The advent of globalization has to some extent affected every aspect of humanity in the 20th and 21st century era. The genesis of the new wave of technology in specific has resulted in making the world a smaller place. With the rise of multinational corporations, negative environmental implications have been experienced among some countries. With these factors, it is extremely challenging to get a proper definition of globalization. Due to the mixed effects that accompany globalization, defining it seems tasking. Globalization, therefore, can be perceived of having a positive, negative or marginal effect.
Introduction
In the 21st Century, the term globalization is finding more roots as it directly affects the future. Deferent views have been centered on globalization and understanding it becomes complex. However, it entails the intensification of global social relations which have the capacity to link distant localities in a way that the current happenings are shaped by events that happen miles away and vice versa. This links can be either seen in the political, economic or cultural aspects of a given country
There are many aspects of globalization. However, this paper will zero in on the three main types that have been of vital significance in this era. These types include the political, cultural and economic aspects of globalization. In the 20th and 21st century, there has been a rise in global issues that have turned the world into a small global community. These factors range from the encroachment of global cultures to international business platforms, the doors that open up for nations to link with others and so on and forth.
Out of the confusions and chaos that are arising in remaining relevant with the current trends brought by globalization, globalization still stands at the forefront of global issues (Vadlamannati, 2015). Nations have been affected by the wave of globalization, a factor that has turned into a globalization issue. This paper, therefore, seeks to by sect these global issues by ascertaining the various types of globalization and identifying their impacts. It will also be imperative to determine if globalization is beneficial or not.
Background
The pace at which globalization is finding root in the contemporary society is becoming more rapid from time to time. Those who are trained to analyze and track it tend to experience difficulties in keeping up with the new impacts and effects of globalization. It is imperative to clearly understand that humanities lives are influenced transcendently with forces that have crossed boarders, which because of their power to influence and scope are changing the life on this planet.
In as much as all levels of the society are being shaped by this process, is this change positive, negative or marginal? In the wake of globalization, individuals are likely to find themselves or their livelihood threatened or their identity overthrown, regions have the option to either recreate themselves or die, and nations are experiencing instances of steady decrease in freedom as a result of globalization (Vadlamannati, 2015). This in itself is a global issue.
Literature Review
According to Vadlamannati, 2015 globalization cannot be analyzed or addressed without viewing its types and the various impacts they have on the economy of the world. In his opinion, it is proper to justify that some types of globalization may produce beneficial results to a particular region in the world while another time may not actually benefit the same region.
In Vadlamannatis view globalization is used to designate the power relations, technologies and practices that typify and bring into being the contemporary world. He, therefore, defines globalization as a tool that helps present the world today. However, some ideologies argue at the manner at which globalization has helped resolve the world. Some of the ideologies tend to hold that globalization has destructed the national heritage and cultures of societies.
Contradictions are rising steadily challenging the concepts of globalization. Vadlamannati, undermines the position that globalization is a full swing and that its existing presence has the power, authority and scope to direct countries towards a beneficial state. In his view, he asserts that globalization is a malady that disrupts in its inequitable effects. Globalization has posed immense challenges for institutions while also weakening the support and autonomy for those it excludes economically or culturally. In challenging these views, analysts have attempted to clarify the aspects of globalization that have the potential to generate social conflicts and unrest. By this, they have designed a human need theory that was developed by John Burton to explore and mitigate this conflicts that arise.
Critiques have also argued in support of Vadlamannati view that globalization in as much as has been seen as the height to economic rationality, also portrays its dark sides. They allege that the contemporary form of globalization that is driven by economic power has been the promoter of Western culture and corporations thus putting societies and jobs in poor countries at risk by exploiting cheap labor. Globalization according to these critics has also degraded the environment and undermined the developments of democracy and social stability by exposing institutions to forces of economic changes that tend to be beyond their control. In their view, globalization is uneven both in its effects and processes.
Types of Globalization
Economic Globalization
This form of globalization has led to economic developments and integrations of countries by introducing approaches such as free trade and foreign investments among others, with the aim of making the world a global village. It comprises of production, technology, competition, corporation, and industries. The positive effects of globalization include the provision of employment that have increased the living standards of various communities. Access to new markets is also another contribution of the economic globalization.
Fair trade methods have been established among countries thus giving a country the chance for home grown corporations to venture and compete in international markets.
