“What role did religion play in the creating and continuing the passions of the Civil War?”.
For Cause and Comrades by James M. McPherson consists of mostly of soldiers’ diaries and letters home as to why the men were fighting the Civil War. The initial motivation the union and confederacy sustain throughout the story proves that personal honor is valued more than their lives.
The majority of Union soldiers, he concludes, earnestly fought for the Union cause, deprecating the sins of treason and rebellion and fearing the consequences if they allowed the “Slave Power” to destroy the government bequeathed to them by the Founders. Few enlisted primarily to defeat slavery, though in a separate chapter McPherson discusses how a majority of Union soldiers came to espouse emancipation, especially as an effective war measure and punishment for secession. Confederates similarly invoked the American Revolution, seeing themselves as fighting for independence and against subjugation. In addition to fighting for hearth and home, “most Southern volunteers believed they were fighting for liberty as well as slavery” (often citing both in the same breath), and many actively feared the effects of “Black Republicanism” loosed on their Herrenvolk democracy (20-22).
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“Slavery caused the Civil War.” Defend or reject that statement. If you agree, explain what role slavery played in the section conflict that led to the Civil War. How did northerners and southerners view the institution and how did those views drive them to blows in 1861? If you disagree, explain what did cause the Civil War. What forces or events in American life (other than slavery) drive people to divide and make war?
One way to determine the cause of the Civil War, is to examine the primary sources from that period to see if any explicit causes were cited.
The Civil War began after several states seceded from the Union in late 1860 and early 1861. Each state that seceded issued an Article of Secession announcing that they were leaving the Union.
In addition, four states: Texas, Mississippi, Georgia and South Carolina issued additional documents, known as the Declaration of Causes, that further explained their actions. These declarations discuss two major themes: slavery and state’s rights.
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Compare the societies, politics, and cultures of North and South on the eve of the Civil War. Please address the issue of race in your response.
Nearly 21 million people lived in 23 Northern states. The South claimed just 9 million people — including 3.5 million slaves — in 11 CONFEDERATE STATES. Despite the North’s greater population, however, the South had an army almost equal in size during the first year of the war.
• Black Northerners
− free but not equal (i.e. segregation)
− worked as laborers & servants
• White Northerners
− most lived on farms
− children expected to help with harvesting
− cities next to factories or RR tracks
Society of the South – agrarian, rural life
• Maryland to Florida & west to Texas
• Black Southerners
− small minority free (live separate, wear special
badges) – skilled crafts people or servants
− slaves – cooks, carpenters, blacksmiths, nurse
maids/nannies, MOST field hands
• White Southerners
− measured wealth in terms of land & slaves
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Discuss Napoleon’s successes and failures as a general. Should he be regarded as one of the great commanders, was he simply lucky, or some of both?
Napoleon was one of the greatest military minds in the history of warfare. He expanded the conquests of France from her revolutionary borders to that of an Empire that stretched from Spain to the steppes of Russia. Napoleon’s genius lay not in revolutionizing of warfare itself, but in the refinement of existing means. He did not propose any drastic changes in tactics nor invent a new method of waging warfare, instead he excelled at the tactical handling of the armies of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
The paper will be double-spaced, employ a minimum of ten references to at least five source materials (in footnote form), a bibliography (which is not part of the five-to-seven-page requirement for length).
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A Memoir a Contemporary Account of a Series of Events A memoir is a contemporary account or remembrance of a series of events, written by someone who was an eyewitness.
A Memoir a Contemporary Account of a Series of Events
Memoirs can be useful for historians who want to understand the past, but there are also pitfalls associated with using memoirs as evidence.
In this assignment, you are being asked to analyze a historical memoir in order to develop your skills as a historian: that is, to learn how to critically assess historical evidence. This assignment will help you demonstrate how a first-person account of an event can both illuminate – and obscure – the truth.
Steps to successfully completing the assignment:
Choose a memoir.
