Category: Questions

Nursing Assignment Deconstruction

Nursing Assignment Deconstruction
Nursing Assignment Deconstruction

Nursing Assignment Deconstruction

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In this essay we are required to examine a question. the question contain factors that impact on understanding indigenous health and a culturally safe approach. we are to deconstruct the wording of the question to determine it’s hidden meaning/assumptions being made, the stereotypes being employed in the wording of the question, how the question exhibits a lack of understanding. the question chosen to deconstruct is; Why do Aboriginal Australians get given everything?

SAMPLE ANSWER

NURS 1006 Assignment 1: Deconstruction

Deconstructing or digging deeper into a question allows an individual to come up with various assumptions, answers, and questions that enhance clear understanding on the issues at hand. In nursing, nurses must get to deconstruct various issues or questions to gain a deeper understanding for them to reach an amicable solution. The author, therefore, deconstructs the question, “Why do Aboriginal Australians get to be given everything?” in quest to identify the hidden meaning/assumptions and stereotypes employed in the wording and how the question exhibits a lack of understanding.

A question may have face value and deeper meaning or assumptions. This is exhibited through deconstruction. In the question above, the hidden meaning is the reasons that contribute to this situation (Piper, 2013). It is important to carryout research to find exact reasons that make this Aboriginal to be given everything. Evidence through research may provide a range of reasons that contribute to this scenario.  A number of studies carried out on this community cite various reasons including race, their seclusion and for being disadvantaged for many years that has contributed to their low living standards among many others (Robinson, 2010).  Therefore, the question will trigger such reactions requiring substantiation through analysis of various research studies. This question can as well be constructed through personal experiences and observation. It becomes essential to meet some of these people from Aboriginal community and share with them their experiences and whether indeed are given everything.  It is still deconstruction when the consumer of the information seeks these alternatives just to get a clear or the exact reason why they are given everything.

The questions as well may be an assumption based on some allegations not well supported. The fact that these category of people are in need of assistance due to their behaviors and level of education, it is not a guarantee that they are given everything.   One needs to ask a question whether, the government has the capability to give them everything or not or whether the government gives them certain percentage of income to assist them to carry on with their lives. (Kobasa, 2014).  The phrase, ‘everything’ in real sense means that the government provides them literally everything and they are not able to work and take care of themselves. This would mean that in absence of government to give them the assistance, they would not be able to carry on with their daily lives. It is an assumption that can only be proved through closer interrogation of the claim or question. The question is based on assumptions and prejudices that an individual who posed the question holds against the Aboriginal community. It may be true that majority of the people from Aboriginal community get some level of support hence these generalization or assumptions. Therefore, the hidden assumptions in the question are that a good number of people from Aboriginal community receive assistance from the government (Binnie, 2010). The word ‘everything’, is therefore, used to imply that larger percentage comes from the government.

From the question, it is clear that there are stereotypes in the wording that as well require closer look and analysis in deconstructing of the sentence. The question has several words arrangement in a specific pattern to help insinuate certain meaning that the composer wants the audience to get. The word ‘why ‘begins the sentence and it aims at creating or raising attention or questions on the others issues raised in the question. Beginning the sentence therefore, questions the reason why these Aboriginal Australians are given everything.  The question seeks answers why not other community but Aboriginal Australians have these privileges. The question as well incorporates the word Aboriginal Australians indicating that it leans or focus on a specific community (Herriman, 2013).   Aboriginals Australians have a history of seclusion and denial of various rights for quiet sometimes. These people are only known to hold onto their cultural values/traditional beliefs that make them distinct from the rest of the members of Australian community (Frost, 2014).

The reason for inclusion of the name of the community is to enhance clear understanding of the target groups. The question nevertheless could have been framed in a different way to avoid these stereotypes.  Once the mention of the word Aboriginal Australia, it triggers certain perceptions and assumption in the mind of the listener influencing on their approach to the question (Hughes, More & Williams, 2004). Another important word is ‘given everything’. In this sense, one may ask what everything entails. Is it money, clothing, houses, transportation, household items, food or literary everything they need?  One may also ask whether every specific person proved to be an Aboriginal Australia is entitled to what is referred to “everything” or what criteria is normally used to reach a consensus on how is an Aboriginal Australian. Is it the Australian constitution or is it the customs of the people.

It is also important to explore and analyze a question to determine whether it exhibits a lack of understanding. Asking oneself the appropriate attributes or things that makes or enhances understanding is also essential. One of the thing is to evaluate ones cognitive and scope of education and experience in the area.  For instance, in this case, it is important for an individual to have an idea of what Aboriginals are. Not having an understanding that these are people from a community in Australia may definitely result to misinterpretation of the question. The question, exhibits lack of understanding by failing to be specific on what categories of Aboriginal Australians (Fisher, 2013). The question is general and this makes it abit complex to understand the scope and the setting.  Going through the questions, does it mean that any Aboriginal Australians that lives in any part of the world is included to those that receive everything from the government? Such are lapses that contribute to lack of understanding of what the question is all about (Isaacs, 2011). The question could have been clear and enhanced understanding. For instance, if it was specific instating the aboriginal Australians that stay at specific locations in America, their age, social status and such like aspects.

Furthermore, there is lack of understanding when the questions use the phrase ‘gets everything’. What one may ask is what everything entails? Does it means they are also given the air they breathe, and literary everything beginning from houses, food education, clothing or what does this everything stands for. Therefore, the question could be specific in identifying the various assistance that the said community is given by the government.

In conclusion, through this exercise of deconstructing the wording of this question, it has emerged that various omissions and word choices hinder clear understanding of the question. It means that any individual must be specific and think about the words and the sentence construction to construct a sentence that will enhance clear understanding. Misunderstandings caused by poor word choice and sentence structure add to false assumptions and misrepresented facts.

References

Binnie, K. (2010). Rocks, leaves on Indigenous learning agenda             http://www.australianews.com.au/australia/queensland/darlingdowns/toowoomba/story?cityid=9901bdf5-f527-4b68-852d-149172949fd4&storyid=5b859ac9-bc45-4663-9894-630f7b9c9ef6

Fisher, D. (2013). Becoming the State in Northern Australia: Urbanisation, Intra- Indigenous Relatedness, and the State Effect. Oceania, 83(3):238-258.

Frost, M. (2014). The three rules of being Aboriginal: anxiety and violence in Central Australia.    Australian Aboriginal Studies, 2014(1): 90-98.

Herriman, N. (2013). Western Australia’s Aboriginal heritage regime: Critiques of culture,ethnography, procedure and political economy.  Australian Aboriginal Studies, 1: 85-100.

Hughes, P., More, A., & Williams, M. (2004). Aboriginal Ways of Learning. Adelaide.

Isaacs, D. (2011). Baseline Framing in Sentencing, The Yale Law Journal , 121:426

Kobasa, P. (2014). Early Peoples Aboriginal Peoples of Australia. World Book, Inc. eBook.

Piper, M. (2013).  Autonomy and the Normativity Question: Framing Considerations.  International Journal of Philosophical Studies, 21(2):204-224.

Robinson, N.  (2010). Indigenous urban dwellers better off but not happier The Australian.           Retrieved from:  http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/indigenous-urban-dwellers-better-off-but-not-happier/story-e6frg6nf-1225931996865

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Political game Research Paper Assignment

Political game
Political game

Political game

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III. Political game
This project is based on using a relevant game to analyse a real (and current) political unrest.
? Collect information by:
1. Reading news/media updates about an aspect of a political situation.
2. Observe the tactics/strategies employed by both “players”.
3. Observe the external environment of the situation.
Formulate the following based on your observation and data collection
1. Rules of the game (players, strategies, responses, payoffs, etc)
2. Choices, incentive and decisions of players in this game

My part is doing Hong Kong’s democratic movement which continues right now, i will upload my team member, just follow what he did in his report is fine. the players in the game should be different group of HK people

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction

Hong Kong is one of the largest cities of China today and it’s located strategically in the South of the China Sea. Hong Kong prides itself as a major global economical center that has a lot of influence in global finance and transportation. Before the year 1997, Hong Kong was still a British Protectorate. As the heart of the Cantonese China, Hong Kong was eventually transferred to the Chinese authorities in 1997 who promised to respect the rule of law and also to uphold its democracy. However, after its incorporation into the Chinese governmental authority, the Chinese government went back on its promises and at the end of August 2014, the Chinese government issued a directive that it would select the candidates who would run in the following executive election for high office in Hong Kong. By issuing the directive, the residents of Hong Kong felt that the Chinese government had interfered with the city’s election and mass protests ensued. (Carroll, 2007) The large, pro-democracy groups and other protesters blocked the roads hindering business, transportation, economics and industry operations in the general Chinese economy. The Chinese government battled for the entire control of the city’s economy and administrative functions while the residents and the anti-Chinese government protesters fought for the extension of its status quo as allowed by the British government. Hong Kong had greater autonomy and operated under its own by-laws through open democratic processes and the economy thrived because of the open democratic and capitalistic systems. (Zhang, Nathan, Link & Schell, 2002)

China detests Hong Kong’s robust democratic institutions like the judicial institution that has qualified international judges and the existence of the press freedom law. Hong Kong’s election process is also more democratic than the Chinese election that requires more than 150 council supporters to qualify one to run for political office.