However on the other side, economic globalization has significantly widened the income gaps between the poor and the rich to a great extent (Vadlamannati, 2015). These have brewed a new issue in the increase in poverty levels that has resulted from the difference in incomes between countries. The growing inequality in the world may also be ascribed to economic globalization a factor that has led to inequality between the rich and the poor in the world. The losers of economic globalization remain to be the developing economies who in most instances open doors for economic developments at the expense of their environment.
Political Globalization
Political globalization is also another form of globalization that has led to the creation of a world government that regulates the relations between states. Globalization of this kind also guarantees the rights that arise from economic and social globalization. Multinational corporations have been instrumental in keeping nations in check (Vadlamannati, 2015).
This has seen the enactment of issues related to human rights from the international governments. International peace has also been maintained as are result of this form of globalization. Despite these governments have lost autonomy and are now faced with dangers such as increase in cases of polarization of wealth, worldwide corruption and curtail scandals, and lastly the capital transnational corporations have turned out more influential than any government.
Cultural Globalization
Cultural globalization is the leading cause of loss of national cultures and heritage. The world has become a melting point, and every society is Americanized as a result of cultural globalization. Culture is a tool that applies to the global context in which it has emerged. It formulates the configuration of different ethnic groups, cultures, or races depending on the period of history (Vadlamannati, 2015). When the process of acculturation occurs, different cultures merge thus some of the features of a culture are adopted while the group remains extinct.
Conclusion
Having analyzed all this factors, it is imperative to sum up this dissertation by indicating the fact that there is no distinct positive or negative answer on globalization. Globalization should be understood on the context that it can be beneficial to some countries, people and organization to some magnitude but its harmful effects can still be depicted in various ways. A balanced approach in understanding and incorporating globalization is advisable to any country that seeks its benefits.
References
Vadlamannati, K. C. (2015). Rewards of (Dis) Integration: Economic, Social, and Political Globalization and Freedom of Association and Collective Bargaining Rights of Workers in Developing Countries. Industrial & Labor Relations Review, 68(1), 3-27.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Comparison and contract of how the different areas of public policy in Australia are shaped and the role played by the relevant institutions, participants and forces
Order Instructions:
1. Please read the attached stimulus reading.
2. Write a response to the stimulus reading, arguing for or against the points made. (275 words).
3. Ensure that you make reference to any relevant news articles or academic publications to strengthen your argument.
4. All sources must be referenced correctly.
SAMPLE ANSWER
This paper is a response that argues for the essay on the comparison and contract of how the different areas of public policy in Australia are shaped and the role played by the relevant institutions, participants and forces (Jenny, 2007). The areas of policy represented are all in the realms of the actions that the government commits and the intentions that are used to determine the respective actions. In this context, it makes sense to examine the particular languages that politicians use, because this will form the basis of determining the intentions that underlie their political choices. Consider the case study given on Tony Abbott the prime minister; it is easy to determine his innate intents based on his choice of political language (Daniel and Bridie 2014). And from the illustrations from the various speech experts, it is clearly demonstrated that Abbot has a traditional view on the issue of gender roles, especially for the case of women – his speech still betrays him for a traditionalist who has a strong advocacy for traditional male masculinity and the submissive role women are poised to play (Daniel 2014). This clearly coincides with his government’s public policy regarding the various legislations addressing issues of gender. Secondly, this essay points out that racial discrimination is an intent that can be filtered as a public policy following the speech of politicians. True to this assertion, the prime minister is prove to this through the changes that Abbott proposed to the racial discrimination act – the proposal was meant to repeal the “Section 18C, Racial Discrimination Act, that forbids acting in a manner likely to ‘offend, humiliate, insult and intimidate someone because of their race or ethnicity” (Heath, 2014). In his address, he referred to the section as a “hurt feelings’ test”, but the backlash from the public was sufficient evidence that his speech intent was aligned to racial discrimination (Daveed Gartenstein-Ross, 2014).
Reference
Daniel H. (2014), Tony Abbott not keen to revisit racial discrimination law after France attack, The Guardian, 14 January 2015
Daniel H. and Bridie J. (2014), Tony Abbott faces internal backlash over racial discrimination law change. The Guardian 18 March 2014
Daveed Gartenstein-Ross, (2014) ‘Legislating Religious Correctness: Religious vilification laws converge with the Islamist vision of a blasphemy-free society’ The Daily Standard 27 October 2014.