The memoir must be about one of the following events: World War One, the Russian Revolution, or the Spanish Civil War.
A Memoir a Contemporary Account of a Series of Events Writing Guidelines
We strongly encourage you to choose from the list at the end of these guidelines.
If you want to go off list you MUST CONFIRM WITH YOUR TA. Please note that volumes with multiple authors are not allowed. You do not need to confirm with your TA if you choose from the attached list.
Analyse your memoir.
A) Describe the Document:
When was the document written and what was happening at that time?
Who wrote the document and what was their background?
Why did they write this memoir?
Who is the intended audience? How does this affect the tone, content and aims of the document?
B) Describe the Content:
Describe the contents of the memoir. Try to be concise, since you should leave a lot of room for your critical analysis (part C).
C) Critically assess the memoir and its use as evidence:
What does this document tell us about this period of history? How and why is the document historically significant?
What are the strengths and weaknesses of this document as a historical source?
A Memoir a Contemporary Account of a Series of Events Questions
Some of the questions you may wish to consider are:
What are the limitations of memories? Can we trust them? Why should we trust the author, and why should we not trust the author?
What are some things that we learn about wartime experiences, and what is still missing?
What is the author’s bias? (Why does this matter?) Does the author have an “agenda”? How might this agenda shape the way the author presents “truth”?
What, in general, are the limits of using only one piece of evidence to understand a historical event?
Required Finishing Touches:
a) You don’t need a title page, but you do need a FULL REFERENCE for your book. Put this at the very top of your first page. Here’s an example of a full reference for a book:
Smith, John. At the Front. New York: Routledge, 1998 [first edition published 1921].
b) DOUBLE SPACE your assignment.
d) Try and QUOTE your document directly to back up the points you make. For example, if you are describing a battle the author recounts, quote his or her views of the battle. Quotations help emphasize main points. Just don’t over-use quotes – paraphrase where possible.
e) When you quote or paraphrase, put the page number in brackets at the end of the sentence. This kind of referencing is allowed when you are analysing a single source. If you do use outside sources (none are required, but you may wish to), you need a full footnote or endnote plus a bibliography. Please do not use web sources for this assignment.
f) In your header at the top of the page, or in a footer at the bottom, put your name in the left corner and the page number in the right corner.
g) Please put your TA’s name somewhere on the first page.
*If you wish, you can double-side your essay to save paper, but this is not a requirement.*
An A paper will:
-Have a clear and grammatically correct writing style
-Be structured into the three sections as outlined in this memoir study guide
-Demonstrate good knowledge of the structure of the memoir, describes its contents clearly and concisely, identifies the author, date and the purpose for which it was written
-Quotes from the memoir to emphasize key points (but does not over-quote)
-Critically assesses the memoir’s usefulness as a historical source
-Use double spacing
-Has page numbers and your name on each page
A Memoir a Contemporary Account of a Series of Events and the List of Approved Memoirs for this Study
World War One
Baldwin, Harold Holding the Line
Barbusse, Henri Under Fire
Brittain, Vera Testament of Youth
Dinesen, Thomas Merry Hell! A Dane with the Canadians
Duhamel, Georges Civilisation: 1914-1917
Graves, Robert Goodbye to all That
Harrison, Charles Y Generals Die in Bed
Bird, Will R. Ghosts Have Warm Hands
Cliff, Norman To Hell and Back with the Guards
Keene, Louis Crumps. The Plain Story of a Canadian who went
McClintock, A Best O’ Luck. How a Fighting Kentuckian won the Thanks of Britain’s King
McKean, G.B. Scouting Thrills
McMillan, David Trench Tea and Sandbags
Richards, Frank Old Soldiers Never Die
Allen, Hervey Toward the Flame: a Memoir of World War One
Edmonds, Charles Subaltern’s War
Bloem, Walter Advance from Mons 1914
Blunden, Edmond Undertones of War
Adams, Bernard Nothing of Importance
Read, I.L. Of Those we Loved
Farmborough, F. Nurse at the Russian Front: a Diary 1914-1918
Jünger, Ernst Storm of Steel
Malin, Geoffrey How I Filmed the Great War
Scott, Frederick How I Saw the Great War
Steele, Owen Lt. Owen William Steele of the Newfoundland Regiment
Russian Revolution & Civil War
Dunsterville, L.C. The Adventures of Dunsterforce
Hindus, Maurice Red Bread
Mandelstam, N. Hope Against Hope
Golitsyn, Sergei Memoirs of a Survivor
Spanish Civil War
Borkenau, Franz The Spanish Cockpit: an Eyewitness Account of the Spanish Civil War
Lee, Laurie A Moment of War: a Memoir of the Spanish Civil War
Orwell, George Homage to Catalonia
Stephens, D.P. A Memoir of the Spanish Civil War
Neugass, James War is Beautiful
Woolsey, Gamel Malaga Burning: an American Woman’s Eyewitness Account
Remember: you don’t have to choose from this list. But if you go off this list you must clear it with your TA. Volumes with multiple memoirs in them are not allowed. Letters are allowed, but only if all the letters are from one person and not a collection of different authors.