The constant clashes between the law enforcement agencies and the pro-democracy supporters, has resulted in reduced economic activities and has also led to relocation of the city’s best brains and businesses. The western countries have also placed an embargo on all imports from

In the Financial world, Hong Kong is one of the major cities of China. It has exports close to $457 billion in 2013 most of which are exported to China. While at the same time, importing goods mostly from China worth $521 Billion for the same period. The major industries are textile, banking, electronics, shipping, watches, toys and plastics. The main income earning business is the service industry which accounts for almost 90% of its GDP. The GDP growth was 7.2% in the first quarter of the year 2011 while the GDP per Capita was US$50,936 PPP in 2012.

China wants to control the resources of these vast city but the citizens have put up a fight to maintain its conservative British style of government. If the standoff persists both the Chinese government and the residents would lose. The Chinese government would certainly lose its taxes and business prospects while the citizens would lose jobs, business profits and other earnings and most of the foreign countries in the western world would also lose their exports of arms sales that they were exporting to China.

The two agents are faced with a dilemma; Prisoners Dilemma as shown in the table below.

Players/Strategies                Chinese  Authorities
Cooperate Defect
Cooperate 2,2  – 3, -1
Western      
World/Protesters/Traders Defect  -1 , -3  -5 , -5

Prisoners Dilemma game

While Russia would lose one its economic major cities if it continues with its regular clashes with the protesters and the economic costs and also the consequences of such actions would be huge. The prisoners dilemma in these case explains the options available to China and the foreign nations including the EU that have already placed embargoes on arm sales to China because its handling of the protesters during the Tiananmen square demonstration and the interference of the Hong Kong democratic elections. (Youngs, 2002) The payoffs have been measured generally as a percentage of the Hong Kong’s GDP growth and the outcomes of the arms embargoes placed on Chinese government and the constant interruptions of the trading district. (Suettinger, 2004)

The table indicates the direct outcomes of the prisoner’s dilemma game. We make the assumptions that the players on both sides are rational and they are all aware of their outcomes and strategies applied.

The values shown on the payoff matrix are not real but have been used to demonstrate the economic results of the exercise. The inability of China to import arms from the US would also impact on the US economy just as much as it would affect the Chinese government when it has again to negotiate other arms deals with different countries.

To analyze the economic situation depending on the strategy adopted;

If both countries cooperate and the clashes are eliminated, the protesters would benefit just as much as the US would be able to export its arms to china and both countries would benefit economically hence positive economic growth.

One country can choose to cooperate and the other refuses. In respect to our last assumption the countries would be entitled to respective payoffs. One country defects and accommodates the other one hence the country would be less affected and benefit. As a result, the defected country would experience less economic growth than the one that accommodated the other one.

In another scenario but countries may decide defect/defect. Both countries may decide to impose trade restrictions to each other and they would be worse off while their economies would bear the weight of their unwise decisions.

The unlikely outcome in a game theory is what actually happened when both players decided to opt for the least option of defect/defect and which goes against any grain of economic principles. Its not possible to predict how the Chinese government is planning to deal with the Hong Kong issue as its recent economic trends is gradually reducing compared to the earlier years when it was still under the British rule. The Hong Kong residents are still determined to fight on till their demands are addressed. The ideologically and political history of the Chinese have a lot in common with the Russian Government and its predictable that they would not be relenting on their determination to secure and control the vibrant economy of the world most vibrant financial city notwithstanding the colossal economical costs that may be incurred because of their actions

References

Carroll, J. M. A. (2007) Concise History of Hong Kong. Rowman & Littlefield.

Suettinger, R. L. (2004). Beyond Tiananmen: The Politics of U.S.-China Relations 1989–2000. Brookings Institution Press. p. 105

Youngs, R. (2002) The European Union and the Promotion of Democracy, Oxford University Press

Zhang, L., Nathan, A. J., Link, P. & Schell O. (2002) The Tiananmen Papers: 

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Hormone Replacement Therapy Assignment 

Hormone Replacement Therapy
Hormone Replacement Therapy

Hormone Replacement Therapy

Order Instructions:

HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY
In recent years, hormone replacement therapy has become a controversial issue. When prescribing therapies, advanced practice nurses must weigh the strengths and limitations of the prescribed supplemental hormones. If advanced practice nurses determine that the limitations outweigh the strengths, then they might suggest alternative treatment options such as herbs or other natural remedies, changes in diet, and increase in exercise.
Consider the following scenario:
As an advanced practice nurse at a community health clinic, you often treat female (and sometimes male patients) with hormone deficiencies. One of your patients requests that you prescribe supplemental hormones. This poses the questions: How will you determine what kind of treatment to suggest? What patient factors should you consider? Are supplemental hormones the best option for the patient, or would they benefit from alternative treatments?

To prepare:
• Review Chapter 56 of the Arcangelo and Peterson text, as well as the Holloway and Makinen and Huhtaniemi articles in the Learning Resources.
• Review the provided scenario and reflect on whether or not you would support hormone replacement therapy.
• Locate and review additional articles about research on hormone replacement therapy for women and/or men. Consider the strengths and limitations of hormone replacement therapy.
• Based on your research of the strengths and limitations, again reflect on whether or not you would support hormone replacement therapy.
• Consider whether you would prescribe supplemental hormones or recommend alternative treatments to patients with hormone deficiencies.

ASSIGNMENT PAPER
WRITE:
1) A description of the strengths and limitations of hormone replacement therapy.
2). Based on these strengths and limitations, explain why you would or why you would not support hormone replacement therapy.
3). Explain whether you would prescribe supplemental hormones or recommend alternative treatments to patients with hormone deficiencies and why.

Readings/Recommended References (you may choose your own textbook or article for this paper
Arcangelo, V. P., & Peterson, A. M. (Eds.). (2013). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (3rd ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
o Chapter 33, “Prostatic Disorders and Erectile Dysfunction” (pp. 481–495)

This chapter examines the causes, pathophysiology, and drug treatment of four disorders: prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer, and erectile dysfunction. It also explores the importance of monitoring patient response and patient education.
o Chapter 34, “Overactive Bladder” (pp. 496–511)

this chapter describes the causes, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and evaluation of overactive bladder. It also outlines the process of initiating, administering, and managing drug treatment for this disorder.
o Chapter 55, “Contraception” (pp. 874–883)

this chapter examines various methods of contraception and covers drug interactions, selecting the most appropriate agent, and monitoring patient response to contraceptions.
o Chapter 56, “Menopause and Menopausal Hormone Therapy” (pp. 884–895)

this chapter presents various options for menopausal hormone therapy and examines the strengths and limitations of each form of therapy.
o Chapter 57, “Osteoporosis” (pp. 896–903)

this chapter covers various options for treating osteoporosis. It also describes proper dosages, potential adverse reactions, and special considerations of each drug.
o Chapter 58, “Vaginitis” (pp. 904–915)

this chapter examines various causes of vaginitis and explores the diagnostic criteria and methods of treatment for the disorder.
• Holloway, D. (2010). Clinical update on hormone replacement therapy. British Journal of Nursing, 19(8), 496–504.
Retrieved from a Collage Library databases.

This article examines the purpose, components, and administration of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). It also presents benefits, risks, potential side effects, and alternative treatment options of HRT.
• Mäkinen, J. I., & Huhtaniemi, I. (2011). Androgen replacement therapy in late-onset hypogonadism: Current concepts and controversies—A mini-review. Gerontology, 57(3), 193–202.
Retrieved from a Collage Library databases.

This article examines the role of testosterone levels in the development of hypogonadism. It also explores health issues that are impacted by testosterone levels and the role of testosterone replacement therapy.
• Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/

this website presents a comprehensive review of prescription and over-the-counter drugs including information on common uses and potential side effects. It also provides updates relating to new drugs on the market, support from health professionals, and a drug-drug interactions checker.
• U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (2012). Recommendations for adults. Retrieved from http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/adultrec.htm

this website lists various preventive services available for men and women and provides information about available screenings, tests, preventive medication, and counseling.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Hormone Replacement Therapy    

Introduction

In their line of their duty, advanced practice nurse (APN) are confronted with issue of dispensing supplemental hormones to patients in hormone replacement therapy (HRT). However, administration of supplemental hormones requires the APN to weigh the strengths and weaknesses of the prescribed medication. Therefore, the following discussion will engage in reviewing some of these strengths and weaknesses of HRT. In addition, the paper will indulge to discuss why APN should not support HRT based on the strength and weaknesses of the practice. The paper will conclude by illustrating some of the alternative treatment to HRT for treating patients with hormone deficiencies.