Heath A. (2014), Tony Abbott Dumps controversial changes to 18c racial discrimination laws, The Sunday Morning Herald, August 5, 2014
Strategic planning is essential for organizations because, ultimately, it helps them to be of value to the stakeholders and communities that they serve. While this provides a broad explanation of the importance of strategic planning, it does not explain why it is specifically relevant for your particular organization. When initiating the strategic planning process, you want to be able to obtain stakeholder buy-in, and to do this, you have to be able to explain its relevance. For this Discussion, you examine the relevance of strategic planning to the organization that you selected for your Final Project.
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
1. A brief description of the non-profit or public organization that you have
selected for your Final Project.
(The Lupus Research Institute)
2. Explain why strategic planning is relevant to this organization.
3. Then, identify critical components of the organization’s strategic planning process and explain why they are critical in terms of missions and goals.
2. Bryson, J. M. (2011). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement (4th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
o Chapter 3, “Initiating and Agreeing on a Strategic Planning Process” (pp. 83–116)
This chapter explains how to develop an initial agreement for organizational strategic planning. It also provides detailed design guidelines for organizations to follow.
o Chapter 4, “Clarifying Organizational Mandates and Mission” (pp. 117–149)
This chapter provides guidance on identifying and clarifying an organization’s mandates, mission, and values. It also begins to explore stakeholder analyses.
3. Resource A, “A Guide to Stakeholder Identification and Analysis Techniques” (pp. 405–427)
4. McHatton, P. A., Bradshaw, W., Gallagher, P. A., & Reeves, R. (2011). Results from a strategic planning process: Benefits for a nonprofit organization. Nonprofit Management and Leadership, 22(2), 233–249.
Please apply the Application Assignment Rubric when writing the Paper.
I. Paper should demonstrate an excellent understanding of all of the concepts and key points presented in the texts.
II. Paper provides significant detail including multiple relevant examples, evidence from the readings and other sources, and discerning ideas.
III. Paper should be well organized, uses scholarly tone, follows APA style, uses original writing and proper paraphrasing, contains very few or no writing and/or spelling errors, and is fully consistent with doctoral level writing style.
IV. Paper should be mostly consistent with doctoral level writing style.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The Lupus Research Institute (LRI) was established in 2000. It is America’s only nonprofit organization that is determined to offer novel research in lupus (Bird, 2015, P.75). With innovative research, the team has managed to find safer and more efficient treatments and cure for lupus. Their research has enabled them to come up with major breakthroughs that have proved to be significant in the fight against lupus. These findings include; the genetics of lupus, why and how certain organs such as the kidneys, brain, and the skin are susceptible to lupus attack, and the biomarkers of lupus development (Wallace, 2013, P. 37).
With proper strategic planning, LRI will manage to come up with innovative and creative ideas that will serve as the core framework of the organization hence designing its future. For any organization to achieve its set objectives, wise decisions must be made (Bryson, 2011, P. 137). With wise decisions, LRI will determine the projects they want to do research on, for example, what molecules determine the control of the immune system. They could be having several projects that need to be attended to, but they need proper planning to decide which project should be run, who should be in charge, and how long the project should take to completion. This will help them save time and focus on the right thing at the right time rather than conducting their research in a haphazard manner.
According to Bialek, Duffy, and Moran, the components of an organization’s strategic planning process include; communication strategy, values, mission statement, objectives, monitoring of the strategic plan, vision statement, and strategic planning task force (Bialek, Duffy, & Moran, 2009, P.43). These components are of crucial to the LRI’s success. This is because they help the managers to look objectively at the measurement of criteria defined in the goals. It may be necessary to make changes to the plan and its assumptions if it seems to be off the track (Ingram, 2011, P. 78). By sticking to these elements, LRI will continue standing out as the leading research institute.
References
Bialek, R. G., Duffy, G. L., & Moran, J. W. (2009). The public health quality improvement handbook. Milwaukee, Wis: ASQ Quality Press.
