing the literature.
Provisions for Trustworthiness
Trustworthiness is the extent to which confidence can be placed in the outcomes of the study (Lincoln & Guba, 1985).
Describing the multiple sources of data collection, writing an epoche, explaining the audit trail followed in the research process, and using member checks are examples of processes that support trustworthiness.
Summary
This is very brief without citations. It directs the reader to the following chapters as has been done in Chapters I and II.
Traditional Quantitative Research Dissertation
The format for most quantitative dissertations follows the following guidelines; however variations as needed may be made with approval from the dissertation chair.
Chapter I [Quantitative]
Written Research Proposal on Parent Alienation Introduction to the Study
Begin with a brief introductory paragraph. There is no heading for this paragraph. This paragraph also describes the organization of the chapter.
Background
This section is a brief introduction to the research, supported by the literature. First, the problem that will be addressed in the study is introduced with a link to the broader context. Second, broad areas of theory and related research are outlined.
Statement of the Problem
In this section, the researcher focuses on the problem and situates the research within theory, policy, or practice supported by the literature. Begin with a paragraph that identifies the topic of the study in a way that appeals to a wide readership. Next discuss within the framework of the topic, a current problem or issue that needs to be addressed. Discuss the literature on this problem. (Think in groups of studies, rather than individual studies.) Point out gaps or deficiencies in the literature.
Theoretical Foundation
Identify and discuss the conceptual base for the study and the foundational paradigm supported in the literature.
Statement of the Purpose and Research Questions
Be certain to include somewhere a sentence such as: The purpose of this research is . . . REMEMBER, every chapter in the dissertation should include the purpose statement at the beginning. It must appear exactly the same throughout the dissertation! Follow the purpose statement with a few research questions to guide the study’s development.
Rationale/Significance of the Study
Indicate the importance of the study or the need for the study.
Assumptions
Assumptions are those issues or items that are taken for granted relative to your study. An example would be: the study participants answered all of the interview questions openly and honestly.
Limitations/Delimitations
This section clarifies the boundaries of the study. Limitations are those factors that may or will affect the study and over which the researcher does not have control. This constrains generalizability of findings. For example, a study of English language acquisition among native Spanish speakers based on data from a truly representative sample of this group would allow the researcher to make generalizations about this to the larger population even though they were not included in the study. However, this could not be generalized to other language speakers.
Delimitations are factors that may or will affect the study that is controlled by the researcher. For example, delimitation might be that the study included only those superintendents who had been serving in the same district for at least five years. The student will prepare a statement of purpose or intent that clearly sets out what is meant to be accomplished by the study but that also includes a declaration of what the study does not intend to cover and why.
Written Research Proposal on Parent Alienation Definitions
Conceptual and/or operational definitions should be provided for terms unique to the study. In all cases, definitions should be grounded in the appropriate research literature.
Summary and Organization of the Study
Chapter I, as well as the other chapters, concludes with a section that delineates the contents of the remaining chapters in the study. Example: In Chapter I, the researcher has introduced the study. In Chapter II, the literature is reviewed. The methodology is explained in Chapter III.
Chapter II [Quantitative]
Review of the Literature
Begin the introduction of the literature review with a restatement of the problem or purpose exactly as it was written in Chapter I. At the end of the introduction, point out how the chapter is organized. (This should be consistent with Level 2 headings in the chapter.) Be sure to develop an outline for use in writing this chapter. Also, use headings and sub-headings throughout the literature review for clarity. Do not use a heading for this introductory paragraph.
Other points for attention as you write the literature review:
Limit paragraph length to approximately 15 – 20 lines.
One sentence is not a paragraph.
Demonstrate to the reader a comprehensive grasp of the field and awareness of important recent substantive and methodological developments.
Delineate the “jumping off place” for your study. How will your study refine, revise, or extend what is now known?
Avoid statements which imply that little has been done in the area or that what has been done is too extensive to permit easy summary.