Discussion

APNs use HRT to treat women who are going through menopause and those who had already gone through menopause (post-menopausal).HRT is commended by boosting the quality of life post-menopause and it relieves much of the varied unbearable menopausal symptoms. It also rejuvenates well-being of a woman by shielding her from feeling blue always. Estrogen used in HRT is significantly proved to enhanced short-term memory. Mäkinen & Huhtaniemi (2011) have concluded that there is distinct difference in short-term memory between women who had active ovaries or were on postmenopausal, as compared to menopausal women without HRT or ovaries (Arcangelo & Peterson, 2013). Most importantly, HRT is presumably best bet against osteoporosis. This is because estrogen amplifies bone mass by catalyzing the activities of the functions of osteoclasts (a cell that eat old bone so that new bone can start to form). Finally, HRT is commended for its importance in reducing CVDs (cardiovascular diseases). This is brought in by the fact that estrogen enables lipid metabolism that plays a crucial role in preventing CVDs to affect the health status of a women-undergoing menopause.

However, limitations of HRT enter in the realm of the practice of HRT to challenge its strengths. One of these limitations is that it accelerates the risk of endometrial cancer, mostly when estrogen is dispensed without any progestin or progesterone (Arcangelo & Peterson, 2013). Another limitation is that HRT increases the risk of blood clots, stroke, heart attack, ovarian cancer if taken together with progestin and oral estrogen (Mäkinen & Huhtaniemi, 2011). More to worry about is that women undergoing HRT may experience pain in their breasts, and to some extent may suffer bloating and fluid retention, nausea, depression, and other mood swings. Finally, women who take progestin and estrogen in cycles may experience monthly vaginal bleeding, or spotting when taken on daily purposes.

From the above analysis of strengths and weaknesses of HRT, APN should not support HRT. This is because its disadvantages are such serious as compared to its benefits. This is because repercussions from the treatment are adverse and may include breast cancer, ovarian cancer, stroke, blood pressure. This is incomparable to its benefits that include outliving hot flashes and night sweats as well as easing vaginal symptoms of menopause such as dryness, itching, burning and discomfort with intercourse. According to (Mäkinen & Huhtaniemi (2011), limitations will always arise whether estrogen is dispensed together with progestin and progesterone or not.

Considering the adverse effects of HRT, APN should prescribe alternatives to HRT for women with hormone deficiencies. These alternative treatments comprises of herbal medicine, nutrition, homeopathy, exercise and other modalities (Drugs.com, 2012). The reason why APN should recommend this alternatives to HRT rather that hormones supplements is because they offer a great help to alleviate most of the symptoms of menopause and guide a woman to health. In addition, this approach will assist women to accept changes that occur naturally in the menopause.

Conclusion

In summary, HRT is associated with strength and weaknesses. These aspects help APN to decide whether to dispense supplemental hormones to a woman. However, if the limitations outweigh the strengths, APN will result to use other alternative medications. Alternative treatment to HRT is to enable woman to accept the natural and physiological changes occurring in their body, rather than resulting to look for supplemental hormones.

References

Arcangelo, V. P., & Peterson, A. M. (Eds.). (2013).Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced     practice: A practical approach (3rd ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Drugs.com. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/

Mäkinen, J. I., & Huhtaniemi, I. (2011). Androgen replacement therapy in late-onset         hypogonadism: Current concepts and controversies—A mini-review. Gerontology, 57(3), 193–202.

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Relationship between Natural World and Humanity

Relationship between Natural World and Humanity
Relationship between Natural World and Humanity

Relationship between Natural World and Humanity

Order Instructions:

How does the relationship between the natural world and humanity in The
Dream of the Rood relate to that envisioned in The Wanderer?

Your essay should consist of an original, complete, well-presented and well supported argument. Focus your thesis according to what you find after studying the texts. You will not be able to say everything related to the topic in so few words, so narrow your focus. Isolate the most interesting aspect of what you discover and make a strong case for it. Ensure that your argument lets you consider not just content but form. That is, you must consider how the texts structure the representation of the content. Remember that, in every case, these texts are in translation, so the exact choices of words and their order (diction and syntax) are not those of the originals; shape your claims accordingly.

Cite specific examples from the texts to support your arguments. Quote sparingly, as necessary; however, most of the essay should consist of your own analysis of textual detail, rather than the words of either secondary or primary sources.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Relationship between Natural World and Humanity

Poems are one of the ways that poets get to pass across their messages to the members of the public. Poems express feelings, opinions and help people to understand their environment.  Some of the poems even though their authors are not traceable, they remain relevant because of their strong messages they pass across on different aspects that pertains life. The author investigates on how relationship between the natural world and humanity relates between these two poems; Dream of Rood and the Wanderer.

In the Dream of Rood, the narrator is having a dream and his first encounter with the cross, the dreamer sees the cross with gem Cook. The cross even though is stained with blood; it is celebrated together with Jesus Christ who was crucified on it. The cross has become victor, hence, a source of celebration today for the fact that it helped or contributed in securing eternal life for the sinners

On the other hand, The wanderer is also based on religious aspects. Even though, life has many challenges, faith in God seems to be essential. The journey of salvation requires courage to embrace Christian values to be able to seek the meaning beyond transitionary and temporary meaning of earthly values. There is therefore a close relationship between the natural world and humanity in these two poems. What is envisioned in the wonderer is clearly manifested in the Dream of the rood poem. Nature or natural world has its own forces that people cannot control. Humanity is on the other hand based on the attributes or behaviors expected of human beings to manifest. Human beings in their nature, are required to be loving, social animal and expected to have feelings to one another. This therefore makes human being to be respectful, have mercy, companion and as well face challenges in life that requires them to persevere and to improvise measures of overcoming them.

In the Dream of Road, human beings are expected to suffer and to struggle for them to achieve their goals. They need to suffer to achieve victory. Crucifixion in the poem is illustrated by the suffering of both Christ and cross. From these suffering they managed to undergo a transformation from defeat to victor. The cross and Christ had to persevere the piercing but at the end they managed to succeed. Humanity has no mercies as the tree is cut from the forest and it is as well subjected to torture, mocking and nails. Christ as well undergoes this torture in hand of the human beings.

This is an indication of lost humanity among the human race. However, all these tribulation and anguish results into positivity.  The resurrection of the cross and Christ is something that is beyond human comprehension. The cross resurrects and is covered in gold and silver overcoming nature. The tree is now honored amidst all other trees. Hope in eternal life is renewed and the dreamer is renewed and seek to find this glorious Rood. Therefore, this poem shows that indeed, human beings may lack humanity in them through their actions, but they are under certain powerful forces that they cannot be in a position to understand.  Seeking the presence of God is the only source of people happiness

These themes in the dream of Rood are as well exemplified in the Wonderer. The wonderer exemplifies various themes of nature of humanity and the quest and hope, for God. Wonderer or this lone dweller even though is condemned to travel on his own in the ice-cold sea, he still hopes for the God mercy.  He says that he is an ‘earth-stepper’.

This lone dweller recounts sufferings that he faced such as slaughter of his relatives, and this, made him not to talk to anyone. Human kind  have lost their humanity as they subject  others  to sufferings just as is in the case of the Dream of the Rood where a tree is cut and is crucified together with Christ.

People must be able to look into their minds and thoughts before engaging in anything they do.  Even with these sufferings, people are required to remain optimistic. The killing of his lord even though hurting, it did not have to make him obsolete, but he needs to look for someone to hang on and to give him treasures.

Life is something that keeps on changing. People go through different life experiences that make them to undergo mixed feelings and experience different emotions (Cook 127). Sometimes, one is exalted and happy but sometimes this experience can turn into despair. The earth stepper cannot believe how the people and the situations have changed into despair. Procrastination and flashbacks hurts him more when he remembers the good, life and encounters in the past with his boss.

Even with these challenges, wisdom is important and which manifests itself in the old age. As the earth, stepper alludes. A wise man is expected to have certain attributes such as emotionally stable, patient, and always be careful on whatever words they utter.  Worrier should not be foolish, weak and cowardly.  Therefore, they must respond appropriately when making certain decisions. These are the attributes that the poet exemplifies and attributes to humanity.   Human beings have changing feelings and moods depending on their situations and age.

Natural world is also exemplified in the poem as the poet attributes all powers and glory to the supernatural being who is God. The warriors, the wise men, and every kind of humanity are under the authority of God. God has the power to destroy everything on earth. Before God, everything is worthless. All things even making even with their pleasures, and sufferings they will all pass away into nothing less as though they have never happened or existed.

Therefore, these two poems resonate and are similar in many ways. They all portray humanity in similar ways. In the Dream of the Rood, man is viewed as cruel, tortured, having no mercies. Similarly, in the wonderer, it is still man that kills and slaughters others without mercy. However, in all situations, the powers of God -natural world superseded. The resurrections of both the cross and Christ is explained by the natural world and is beyond human control. The actions and the behaviors of people depend on the situations and the experiences. These behaviors and actions also keep on changing but it is only by more having faith that people will be able to overcome.

The two poems also make it clear that, it is only through seeking the favor and comfort from God that humanity stability rest. After going through all sorts of suffering and torture, there is always a victor at the end.  It however will require perseverance and endurance for people to emerge as victors. The Dream of Rood poem depicts how the cross and Christ emerged victor   regardless of subjected to gem and dirty. They came out as gold and silver that all people admired and sought. Similarly, in the Wonderer, this man after  being subjected to different life situations, he acknowledges the superiority and power of the  Almighty who is to be atoned and  in Him sort refugee in.