Bryson, J. M. (2011). Strategic planning for public and nonprofit organizations: A guide to strengthening and sustaining organizational achievement. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, a Wiley Imprint
Wallace, D. J. (2013). The lupus book: A guide for patients and their families. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ingram, S. R. (2011). Successful strategic planning: 10 things you absolutely must know before hiring a consultant to prepare a strategic plan for your business. Chicago: Jourdan & Brown Pub
Bird, J. L. (2015). Innovative collaborative practice and reflection in patient education
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Stetson Company has so far had a lot of financial challenges in some of its wings of operation such as the Fly Airways, Technology, and the Banking sectors. The occurrences of the issues such as the currency exchange rates, bidding process, risk management and the hedging options (Clark and Buffett, 2014). In this case, they prompted the finance department through the Directorate the department to come up with a report that comprehensively evaluates on these sectors as presented below.
Stetson Air
Free Cash Flow Methodology in Stetson Group Fly-Up Airways (FA)
Free Cash Flow, FCF is the available cash to the stakeholders when all the expenses, interests, taxes, capital expenditures and the present portion of the long-term debt have gone through the deduction from the revenues. FCF will be of value to the organization since it enhances the provision of an accurate financial picture of the company than the net income. Net income, in this case, is the accounting adjustments that at some may not have an impact on the Stetson’s health. For instance, Fly-up Airways may have a negative Free Cash Flow. The company may find it hard to continue doing business operations without borrowing from other financial institutions to sustain it. In addition, when the company experiences a downward trend in the cash flows, then it signifies that there will be stagnation in its growth (Wilson and Adler, 2013).
On the hand, the other value of the free cash flow to the Stetson Company is in the evaluation of the company’s financial ability in realizing its stated goals and then objectives to the stakeholders. In this case, the company that has positive cash flow, as in the case of Fly-up Airways of the Stetson Company, will attain the full financial strength in meeting its financial obligations.
The Revenues of FA = $325m
EBIT = 85m
The total working capital= $20m
Corporation tax is 30%
Debt to equity ratio = 70%/30%
In this scenario
Free Cash flow will be given by:
FCF=Sales Revenue – Operating Costs and Taxes – Required Investments in Operating Capital
=325 – 20
$305
Since FA has good free working capital, Stetson should continue with their plans of acquiring the company.
Evaluation on the Possible Defence Tactics That Might Be Adopted By Fly-Up Airways
Fly-Up Airways in the case of its failure in bidding process may adopt the below options to sustain the situation; Fly-Up Airways may go for the option of selling itself to the bigger companies through trade sales. As a result, the company, in this case, will act as a subsidiary buyer. Failure in the bidding process may also prompt the management of the Stetson Company to sell its assets, rather than the shares, to save the situation. As a result, a potential buyer may have the choice to choose from the most useful assets so as to save the company from further troubles (Wilson and Adler, 2013).
In the case, the Fly-Up Airways fails to find an appropriate buyer then it will go for the auction method of selling itself. In such situation, the company will strive itself so as to get the potential buyer with the highest bidding amount. All these processes, however, will have to take place through the stock exchange, as it is only the best way or place that a company can perform or initiate its acquisition well. In addition, many potential buyers are also available in the stock exchange market that, in this case, should provide for the options for the Fly-Up Airways in auctioning itself within the shortest time available.
In some cases, the Fly-Up Airways bidding process may receive the rejection. The company will, in this case, withdraw their offer further to reduce the chances of the bid becoming more and more hostile to the public. Cases of hostile bids have the tendency of generating conflicts of interests between the directors and the shareholders. For instance, in such bidding process, the directors may lose their jobs while the shareholders end up selling more shares than the previously announced figure for sale from the company.
The other option that the Fly-up Airways has in the case of the hostile reception of their bidding process is to avoid the use of the poison pills. Poison pills entail the schemes and the strategies involved in the issuance of more stock to the present holders, resulting in the dilution of the bidders share in the company. Such circumstances that may lead to the frustration of the bidding process should be avoided at all costs by the Fly-up Airways to evade the hostility in the bidding process (Wilson and Adler, 2013). Another option that the Fly-up Airways may adopt in the case of hostile bidding process is to look for friendlier potential purchasing companies. In addition, Fly-up Airways may also look for the white knight that together with the friendlier company may provide the option for quotation of higher prices of shares than the hostile bidder in the stock market (Wilson and Adler, 2013).