Avoid excessive use of quotations. These should only be used when the quoted material is stated in a unique way and can be inserted without breaking the continuity of the writing.
Be sure that the literature review covers topics related to all research questions.
References cited should be as recent as possible, preferably within 5 years, unless the student is citing seminal research or providing a historical framework.
Summary
The summary of the literature review is brief and uses the student’s own words – do not include citations in the summary.
Remember, to conclude each chapter with a brief statement of what follows: In Chapter II, the researcher has reviewed the literature. The methodology is presented in Chapter III. In Chapter IV, the findings are presented. A summary of the study, conclusions and implications for practice and recommendations for further study are discussed in Chapter V.
Chapter III [Quantitative]
Methodology
The steps in this chapter vary widely depending on the general research design. Once again, this is a transition from Chapter II and should include a restatement of the study’s purpose using the same words as were used in the original problem statement in the chapter introduction. The organization of the chapter should be mentioned here. The introductory paragraph does not have a heading. After the proposal has been defended and the study completed, this chapter will need to be updated with the demographics of the sample, and any other information that describes how the study was conducted.
Research Questions and/or Hypotheses
Hypotheses may be relevant to theoretical, experimental, or causal-comparative research, and when you state hypotheses, the reader is entitled to have an exposition of the theory that leads to them (and the assumptions/paradigms underlying the theory). Not all quantitative studies require hypothesis statements, but they do require research questions.
Research Design
Identify and explain the design used. Indicate the steps you took to answer every question or to test every hypothesis.
Indicate and define all variables.
Population/Participants
This includes a description of the individuals who participated in the study and the procedures used for selection. Discuss issues of external validity, (i.e., generalizability, probability sampling, random selection, and random assignment, etc.).
Instrumentation
Outline instrumentation to be used. Consider issues of validity, reliability and objectivity. Break the instrumentation into subparts and identify the developer. Pilot study information is generally included in this section.
Procedures
Describe the way in which the study will be conducted so that the relationships between variables can be investigated and so that the study can be replicated.
This is the most detailed section of your study – provide enough information about your study so that replication is possible.
Think about the steps involved in your study (from start to finish) as a guide when writing this sub-section – avoid superficial details, but do not omit pertinent ones.
Include sections for:
Treatment
If a treatment was used, describe in complete detail the treatment and implementation process. Describe procedures to the point of replicability by future researchers.
Data Collection Procedures
Describe data collection, controls, human subject protection, etc.
Data Analysis
Describe the tools used such as SPSS, EXCEL, etc. and provide a brief overview of tests or types of analyses.
Summary
Conclude with a brief summary and direct the reader to the next chapters as has been done in Chapters I and II.
Write a 4-5 page research paper on CA drought, what has caused it & what are the effects currently. Papers should be typed (using Microsoft Word
2010 or newer only) with size 12 font using the standard Microsoft Word (2010-2016) template.
Hand written papers or papers in other formats will not be accepted! Your project will be graded using the following criteria:
1. Name your Word file ‘Last Name_First Name_Research.docx
(i.e. Smith_Joe_Research.docx)
2. Must include a cover page (not included in the 4-5 pages) (2 points)
. Must use at least 4 sources (4 points)
a. At least one source must be from peer-reviewed academic journal articles or textbooks
b. Sources such as Wikipedia cannot be used.
c. Sources exploring non-traditional theories on your topic are encouraged, where appropriate but not mandatory.
4. Must include a citations or work cited page at the end of your paper (not included in the 4-5
pages) (2 points)
5. Grammar and sentence structure (5 points)
6. You should run the MS Word spelling and grammar checker and make appropriate changes
a. Look for errors in grammar and sentence structure
b. Make appropriate comments to help improve the readability of the paper
7. Research Paper (35 points)
a. Begin with an introductory section introducing your topic (1-2 paragraphs)
b. Discuss the criteria indicated for your topic (formation, history, etc.)
c. Discus past and current theories where appropriate
d. Discuss alternative or controversial theories where appropriate
e. End with a conclusion section briefly summarizing the body of your paper (1-2 paragraphs)
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Write a 3-page narrative. In your narrative, be sure to respond to the following:
Summarize what you have learned about the similarities and differences among the approaches.