Wonderers assert clearly that earthly glory degenerates, as salvation through faith in God will always stand.  In God,” in whom all stability dwells” meaning that heavenly values supersedes earthly value (Klinck 27). Human beings even though get attached to the earthly things and situations, they are as well required to be subjected and be guided by the heavenly values.

In conclusion, the two poems, the Dream of the Rood and the Wonderer, exemplify on the themes of natural world and humanity in similar ways.  Humanity is portrayed to change and to transform depending on various situations. Human beings have emotions, feelings and moods that keep on changing. Sometimes they are happy, sometimes in anguish, selfish and merciless obedience among other. Humans crucified Christ on the cross in the Dream of the hood and are still humanity that showed no companion and mercy upon fellow colleagues through their killings. However, above all this tribulation, the source of hope and inspiration is to trust in the Almighty. Believing in supernatural being, is a source of comfort and a source of refugee.   Therefore, natural world in the poem is portrayed as the victor, source of hope and beyond the imaginations of human kind. While humanity in these two poems is based on the feelings, emotions and situations that people find themselves in. The world is not trusted and more precedence seems to be on spirituality and religious than humanity.

Works cited

Cook, Albert. The Dream of the Rood: An Old English Poem Attributed to Cynewulf. Oxford:       Clarendon Press, (2007). Print.

Klinck, Anne. The Old English Elegies: A Critical Edition and Genre Study (2001). Print.

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Domestic terrorism based on Kaplan

Domestic terrorism based on Kaplan, J. (2008). Terrorism fifth wave
Domestic terrorism based on Kaplan, J. (2008). Terrorism fifth wave

Domestic terrorism based on Kaplan, J. (2008). Terrorism fifth wave

Order Instructions:

Number 1 discussion is based on: Kaplan, J. (2008). Terrorism fifth wave: A theory, a conundrum, and a dilemma. Perspectives on Terrorism, 2(2). Retrieved from: http://www.terrorismanalysts.com/pt/index.php/pot/article/view/26/html

1. Read pages 1-4: Four-Wave Theory and Characteristics of Fifth Wave Groups. Comment on the establishment of a typical domestic break-away group and give an example of an actual terrorist group in the United States.

2. Does extremism equal terrorism? Are the tactics and behaviors of domestic extremists Constitutionally protected or criminal acts?

Discuss, remembering to cite your sources.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Q1.

According to the Four Waves Theory postulated by Prof. David Rapport, the establishment of a typical domestic breakaway group is not clearly accounted for, since the above ideology merely explains the philosophies connected to international terrorism. Critically, the theory is limited in scope to espouse the occurrence of such groups, but the author of the article, Kaplan, provides a guiding thought that these breakaway domestic groups could be a completely new stem of terrorist amalgams, that adopt new orientations, objectives, and focus (Kaplan, 2008). As opposed to championing an international agenda, these small groups break away from the main group or initial focus, and adopt a more centralized objective that targets local entities. Kaplan describes this as the Fifth Wave of Modern Terrorism (Kaplan, 2008). An actual domestic terrorist group in the US is the Abdullah Azzam Brigades, which was initially affiliated to al Qaeda, but has since adopted a more localized focus in the US., as well as other countries.

Q2.

Basing my argument on the tactics of extremist groups, I would strongly posit that extremism equals terrorism, since the actions advanced by these groups are almost similar. While the foundations of the extremist and terrorist groups might despair, the means used by the two groups to achieve their objectives are the same. Basically, a terrorist act is that which is leveled against the innocent, destroys lives and property en masse, and its consequences are not commensurate to the ideology being advanced (Levin, 2006). From this definition, it is clear that even extremism goes to the same height to further a predetermined course. This qualifies it as outright terrorism, regardless of the nature of the course being championed.

References

Levin, J. (2006). Domestic terrorism. New York: Chelsea House.

Kaplan, J. (2008). Terrorism fifth wave: A theory, a conundrum, and a dilemma. Perspectives on Terrorism, 2(2). Retrieved from: http://www.terrorismanalysts.com/pt/index.php/pot/article/view/26/html

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The American inequality system Assignment

The American inequality system
The American inequality system

The American inequality system

Order Instructions:

I need to post this to my discussion board . The file name “Discussion:…” contains the instructions to do this work. The other files are reference material needed.

Thank you.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Abstract

The American inequality system stems from its inability to control the Wall Street financial system whose basis is founded on democratic principles that have been hijacked by the holders of the top government agencies that have been charged with the responsibility of creating and implementing policies that are fair to all citizens of the America. The top executives of multinational companies that control the economy of the US and their liaison offices have made Washington their second home in an effort to be close to the center of American political power. Policies and laws that are against the interest of these companies are quietly lobbied and done away with even before they reach the glare of the public.

The American social system and the equality structures have been greatly undermined by the following three setbacks;

  • Massive concentration of income or financial earnings at the top or highest end of economic ladder
  • Government policies centered on winner-take-it all
  • No attention on long term transformation of these policies that lies behind the American political offices.

These weaknesses are partly interrelated as they stem from political offices that have the powers to control their influences through proper and effective implementation of legislation that may make it illegal for some corporations to engage in lobbying for enactment of bills that border on open discrimination against some sections of the population. There is a direct relationship between the sudden rises of inequality and the American politics.

The American public administration has attempted to address the core values and social equity in public administration but the irony is that over the years the American system has grown less equal practically in all aspects of social life, economically and even politically. The gap between the have and have-nots is steadily increasing. Henri Fayol’s principles of equity in employment seem not to be working for the American people. The concepts of social equity are based on justice, equality and fairness in public administration.

The government needs to ensure that there is moral leadership in public administration where social equity is a must in all its undertakings where social justice is proactively implemented and the laws are administered in a fair manner. The task force on the American inequality that was conducted by the American Political Science Association concluded that;

  • Disparities in income distribution, access to opportunities and wealth is growing more sharply in America than in any other country globally.
  • The progress made on the ideals of American democracy may be stalling and in some areas even reversed.
  • The interests of the better-off are conveyed to the government with consistency, clarity and also forcefully. On the contrary the interests of the majority of Americans who are lower or moderate income earners pass without any notice.
  1. The Enron scandal brought to the limelight the greed of the American system where even the professionals were not spared. The dissolution and the subsequent arrests of the directors of the Arthur Andersen audit and accounting consultants and the prosecution of the managers of Enron Corporation was a win against the inequality of the American system. The losses were colossal and it was a big loss to the American people. (Porretto, 2007)

The directors of Enron paid themselves billions of dollars without regard to the American tax payers while under the supervision of Arthur Andersen who mandated to safeguard the tax payers funds. It was a case of a social injustice as well as the perpetration of inequality in the American system of administration.

  1. Job applications to certain private firm’s may be a waste of time because of different reasons. But when I succeeded in getting an interview with a private auditing company in New York I was excited. The interview never took place as i was classified as mistaken identity the moment I turned up at the reception. The only reason I was given was that I was not the one they expected despite my evident admirable records and testimonials. The reason that could justify my unsuccessful interview was probably not related to my qualification or capability to handle the job but maybe other factors may have contributed like race or nationality.

The American government has attempted to address the core values in public and private companies that deal with segregation and diversity as well implemented the American civil act of 1964 that outlaws any forms of discrimination but it has to do more to educate the public on the dangers of discrimination and its effects on future generations.

I have chosen this strategy as it’s democratic and peaceful. Its effect if implemented may increase social cohesion and promote the growth of natural justice in America.

References

Porretto, J. (2007). “Ex-Enron broadband head sentenced”. USA Today. Archived from the original on 2010-10-17. Retrieved 2010-10-17.

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Business assessment Paper two Assign

Business assessment
Business assessment

Business assessment Paper two

Order Instructions:

Diploma of Business
BSB50207

ASSESSMENT TWO

Instructions to students:

Each assessment question requires a written answer of at least 100 words.

Use your study materials and personal research to answer these questions.
Don’t copy, or cut and paste

Please remember to place your name at the top or bottom of your document and email to business@academique.com.au or print and hand in at Reception.

ASSESSMENT TWO

Part A

You will need to refer to your business plan to complete part A of this assessment.

Prepare a minimum (2 page) report to the Managing Director of Global Star. Your report should communicate the viability of making changes to current business operations.

Please include the following points (minimum 1 paragraph) per point in your report as follows:

  • Outline at least three new marketing ideas and opportunities as a result of your research
  • Link these new marketing ideas to the goals and future objectives of the organisation
  • Evaluate each opportunity and outline the impact to the current business
  • Include financials and feasibility information to include a probable return on investment
  • Suggest recommended operational changes to the current business model
  •  Estimate the resources and costs associated with these operational changes
  • Include all relevant forms of Legislative considerations when making operational changes (e.g. privacy laws, anti-discrimination, ethical principles etc.)

Your report should be written in a way which is culturally appropriate and relates to people from diverse backgrounds and abilities.