The Relationship between USA and Russia First, characterize shifts and changes in the two countries’ complex relationship as a result of military, political, economic, social, and cultural developments during the twentieth century.
The Relationship between USA and Russia
Second, use the two primary sources to explain how those works expressed and reflected changing American perceptions of the Soviet Union in the period between World War II and the Cold War. From 1922 to 1991, Russia was the largest part of the Soviet Union. Through most the final half of the 20th Century, the United States and the Soviet Union (known also as the USSR) were the principal actors in an epic battle, referred to as a Cold War, for global domination.
The Story of America from Civil War through the Cold War America has a complicated history in the modern era. How would you characterize that history?
The Story of America from Civil War through the Cold War
Does American history reflect America’s highest ideals – the notions of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness? Has America lived up to its promises? How would you characterize modern America? In other words:
What themes dominate the history and development of America from the Civil War through the end of the Cold War in 1989?
You must choose at least 3 themes. YOU ARE NOT TO USE SOURCES THAT ARE
OUTSIDE THE COURSE. Support the themes you have chosen with evidence from the course material. You must define what the themes mean through the evidence you cite. For example, if justice is one of your themes, do not just merely say that justice was lacking in the U.S. for this group of people until 1970. Instead, cite examples. You should probably have at least 3 citations to support each theme from the course material
The Story of America from Civil War through the Cold War Description
You are to write a structured, edited essay between 5-7 pages using academic
English (please avoid idiomatic expressions).
• Do not write less than 5 pages!
• This assignment is worth 20% of your grade.
• You will employ Chicago-style citations and footnotes. No exceptions.
• Papers that violate the plagiarism policy automatically receive a grade of F for the assignment and are reported to the University as an academic violation. This Includes improper citations.
• Use Times New Roman 12-pt font with normal margins, double-spaced. Number your pages. Staple them together.
• The essay is due Thursday, November 29, 2018 at the beginning of class. You must submit a hard copy IN CLASS. Please do not email me the essay in lieu of a hard copy. Late papers will not be accepted. Please staple your pages together and number them.
• Do not use sources other than what is contained on the syllabus. You are to construct your arguments using only the readings on CANVAS, the required texts of the course and information from the lectures. NOTE: for The American Yawp, instead of page numbers just use chapter. section as the
format.
13 Upton Sinclair, The Jungle (1906), 55-56.
14 Martin Luther King, Jr., “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” (1963), 232.
10 Martin Luther King, Jr., “A Time to Break Silence,” (1967), 219.
3Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto, ed. David McLellan (Oxford:
Oxford University Press, 2008), 32.
5 Maureen A. Flanagan, America Reformed: Progressives and Progressivisms, 1890s-1920s
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), 44.
6 Rick Atkinson, An Army at Dawn: the War in North Africa, 1942-1943 (New York: Henry
Holt, 2002), 288.