Describe what you’ve learned by comparing the options and what you choose the approach that you plan to use for your research plan in this course.
Identify the approach you intend to use for your research question.
Describe your rationale for your choice of approach.
**Method of choice is PHEMENOLOGY***
the topic it will be used with is the experiences of women in rural north georgia and substance abuse issues
Understanding Nursing Home Residents’ Definitions of Quality by Bowers, B.; Fibich, B.; Jacobson, N., in The Gerontologist, Vol. 41/Issue 4. Copyright 2001 by Oxford University Press – Journals, The Gerontological Society of America. Reprinted by permission of Oxford University Press – Journals, The Gerontological Society of America via the Copyright Clearance Center.
Qualitative Case Study
Donnelly, C., Brenchley, C., Crawford, C., & Letts, L. (2013). The integration of occupational therapy into primary care: A multiple case study design. BMC Family Practice, 14(60), 1–12. doi:10.1186/1471-2296-14-60
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Grounded Theory
Barello, S., Graffigna, G., Vegni, E., Savarese, M., Lombardi, F., & Bosio, A. C. (2015). ‘Engage me in taking care of my heart’: A grounded theory study on patient-cardiologist relationship in the hospital management of heart failure. BMJ Open, 5(3), e005582. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005582
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Heuristic Inquiry (PHEMENOLOGY)
Howard, A., & Hirani, K. (2013). Transformational change and stages of development in the workplace: A heuristic inquiry. Journal of Integral Theory and Practice, 8(1/2), 71–86. Retrieved from http://www.metaintegralstore.com/jitp/
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Narrative Inquiry
Blustein, D. L., Kozan, S., & Connors-Kellgren, A. (2013). Unemployment and underemployment: A narrative analysis about loss. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 82(3), 256–265. doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2013.02.005
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Systems Theory
Pallan, M., Parry, J., & Adab, P. (2012). Contextual influences on the development of obesity in children: a case study of UK South Asian communities. Preventive Medicine, 54(3), 205–211. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.01.018
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Ethnography/Autoethnography
Hernandez, K. A. C., Ngunjiri, F. W., & Chang, H. (2015). Exploiting the margins in higher education: A collaborative autoethnography of three foreign-born female faculty of color. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 28(5), 533–551. doi:10.1080/09518398.2014.933910
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
McCormack, M. (2014). The intersection of class, youth masculinities and decreasing homophobia: An ethnography. British Journal of Sociology, 65(1), 130–149. doi:10.1111/1468-4446.12055
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Participatory Community Approaches
Hutchinson, S. L., & Gallant, K. A. (2016). Can senior centres be contexts for aging in third places? Journal of Leisure Research, 48(1), 50–68. doi:10.18666/JLR-2016-V48-I1-6263
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Patton, M. Q. (2015). Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Chapter 4, “Practical and Actionable Qualitative Applications” (pp. 169–242)
Grant, C., & Osanloo, A. (2014). Understanding, selecting, and integrating a theoretical framework in dissertation research: Creating the blueprint for your “house.” Administrative Issues Journal: Education, Practice, and Research, 4(2), 12–26. doi:10.5929/2014.4.2.9. Retrieved from http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1058505.pdf
Wu, J. M., Viswanathan, M., & Ivy, J. S. (2012). A conceptual framework for future research on mode of delivery. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 16(7), 1447–1454. doi:10.1007/s10995-011-0910-x
Note: You will access this article from the Walden Library databases.