Part B

Research and interpret a current marketing plan (template).  www.business.gov.au or other website searches will assist you in the following task. Please ensure you outline and list all the key elements (content) required when creating a sustainable marking plan for a business.

Not only are you required to provide a list of content but also provide a brief description against each key point.

For example:  Marketing Objectives defines what you want to accomplish through your marketing activities.

GOOD LUCK!!!

SAMPLE ANSWER

Part A

Question 1:

The three new marketing ideas and opportunities that would create a great commercial opportunity to Global star are: first, what need to fill or what problem to solve that will create a value proposition to the company. Second is the idea of how to make money which provides an opportunity of the revenue model. Third is the idea of how the market will either grow or shrink. This is the market growth. It should create an opportunity for the increase in demand of the products or services of the business over time (Hyman & Sierra, 2010).

Question 2:

If Global Star should consider the value proposition, they will be able to achieve their goals on the manufacturing since they will be able to use the best-in-class door and window in manufacturing techniques that will maximize the quality of all their products. Identification of the revenue model will help to attract even more people and keep innovative customer-focused employees who will in return reward the company’s performance fairly and equitably. If the market growth factor is considered, the company will be able to achieve its operations goal in achieving the best in class warehousing, ordering and the distribution practices.

Question 3:

Value proposition applies to an entire organization. It is based on a review and the analysis of benefits, costs and value that the organization can deliver to its customers both new and prospective. Its impact to Global Star is that it positions value. That is, Value is said to be equal to benefits minus costs where costs include the economic risk like investing in common stock. The revenue model allows the entire business to be structured around the around it. It does not allow any decision to have more potential to break the business. Its impact to global Star is that it impacts the marketing and the sales efforts and it also affects the product and the service design on the company. The market growth can at times be slow more especially if the consumers do not adopt to a high demand if the consumers find their product or service important for the price level. It is however important to Global Star if it has to grow and prosper. Its success will generate increased incomes, which would encourage further economic growth.

Question 4:

To include a probable return on investments, Global star is required to know its goals, by which to measure the success of the finances, know a good and reliable range for demand, know the cash needs to start up a business and know the operating expenses. Just by looking at the business from its financial perspective, it is possible to predict with reasonable accuracy whether or not the business is feasible. It is necessary to assess the business goals, the skills, resources, experience, knowledge and barriers among others. On the financials, the startup capital needs are analyzed, the Pro Forma balance Sheet and the income statement, the operating revenue projections and expenses, the working capital and the future cash flow need.

Question 5:

The recommended operational changes are on the technological changes, which are often introduced as the components of larger strategic changes although they at times take place specifically on their own. This is an important aspect because it will help in the determination of who within the company will be threatened by the change. This should be incorporated within the company’s overall system and at the same time, a management structure is created to support it. Another operational change includes the people changes, which involve the change of workers considering their attitudes and behaviors so as to increase their effectiveness. This is the most difficult though the most important part of the change process.

Question 6:

There are four major costs for the change management in organizations (Cameron & Green, 2009). First, is the dedicated resource on a project team. The project manager takes on the responsibility for a small change to a change ready group. Second is the procurement of methodology and tools. These are the tools that are available to be used by the change management resources. Third is the purchase of the source materials necessary for change. These materials are used by managers and supervisors in their exercises in coaching during the change process. Last is the training time and costs necessary during training. This applies to everyone involved in the company. This involves the managers and the supervisors as the trainers for change, the senior leaders as sponsors, the change management resources and the project teams.

Question 7:

When making changes, the privacy laws provide better protection to individuals with regard to how the personally information may have been collected. The operational changes include the privacy principles and apply to small businesses with a turnover of $3 million or less and also to those with an annual turnover of $3million or more. On the other hand, the state laws require that organizations should form a workplace that is free from anti-discrimination. It is important for employers to understand their rights and responsibilities under the human rights and the antidiscrimination law. By putting all these in place in your business, then you are assured of an improved productivity and increased efficiency (Cameron & Green, 2009).

Part B: Marketing plan

One of the most important areas of the small business owners is the development of a marketing plan. Though being the most important, most businesses overlook it. An effective marketing plan acts as a reference document that helps in the execution of the marketing strategy. It also helps to develop a methodical approach for creating products and services that would satisfy the customer’s needs (Marketing plan template, 2013).

Market planning should be an ongoing business activity. As there exists change in the market conditions and the business, you will need to revisit many of the ideas and strategies that are outlined in the marketing plan. Referring to the plan ensures that the business keeps heading in the right direction.

Key Elements Required When Creating a Sustainable Marketing Plan for a Business

First, there should be a background analysis for the business. The business opportunities and the challenges should be detailed. This helps to define the business capabilities. Second is the future analysis of the business where the vision statement and the marketing objectives are stated. This defines exactly what you would want your marketing plan to accomplish in the future. Third is the analysis of the market where the business states its target market, marketing strategy and the marketing mix. The target market explains who the business will be selling its products to. The marketing strategy details how you will bring your products and services to the market in a customer satisfaction way. The marketing mix is the elements that make up the marketing strategy. Fourth is the financial analysis of the business where the action plans and budgets bring the strategies and the marketing goals to life.

References

Cameron, E., & Green, M. (2009). Making Sense of Change Management : A Complete Guide to the Models, Tools & Techniques of Organizational Change. London: Kogan Page.

Hyman, M. R., & Sierra, J. J. (2010). Marketing Research Kit for Dummies. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.

Marketing Plan Template: Exactly What to Include. (2013). Promotional Marketing, 3.

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Business assessment paper; Question and answer

Business assessment paper
Business assessment paper

Business assessment paper; Question and answer

Order Instructions:

ASSESSMENT ONE

Instructions to students:

Each assessment question requires a written answer of at least 100 words.

Use your study materials and personal research to answer these questions.
Do not copy, or cut and paste

Please remember to place your name at the top or bottom of your document and email to business@academique.com.au or print and hand in at Reception.

ASSESSMENT ONE

1. Write a definition and give one example for each of the following:

  • Profitability
  • Public sector marketing
  • Telemarketing
  • Knockout factors
  • Return on investment
  • Weighted criteria

2. Research and analyse the attached Business Plan on Global Star to determine their future marketing needs and opportunities.  Provide a brief outline of at least 3 marketing opportunities you can see as a result of your research.

3. Outline and rank in order of priority the 3 marketing opportunities in terms of their overall contribution to the businesses bottom line.

4. Using the same business plan determine 2 potential new market opportunities for the business and provide a brief outline of these prospects.

5. Consider some innovative and creative marketing ideas that you could develop into potential marketing opportunities.

6. Identify and research the goals and objectives of the organization as listed in the business plan. How do the marketing opportunities link to organizational goals and capabilities?

7. Evaluate 3 marketing opportunities and discuss how these impact the business and its customer base in general.

8. Outline the financial viability of each marketing opportunity.  (A SWOT analysis may assist you to identify the financial feasibility of each opportunity – this is not compulsory).

9. Provide a brief summary on the probable return on investment and potential competitors for each marketing opportunity.

10. List at least 3 operational changes you would need to make to ensure viability of these new marketing opportunities. How would you ensure quality of service to the existing customer base?

11. Provide a brief summary of the estimated resources required to support the operational changes.
SAMPLE ANSWER

Business assessment paper

Profitability:  This is the primary goal of any organization’s operations.  It is a measure that is used to determine how an organization is able to balance between its incomes and expenses.  When an organization sells products it generates an income.  For the sold product to be produced, the organization incurs costs.  The difference between the two shows the profitability.

Public sector marketing:  This is seeks to recommend and express solutions that address the relationships and exchanges that occur between government organizations, groups of individuals, organizations, communities and individuals, with respect to performance of and request for public-oriented  tasks and services.

Telemarketing:  This is a form of marketing where the proponents use the telephone to solicit for prospective buyers to purchase the products or services on offer.  It is the most interactive marketing medium of all available.  Its interactive nature allows the telemarketer to address concerns raised by prospects, answer their questions and overcome their objectives

Knockout factors: These are exceptional qualities that vigorously contribute to an achievement.  They could also be items of selection criteria use in performing comparative analysis and eliminate certain options and other considerations.

Return on investment: This could be defined as the benefit of an investment when viewed against the cost on investment.  It is determined when the net profit is divided by net worth.  The resultant figure shows the performance of the business.

Weighted criteria: This seeks to assign a weight – measure of importance, to a particular component or factor, which shows the value attached to it.  A weighted criterion allows for evaluation of alternatives and determination of the most appropriate given the specific need to be added.
2. Research and analyse the attached Business Plan on Global Star to determine their future marketing needs and opportunities.  Provide a brief outline of at least 3 marketing opportunities you can see as a result of your research.

Global Star Enterprise (GSE) needs to expand its operations  beyond the Australian borders, expand the product portfolio, value add on present products and offer services that add value to their products – installation of doors sold by GSE.  GSE could expand into South East Asia, develop products that complement the current product line, offer services that complement current product portfolio and increase market share by more outlets in Australia (Heng, 2008).
3. Outline and rank in order of priority the 3 marketing opportunities in terms of their overall contribution to the businesses bottom line. 