11 Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New
York: Simon & Schuster, 2011), 36.
NOTE: You can draw from these sources above to support your paper
Hitlers Appeal to the Germans 1932 For the last several years, we have been seeing a marked rise in nationalism throughout the world.
Hitlers Appeal to the Germans 1932
This is nothing new, but it is a very disturbing trend. In this final Primary Assignment, we’ll be looking at what factors in the early 20th century allowed for the rise of extreme nationalism throughout the world, leading to the nightmares of Stalin’s Russia and Hitler’s Germany. How did they rule, what factors enabled them to keep control? Finally, what similarities can you find between the world in the 1930s and today?
http://www.emersonkent.com/speeches/appeal_to_the_nation.htm (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
Lincolns war Militia and Private Citizens Powers Lincoln’s war powers essay prompt:
At times with the aid of congress, Lincoln conscripted hundreds of thousands of militia and private citizens, blockaded confederate ports, suspended the writ of habeas corpus, and seized/released human property.
Lincolns war Militia and Private Citizens Powers
To what extent were Lincoln’s wartime actions justifiable (or not) under the constitution?
You may briefly consider if similar actions would be permissible today.
You may only use the following sources:
1. Corbett, Scott, et. al. U.S. History. Houston: OpenStax, 2014.
2. US constitution
3. Federalist paper 67
4. Lincoln’s first inaugural address
5. Lincoln’s proclamation on state militias, April 15, 1861
6. Lincoln’s message to congress on
July 4, 1861
7. Supreme Court justice Roger B. Tandy’s majority decision in Ex parte merryman
8. Confiscation acts of Aug. 6, 1861 and July 17, 1862
9. Lincoln’s ultimatum (sept 22, 1862)
10. Enrollment act of 1863
11. Emancipation proclamation
McPherson in Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction. Use your notes and the index in the back of the text to focus your research.
Review the major events of Civil War Reconstruction
Civil War and Reconstruction
related to the person selected and corresponding description(s), depictions and incidents listed in the index. Examine the notes, footnotes and references cited by McPherson.
What primary and secondary source for Civil War Reconstruction material used?
(Primary source material is an original documentation, created by an eyewitness, participant or author of an original document.
Secondary source materials are those created by newspaper accounts, developed from interviews, commentary by others on an event or person. Books/articles/papers written by anyone who was not a participant in the event or is not autobiographic.)
Are there hints about any method that he may have used to shape the information?
What was the context of the incident(s)? Did McPherson keep that context clear ? allowing the events/persons to “speak” for themselves?
Determine what materials were primary sources.
Official Records of the Civil War Reconstruction
Review the original material, particularly the Official Records at: https://cdl.library.cornell.edu/moa/browse.monographs/waro.html
Examine two to three other sources concerning the selected figure, looking for differing opinions, accounts, or depictions, in opposition or support of McPherson’s interpretation. Then, and explain the differences or corroboration. You should look beyond Wikipedia, and not use it as one of the two to three sources consulted.
As a result of the research and reading, produce a paper which explains briefly the nature of the character examined. How the person has been depicted by McPherson and others. Give an informed opinion as to why or how those depictions were developed. How they deviate/comply with the primary source material.
Civil War Reconstruction
If you choose Lincoln, Davis, Lee or McClellan, be selective in determining how far you would take the subject. Those four figures loom large in the text and in the Civil War, and may present a larger project than you care to do or have time to produce. If you have questions, please contact your instructor for suggestions about narrowing or approaching the subject in a practical manner.
Civil War Reconstruction
For example, if examining Lincoln, you might select one of the categories listed by McPherson in the index, such as Lincoln ? “as commander in chief” and focus only upon the data used to shape the presentation in that selection of references from the McPherson text.
The paper (not including the cover page and references) should be a minimum of 2,000 words in length, double spaced in 12 point Arial font. Sources should be cited in either APA or Chicago/Turabian format.