Optional Resources
Ravitch, S. M., & Riggen, M. (2017). Reason & rigor: How conceptual frameworks guide research. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Reason & Rigor: How Conceptual Frameworks Guide Research, 2nd Edition by Ravitch, S.; Riggen, M. Copyright 2016 by Sage College. Reprinted by permission of Sage College via the Copyright Clearance Center.
Chapter 3, “Origins of a Conceptual Framework: The Birth of Grit” (pp. 35–56)
Chapter 4, “Excavating Questions: Conceptual Frameworks and Research Design” (pp. 57–78)
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Smiling makes you more attractive. It lifts your mood and the mood of everyone around you. It is believed to be infectious and may even make you live longer.
How Smiling Affects your Brain
Each time you smile your brain feels really happy. Smiling activates the release of feel- good-messengers that work towards fighting stress. These messengers help you experience a whole range of emotions, from happiness to sadness, anger to depression.
When a smile flashes across your face; dopamine, endorphins and serotonin are all released into your bloodstream, making not only your body relax but also work to lower your heart rate and blood pressure. Endorphins are natural painkillers – 100%
naturally produced by your own body, without the negative effects of medication.
How Smiling Affects Your Body
When you smile, people treat you differently. You’re seen as attractive, reliable, relaxed and sincere. Scientists found that seeing an attractive smiling face activates your orbitofrontal cortex, the region in your brain processing sensory rewards. This suggests
that when you view a person smiling, you actually feel that you’re being rewarded.
How Smiling Affects Other People
Smiling is infectious, because the part of your brain that is responsible for your facial expression of smiling when happy or mimicking another person’s smile is located in the cingulate cortex, an unconscious automatic response area. In a Swedish study, subjects were shown pictures of different emotions, including joy, fear, anger, and surprise. The participants were told to frown when shown a smiling person. Instead, as you might have already guessed, participants echoed the emotions of the people rather than following the researcher’s instructions.We can’t always control what happens to us, but smiling and laughing more often can
really change your internal and external experience, and brighten your perspective on life. So just keep smiling!
The project.
The professor will select a group of three or more students to go to a public place (mall, flea market, bus station, college campus, park, beach, downtown, etc.). This group will prepare themselves to select a location. Each student will take turns in smiling to
complete strangers. The other two students will be the observers of the effects of not only the strangers, but of the student themselves. The students will randomly select different people from the community and smile to them. The range of smiling can be from a fake smile, a smirk, or full blown smile with a laugh attached to it. There are a minimum of 30 observable smiles per student to men and women from our society.
You are smiling to babies, toddlers, teenagers, young adults, middle aged, and elderly.
Separate your smiles evenly among your sample strangers. There is no need for interaction from the smiling student; however, the other two students must be able to be nearby to see the reaction of the general public and observe it’s effects.
The group will share the entire load of organizing a day to do this research, taking turns in smiling, writing the observation, writing the essay, and making the graphs.
Each person of the group will assist in writing the five (5) page essay (introduction – body – conclusions) which explains your entire work of where you went for the smiling, the effects of the public, the effects of the student, and the final thoughts of all three students after completing this project. The final page of this project would be to make two (2) graphs which depict your findings. The graphs have to be quantitative which depict your results of your study.
Assignment Overview
You will write a five (5) page essay of your findings after there has been 30 smiling interactions from your team. Page one is the cover sheet with all student’s names, page two through four is your essay, and page five is your graphs.
Instructions
To successfully complete this assignment follow the steps below:
1. Get assigned into a group. Get to know your group.2. Within the group, plan a day or days to go within your community to begin smiling.
3. Smile to 30 strangers, (10 per student) of people of your community.
4. Each member of the group will submit the same graphs. This graphs will have a cover page with the class name, date, professor’s name, and the names of all students within the group.
5. Submit the graphs using Canvas.
6. The group will create four (2) graphs depicting quantitative data of your research.
Submit your essay and graphs using Canvas.
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