The most important marketing opportunity lies across the border in South East Asia.  The market for GSE products and services is huge and growing.  Despite the additional costs of actualizing this strategy, it should contribute positively and significantly to the bottom line once the market is established.  There also exists marketing opportunities within the already existing markets by offering services not previously on offer – installation.  Finally, GSE could expand internally by opening more outlets and showrooms across the country.
4. Using the same business plan determine 2 potential new market opportunities for the business and provide a brief outline of these prospects.

South East Asia offers the best prospect of success among the potential market opportunities that exist.  The South East Asia should not be a hard market to penetrate and serve given the proximity to Australia.  Another potential market opportunity lies in new territories within Australia boundaries.  GSE has not been able to cover the whole country.  Opening new showrooms and outlets will allow GSE bring the products closest to the consumers (Covello, & Hazelgren, 2006).

  1. Consider some innovative and creative marketing ideas that you could develop into potential marketing opportunities. 

GSE could consider offering installation services with every purchase of its products, as a way of introducing its installation services to consumers.  GSE could also consider following up on all customers who have come through its doors and ask for a recommendation.  GSE could also map out all the construction sites and visit them aggressively seeking new business for its new and existing product line.
6. Identify and research the goals and objectives of the organization as listed in the business plan. How do the marketing opportunities link to organizational goals and capabilities?

It is GSE’s goal to expand its market.  It has the capacity to meet the additional product requirement in the new markets.  It also offers the marketing team new territories where to seek new markets.  It is also the goal of GSE to diversify its product portfolio.  To this end, GSE is looking to start producing Awnings in addition to offering additional services – installations services.  This helps GSE diversify its income streams – cushioning the business from traditional business shocks and ensure the business is able to maintain its growth trajectory (Zaharuddin, 2008).
7. Evaluate 3 marketing opportunities and discuss how these impact the business and its customer base in general.

Expansion to South East Asia offers a whole new market for GSE products.  The successful entry into the South East Asian market will double if not triple the customer base.  Secondly, expansion within Australia via opening of new showrooms and outlets will see GSE expand its footprint to more regions in Australia.  This should considerably increase the customer base.

Thirdly, the introduction of new products will bring into GSE customer base a new demographic group previously not part of its base.  This new group will also include previous customers who did seek complementary services from other vendors given GSE was not offering (Zaharuddin, 2008).
8. Outline the financial viability of each marketing opportunity.  (A SWOT analysis may assist you to identify the financial feasibility of each opportunity – this is not compulsory).  

The south East Asia will offer GSE a dynamic and rapidly expanding market that should profitable to service.  Though the servicing the South East Asia market will require developing logistics capabilities, it offers GSE opportunity to enter a new market and offer new product lines.  However, the threat of cheap knock-offs competing unfairly in this market.

The development of the Awnings will allow GSE to exploit the excess capacity already existing to maximize returns.  Though this is a new product – not previously produced by GSE, it has the potential of opening new markets segments.  This however could result in GSE stretching itself such that the quality associated with its current product portfolio getting compromised.

Finally, offering value addition services – installation, GSE will rely on its developed reputation for developing quality product and established sales channels to push the new service.  This is at the risk of consumers deciding that they like the separation of services as things were.   Despite this weakness, the service will allow GSE to be a player in market segments that were previously not addressed while making a strong case against the external and independent contractors GSE used to do the installation (Covello, & Hazelgren, 2006).
9. Provide a brief summary on the probable return on investment and potential competitors for each marketing opportunity.

The expansion into South East Asia could result in significantly raise GSE product output while opening new feedback channels.  GSE must however be aware of potential completion from cheap knock-offs from Asia and already existing companies.

The introduction and addition of Awnings into GSE product portfolio opening up a new income stream for the company.  Despite the potential of competition from organizations already producing the products, given GSE does not invest in new infrastructure to product the product means the cost will be low, allowing it a competing chance (Heng, 2008).

  1. List at least 3 operational changes you would need to make to ensure viability of these new marketing opportunities. How would you ensure quality of service to the existing customer base?

To meet the requirement of the South East Asian market, the production shifts could increase – especially when the market has been conquered.  With the production of the Awnings, GSE will have to train employees to produce them.  The introduction of the installation services, GSE will need employee who can perform the installation.

  1. Provide a brief summary of the estimated resources required to support the operational changes.  

GSE will need to invest in training of personnel to undertake the new services, and to inform about the existing product and service lines.  There will be a need for sales people to be hired in South East Asia to drive the sales in the new market.  GSE will also need to train its existing staff on production of Awnings and offer installation service

References

Covello, J. A & Hazelgren, B. J (2006)  Complete Book of Business Plans: Simple Steps to Writing Powerful Business Plans, Sourcebooks, Inc, Naperville, IL.

Heng, G. M (2008)  Conducting Your Impact Analysis for Business Continuity Planning, 2nd Ed, Tampines Central, Singapore.

Zaharuddin, H (2008)  Business Plan Analysis for Steel Fabricators, Dian Anugerah Prakasa, West Java, Indonesia.

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Assistant Human Resources Manager legalities

Assistant Human Resources Manager legalities
Assistant Human Resources Manager                                     legalities

Assistant Human Resources Manager legalities

Order Instructions:

B L Assignment Grade Rubric

Assignment 1: Good Grocers, Inc.
Due Week 6 and worth 150 points
Note: The company mentioned herein is merely a hypothetical organization with characteristics developed to enable students to respond to the assignment. You may create and / or make all necessary assumptions needed for the completion of this assignment.

After Good Grocers, Inc. expanded its organic produce section and adopted a “buy local” policy, sales increased. The Virginia-based chain expanded its retail locations from seven to twelve (7 to 12) over the last three (3) years.
As the Assistant Human Resources Manager, your job is to advise store managers about legal and personnel matters. The leadership at Good Grocers, Inc. considers you to be a legally astute manager, who consults with the corporation’s attorney, as necessary. The corporation’s leadership has tasked you with managing two (2) situations have come across your desk. Please respond with support that is backed by the law.
Write a three to four (3-4) page paper which addresses the two (2) situations from two (2) store managers.

Situation 1
Last week, my produce manager reported the following incident:
As I came out from the bakery, I saw a woman lying on the floor of the produce department. Her husband started yelling at me, saying, “She slipped on a banana peel and fell. My wife is the anchorwoman for NEWSNOW, and we are going to sue you!”
She didn’t look hurt, but I called 911 and filed an incident report that contained the facts of the situation. When viewing the area, I did, in fact, see a banana peel on the floor, but it was still yellow and lying on top of a ribbed rubber mat. The woman in question was wearing five-inch high heels. But I wasn’t sure what to say, other than the woman would be hearing from us.

1. Explain whether this situation is best handled by litigation or by a particular form of alternative dispute resolution.
2. Based on how you would handle this situation, either through litigation or a particular form of alternative dispute resolution, outline the key next steps involved in seeking a resolution. Justify your response.

Situation 2
Last week, my bakery manager was short an employee over Mother’s Day weekend when the bakery is always busy. To make up for being shorthanded, the bakery manager called in Ms. Greene, an independent contractor. Generally, Ms. Greene comes in on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday nights between 6 to 9 p.m. just to decorate cakes; she has her own bakery business. We furnish all of her equipment, and we pay her by the cake.
Ms. Greene worked eight (8) hours on Saturday and another eight (8) hours on Sunday over Mother’s Day weekend. We paid her $15.00 per hour. On the following Monday when Ms. Greene came in, she told me that she wanted to receive the same benefits as the other Good Grocers part-time employees, LEG 100 – Assignments and Rubrics such as paid time off and employee discounts. Ms. Greene asserted that she really is a part-time employee who deserves the usual employee benefits.
3. Determine whether Ms. Greene is an independent contractor or a part-time employee. Provide a rationale for your response.

4. Explain the reasoning supporting whether or not Ms. Greene should receive the same benefits as part-time employees.

Suggested resources for this assignment:
1. Access your Learning Resource Center (LRC) at the top of your iCampus screen. Search by keyword for business articles on arbitration, mediation, or independent contractors. You may also use your LRC to access legal topics and articles through the Lexis Nexis database.
2. At FindLaw, located at http://www.findlaw.com/, you may search by legal topic or enter a keyword(s) into a search box to find relevant information and articles.
3. You may use the following additional resources:
• Internal Revenue Service (IRS): http://www.irs.gov/Businesses/Small-Businesses-&-Self-Employed/Independent-Contractor-Self-Employed-or-Employee
• The Virginia Department of Labor and Industry: http://www.doli.virginia.gov/laborlaw/laborlaw.html

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
• Use at least two (2) quality academic resources in this assignment, such as a government Website, and include internal citations. Note: Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
• Describe the legal environment of business, the sources of American law, and the basis of authority for government to regulate business.
• Explain basic court procedures, types of courts, and alternative dispute resolution methods.
• Use technology and information resources to research issues in business law.
• Write clearly and concisely about business law using proper writing mechanics.

Grading for this assignment will be based on answer quality, logic / organization of the paper, and language and writing skills, using the following rubric. Points: 150 Assignment 1: Good Grocers, Inc.
Criteria Unacceptable
Below 60% F Meets Minimum Expectations
60-69% D Fair
70-79% C Proficient
80-89% B Exemplary
90-100% A
1. Explain whether this situation is best handled by litigation or Did not submit or incompletely explained Insufficiently explained whether this Partially explained whether this Satisfactorily explained whether this Thoroughly explained whether this

SAMPLE ANSWER

Introduction

The produce manager’s description of the scenario witnessed sounds like the aggrieved party is very unhappy with the Grocery’s management and they are blaming the incompetency of the Grocery’s management in handling its operations that resulted to the injury of the complainant.   As a legal adviser to the grocery’s management i would opt for an Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) to try and negotiate a fair and reasonable settlement with the complainant as its obvious that the injury to the complainant occurred as a result of the negligence of the company’s operation staff who should have noted the banana peels on the floor and disposed them to the trash can or to their respective place. It’s immaterial whether they were dumped by another client as the store is vicariously responsible for all injury that occurs within its premises as long as they are within the limits of reasonable duty of care that their clients are owed by the management.

This paper analyzes the pros and cons of litigation, the court based adjudication process and the Alternative Dispute Resolution methods of resolving the incident.

  1. The ADR is one of the methods that the grocer’s management can apply to resolve the dispute. The ADR processes can be distributive or integrative. Distributive ADR processes are win/lose situations where one of the parties to the dispute wins the case while the other loses or alternatively there may be many pieces of the pie where one gets a piece of this or that. It’s mostly referred to in cases of money or property disputes. Integrative ADR is a process which results in a win/win situation. There is no loser or winner in this process as its interest based. It encourages cooperation in most cases. Both parties work out a solution that is beneficial to the parties to the dispute and retains their relationships. (Lynch, 2001)

Litigation is one of the methods of court based adjudication that the grocer’s management can resort to if the ADR fails. Litigation is a legal lawsuit that’s filed by the complainant or one of the parties in a lawsuit and which is decided in a court room before a judge or a jury. Litigation is mostly intimidating and even risky for both litigants as the case can be adversarial as it’s always a battle between the lawyers of the two parties in the dispute and justice is rarely the end result of such cases. Through litigation the plaintiff can obtain money, place restrictive orders or injunctions or even have documents interpreted. The outcome of most litigation is that one party wins while the other loses. Litigation maybe expensive and prohibitive besides one must be prepared to face the crowded courtrooms where even one’s private life can also be revealed to the public. Litigation processes leads to protracted legal battles that may be lengthy and which destroys relationships and fuels hatred. http://www.ciarb.org/dispute-resolution/resolving-a-dispute/litigation/

However the decisions of the courts are binding and enforceable. They can also be appealed. Most of the decisions of the courts are based on legal precedents hence they can be predictable.

Just as much as anyone deserves a right to be heard in a court of law, the advantages and disadvantages of litigation should be considered before right resolution method is adopted. Litigation destroys most relationships while ADR promotes peaceful resolutions and maintains most relationships. (Gianna, 2010)

The position of the grocer’s management would preferably be the ADR method of dispute resolution however the company would be under legal obligation to attend to any method opted or preferred by the complainant.

  1. The process of ADR involves;

Choose a mediator who is acceptable to both parties. He should be a trained and skilled mediator who may be an expert in the subject matter. The mediator should facilitate the discussion and the negotiation on the dispute between the two parties who may be physically present or through their attorneys.

Both parties need to prepare for the mediation which should be voluntary and each should be allowed to propose the venue and time of the ADR. Once both parties have agreed on the venue and time of the ADR then they should be able to share the information on the dispute in the presence of the mediator who should have been given the agenda of the meeting and the issues that are subject of the dispute. The messenger should finally act as the messenger between the parties and later once the dispute is resolved all the parties must receive signed copies of the deal.

  1. Ms. Greene is not a part time employee though she uses the company equipment but she is paid by piece rate i.e. depending on the number of cakes decorated. She consistently works between 6 and 9p.m every Monday, Wednesday and Fridays but she does not depend on the company for her survival. She does not qualify as a part time employee as the nature of her work is not controlled by the employer. She is an independent contractor as she controls the nature of her work. Her case is similar to the facts of the case Antison v FedEx Ground Package System, Inc, December 20, 2010, Cox, R where the drivers of FedEx were declared to be independent contractors as per the test of Right to Control Test and Economic Realty.

But for the purposes of Social Security and Medicare Taxes, Miss Greene may be declared a statutory employee as the equipment she uses are not has and she performs the job herself and which is repetitive. The Social Security and Medicare Taxes should be with held by the employer though she is an independent contractor. (Koch, 2014)

  1. Miss Greene should not receive the benefits as part time employees as she is an independent contractor but her employer should legally withhold her Social Security and Medicare Taxes as she is a statutory employee. The equipment she uses belongs to the employer besides she performs the job herself and it’s also is repetitive as defined by the IRS. The IRS defines her employment as statutory employee and makes the employer liable for any non-payment of Social Security and Medicare Taxes. She does not substantially depend on the income from the company to sustain herself as in the case of Antison v FedEx Ground Package System, Inc, December 20, 2010, Cox, R. The Right to Control Test and Economic Realty test applies and Miss Greene has the total control of her work and her economic status does not entirely depend on the material company in question. (McConville, 2014)

To conclude, the ADR is the most convenient, fair and reasonable method of settling the dispute above. The complainant may prefer the litigation process which is expensive, time consuming and may take a long time before the case is determined. Most people prefer ADR methods of dispute resolutions as most relationships are maintained by the end of the process. Litigation destroys most relationships while ADR promotes peaceful resolutions and maintains most relationships.

Managers should have an in-depth knowledge of employee working conditions and terms of service as defined by the IRS. These would make it easier for them to know when they are supposed to withhold the Social Security and Medicare Taxes when required by law. Also when determining employee benefits and terms of service.

References

Antison v FedEx Ground Package System, Inc, December 20, 2010, Cox, R

Gianna, T. (2010) “Avoid court at all costs” The Australian Financial Review Nov. 14 2008. (April 19, 2010)

http://www.ciarb.org/dispute-resolution/resolving-a-dispute/litigation/

Koch, M. (2014) “The Tax Risks of Misclassifying Employees,” The National Law Review

Lynch, J. (2001) “ADR and Beyond: A Systems Approach to Conflict Management”, Negotiation

 Journal, Volume 17, Number 3, July 2001, Volume, p. 213.

McConville, T. M. (2014). “Don’t Misclassify Workers as Independent Contractors”. The  National Law Review Retrieved 14 June 2

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The US Covert Action Essay Paper Assignment

The US Covert Action
The US Covert Action

The US Covert Action

Order Instructions:

Please use two sources per question

Question 1:
George Kennan authored a policy document—NSC 10/2—that characterized covert action as those activities “so planned and conducted that any U.S. government responsibility for them is not evident to unauthorized persons and that if uncovered the U.S. government can plausibly disclaim any responsibility for them” (Scott and Rosati 2007).

Is this a realistic expectation for any covert action? Meaning, can we really expect the U.S. hand to remain “hidden” even if the action is discovered? If this is not realistic then why continue with the policy of plausible deniability? Or are there measures that can be put in place to make it a continued viable policy?

Question 2:
Compare any two of the cases discussed in the course (except the Bay of Pigs and the Berlin Tunnel). Base your analysis with the questions provided in the “Lecture Notes” for Week 1:

(1) What was the objective of each operation? Was there an overriding policy imperative or were they missions to gain access to the adversary’s information?

(2) What oversight or legal review occurred during their planning?

(3) Who or which organizations were accountable for the operations? What turf issues arose prior to or during the operations?

(4) What resources were necessary to successfully carry them out?

(5) What was the cost/benefit analysis of each operation? Weigh their risks, especially when they are publicly exposed.

(6) In evaluating each operation, what objectives were achieved and what unintended consequences occurred?

For question 2, please use Congo assassination against Partice Lumumba and the Iran-Contra arms embargo in the 1980s whereby the US sold weapons to Iran through the Israelis to fund the Nicaraguan COntras as the two covert operations.

Question 3:

Please review this hypothetical situation and indicate whether covert action is appropriate (b) identify the risks and benefits of a covert action identify legal hurdles and decide whether the President should inform all the relevant Congressional intelligence committees or limit knowledge to the “Gang of Eight.” Take into consideration political ramifications and possible blowback.

Concern has built up over Bashar al-Assad’s hold on power and his actions against the Syrian opposition. Through a variety of sources, the CIA believes it has a reliable asset inside the regime that could either organize a coup or “eliminate” the leader. The President has asked you to give him an honest assessment on the possibilities for both.

SAMPLE ANSWER

The US Covert Action

Question one

On June 18, 1948, a new directive given from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) came up with a new directive, NSC 10/2, which superseded the NSC 4-A. The NSC 2/10 gave directives on a new operation called covert action rather than the mere physiological operations as they were used and defined in the NSC 4-A.  The covert actions were defined as those activities and operations, which were conducted or sponsored by the U.S. Government against hostile foreign states or groups in support of friendly foreign states or groups, but which are so planned and executed that any U.S. government responsibility for them is not evident to unauthorized persons and that if uncovered, the U.S. government can plausibly disclaim any responsibility. It is not possible for any military operation to be carried out without them getting known to the public that it is the U.S. government behind those operations [1].

The design of the communications and flow of directives gives room or gaps for the leakage of the information. First, the directive requires the creation of a new Office of Special Projects during any covert operation. The office shall be run by a Chief Officer who shall be appointed by the joint committees of security, CIA and National Security Council. The officer shall be reporting to the director of CIA who shall also report to the National Security Council. The NSC is responsible for holding meetings and making decisions that are to be followed by the Chief of the office of Special Projects.  These series of communications and decision-making has involved so many people that we cannot trust anybody along the line of communication for keeping the information secret. There are officers who may not be satisfied with such operations and in turn will have to expose the operations to the enemies. There have been so many U.S. army officers who have left operations because they have felt that what the country is doing is not right, and such people have ended up exposing the government [2].

Army operations cannot just be carried out in an imaginary manner, since they are real. The U.S. is one of the world’s strongest countries and its form of attack is unique from the others. This is very evident in the kind of weapons that they use and the way they carry their operations. Therefore, the country cannot support another country in the fight without getting noticed; they shall be notice, the news will be all over the world, and it will be too easy to deny.

Deniability of action is not the best form of defending our country from retaliatory form of attack, but rather installing proper security systems will be very important. Proper measures need to be put in place in order to keep the covert actions very secretive. One of this is to ask the U.S. government never to involve themselves directly in the field as fighters. This will help in hiding the direct identity by the enemies. The possible action that can be taken is to offer financial support to the nations that the U.S. supports so that they can buy the weapons by themselves without giving out its weapons to those nations.

Secondly, whenever the operations are carried out, it is very necessary to remove very length bureaucracies that are unnecessary. The communication line should involve as few people as possible. Long communication lines provide loopholes along the communication through which the information can leak out to the enemies [2]. For instance, the CIA director does not have to report to the NSC for decisions affecting the CIA, let all the decisions be made within CIA. Let the operations be very dependent they should not be monitored with other security agents. The appointment of the Chief of Special Projects let it be done in a very secretive manner and the appointment of the soldiers should be done through thorough scrutiny for the most trustworthy soldiers [2].

Question two

The selling of arms to foreign countries was banned in the early 1980s, but during that time, there were a series of protests in Iran where there were demonstrations carried out against the then president Shah. Shah was one of the closest friends to the United Nations in that time. The demonstrations were so violent and so many U.S. citizens were taken to captivity by the revolutionists. The Nicaraguan rebels also arrested great U.S. government officials and took them captive. This prompted the U.S. to act in order to save the captives. In a bid to save the situation, the then U.S. president Reagan initiated the Boland amendments that prohibited the Defense department, The CIA and any other government agencies, from providing military aid to the contras from December 1983. The Reagan administration circumvented these limitations by using the National Security Council (NSC), which was not so much recognized in the law, to issue arms to the contras [3]. Reagan approved the plan for the sale of weapons to the Iranians. The first missiles were sent from Israel to Iran and after that, American hostage Benjamin was released. In the second plan, they negotiated on the release of Major General Richard. The second load of missiles was released and Major General Richard was released. The funds from the sale of the missiles were diverted to the Nicaraguan Contras through a second enterprise. Reagan authorized the transfer of arms to Iran through the enterprise in order to remove U.S from liability. After that, they took for the third transaction for the release of U.S. citizen who were held hostage. On February 1986, US sent 1000TOWs to Iran but then things did not work out because they were not released. Later, the story got exposed by a Lebanese newspaper and the transaction was stopped after the hostages were released. This destroyed the relationship between the U.S. and Iran [3].

In Congo, there were mixed interests in the mineral rich country. The U.S. was keeping close watch on it, and the Soviet Union too was watching the country closely [4]. The country was colonized by the Belgium by then but in the fight for freedom, Patrice Lumumba became the first prime minister for the Congo Republic. The economic interest in the country by the US saw the country blown down to pieces with a series of fights. Upon taking office, Patrice Lumumba started to fight against the Belgium in an effort to end the European control over the mineral rich country. Lumumba’s government wrote to the UN to help them in the fight but their requests were turned down because the US was interested in the country. Congo turned to Moscow for help who responded by offering military planes that flew the Lumumba’s troops to Katanga province, which was one of the country’s richest province that was totally controlled by the Belgium troops [4]. The US sent in the CIA for a covert operation to end the Lumumba regime. The CIA had to meddle into the Congolese politics to influence the politics so that they can achieve their aims. It was one of the most expensive covert actions with a series of unsuccessful attempts of murdering Lumumba. However, it was one of the very successful covert actions in which the US never engaged in direct attacks with the Soviets and China military. The CIA in coordination with the Belgian intelligence subsidized two opposition senators to pass a vote of no confidence with the government of Lumumba. After the passing of the vote of no confidence then they were to nominate one of the senators as the new prime minister. They also funded the demonstrations, labor movements and propaganda against Lumumba. The move by the CIA faced a lot of drawbacks and at last, the CIA found Mobutu who they used to turn against Lumumba [5]. Mobutu took over and Lumumba was arrested and provided protection under the UN troops. Later on, he was shot dead at Katanga. In terms of cost benefit analysis, this covert operation was very expensive unnecessarily. The government spent a lot of money in the attacks against the Lumumba government. At last, they achieved the objective of dominating the Congo politics and influencing the mineral rich country.

Question three

The covert actions do not demonstrate the elements of respect to democracy and human rights [6]. The covet actions especially after the cold war are signs of lack of democratic growth in the way the US government intervenes in the operation of security in other countries. The covert actions have led to demonstrations in which friends and relatives have lost their loved ones. The covert actions have been conducted through the funding of the opposition leaders of the countries in question so that they can rally against the government of the day. A democratically elected government is removed from power in a democratic manner, which is the rule of democracy. The use of money and power to influence the actions of other nations around the world are actions of the late centuries, which were very beneficial during the time of the cold war and the world war. In this era, these methods are cannot be tolerated in US which is believed to be one of the worlds democratic countries [6].

The use of the covert action has led to the loss of several US soldiers in the name of keeping the interests of the country in other countries. This has brought a lot of discomfort in the security of the nation in the fear of retaliatory attacks from the enemies. There have been several measures that have been put in place in order to ensure that the country is safe, some of these methodologies have caused a lot of discomfort to the citizens of the nation. In fact, the covert actions have seen the US making a lot of enemies instead of friends a trend which is totally unacceptable in the global world [7].

Another disadvantage of the covert action is the amount of resources, both financial and weapons, that are utilized in the conduct of the covert actions. These resources should be utilized in running other beneficial projects that can help improve the life of the Americans.

In essence, the only benefit that the US gains in all these covert actions is the respect as a supper powerful country of the world. They have continually gained control and maintained their selfish interests in the countries where these actions have been carried out. The country has benefitted so much in terms of trade but this trade is only exploitative to those countries. This has seen the economy of the US kept on top if the world map but from unfair and exploitative means of controlling governments for their benefits [7].

In the case of the Bashar al-Assad’s hold on power and his actions against the Syrian opposition, the US government should come in a friendly party interested in ending the situation under question. The president should seek more democratic and official means of ending conflicts in a country. These can involve mediations and negotiations to be carried out. The two opposing parties should be able to come to the agreement and live a peaceful life together. The president should organize for a convoy that will reunite the Syrian government in a democratic manner without causing any side effects. This will ensure respect to democracy and human rights. This is the best way for the US president to intervene; humanity and peace for the Syrians should prevail against economic interests of the US.

Reference

[1] U.S. State Department, Foreign Relations, 1964-1968, Volume V, Vietnam 1967: Note on U.S. Covert Actions. Retrieved from  http://cryptome.org/ic-black4701.htm

[2] Corke, S. 2006. George Kennan and the Inauguration of Political Warfare. Journal of  Conflict Studies. vol 26, No 1 (2006): Dalhousie University

[3] Isenberg, D. (1989). The Pitfalls of U.S. Covert Operations. Policy Analysis for Iranian case. Retrieved from www.cato.org on 26th October, 2014.

[4] Slattery, L. (2001). The Congo: How and why the West organized Lumumba’s assassination.

Review of two BBC documentaries: Who Killed Lumumba?, and Mobutu. Retrieved from http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2001/01/lum-j10.htm

[5]What really happened in Congo? (2014, October 26). Retrieved from http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/141523 on 26th October 2014

[6] Best, R. (1996). Covert Action: An Effective Instrument for U.S foreign Policy? CRS Report

for Congress on Foreign Affairs and National Defence Division. Retrieved from http://congressionalresearch.com/96-844/ on 26th October, 2014.

[7]Bennett, Edward Moore (1985), Franklin D. Roosevelt and the. Search for Security:

American–Soviet Relations, 1933–39, Wilmington, Delaware: Scholarly Resources, p. 24, ISBN

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