Advantages of Cash Offer or Mixed Mode Financial
Cash offers have the advantages of providing the option minimal and closing costs that can take place within the period of implementing the contract. However, the contract should be acceptable to both involved parties in such situations. On the other hand, the seller enjoys the benefit of not waiting for the approval of the mortgage In this case, the agent will have no fear of the issue of the properly not earning its appraisal. The instance is that it is the banks that mostly do need the appraisals while not either the seller or the buyer. In addition, the agents from the Fly-up Airways will enjoy the benefit of the few contingencies that, in this case, enhance their closeness to earning their commissions (Beattie, Fearnley, and Hines, 2011).
Disadvantages of Cash Offer or Mixed Mode Financial Offer
Buyers need to be more cautious in their contracts the engage in so as to enable their protection from having the contingencies in the contract. In this situation work with their agents who will guide them on the suggestions relating to the appraisal issues and also how to carry out such appraisal issues effectively. For instance, the elements that the agent may address, in this case, are the; Termite Inspection, Well and Septic, Building Permits, School Districts, Wetlands and Lot size. The agent, in this case, has, to ensure further, that the buyer makes all the verifications on the contents of the contract. As a result, it enables him or her get familiarized with the requirements and the legalities of the contract at large (Beattie, Fearnley, and Hines, 2011). The seller, on the other hand, may find it also hard to do his or her verifications on the funds involved in the transaction process that entails the third parties. The agent may sometimes have too much pride in handling the transaction process. For instance, he or she (agent) may end up ignoring some contents of the contract, especially when handling his or her client during the transaction process (Lee, 2006).
Stetson Technology
The Significance of Exchange Controls for the Investment Decision
The decisions on the exchange control investments come with some laws or regulations that the government uses to regulate the foreign exchange of the country’s currency. For instance, the government may initiate the exchange controls on a single currency such as allowing for the convertibility of the currency into the country’s currency.
In addition, the control of the exchange rates helps the citizens of the country in making the right choices on the investment decisions or choices. For instance, the individual may be able to evaluate the inflation trends of different countries. As a result, he or she will choose the best nation with favorable inflation trends so as to avoid failure in his or her business (Lee, 2006).
Strategies of Dealing with Restricted Remittance
Remittances are the monies that migrants from home send to their mother countries. The funds are also of importance towards the growth and the development of these nations. Countries, however, have to come up with the strategies for ensuring that this money gets back home despite their citizens staying abroad (Beattie, Fearnley, and Hines, 2011). For instance, the two governments in place of the countries where these citizens stay should cooperate with each for the realization of its success. The governments may work together towards their tax and their foreign affairs departments in revealing the information details concerning the citizen’s earnings. Consequentially, the tax departments may use such information calculation the expected or the amount that these migrants should send back home. In this instance, it will also be possible to track the individuals who never subject themselves at all for taxation purposes.
Viability of Investment in Cambodia
Cash Flow Statements will assist the investment in Cambodia in expressing how the Stetson Company raised the cash or money and the expenses of the money during a given period. As a result, Cash Flow Statements, in this case, will measure the Stetson Company’s to manage its incoming expenses in the coming days or periods (Palepu, 2007). In most of the occasions, Stetson Company will be in a good shape when it will be able continuously to generate more cash than its expenditure. As a result, the Cash Flow Statements just as was identified before, will serve as a tool for evaluating the company’s financial health status. In addition, it will also determine the abilities of the company to meet the incoming bill and liabilities during its normal operations or transactions (Palepu, 2007). A business that has more cash runs their operations better. However, cases of low negative cash flow for a year may come from the poor financial strategies that the company may have towards its growth and development. As a result, the real issue here of positive development does not get its required attention. With regards the financial analysis, there is a need for the Stetson Company continues to evaluate on its cash flow tends to avoid meeting such bad omens in the financial sector of the company (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen, 2007).
Potential Risk Exposures to a Company In Future
Potential Future Exposure is the expected maximum credit exposure for a given period with the consideration of the calculation of the level of confidence. As a result, PFE determines the counter party risks or the credit risks. The calculation of the Potential Future Exposure (PFE) entails the evaluation of the trades carried out with the possible market prices in the future, especially at the times of lifetime transactions (Beattie, Fearnley, and Hines, 2011). As a result, PFE may also assume the name sensitivity analysis of the risk with respect to the market prices. However, the expected maximum exposure is not the same as the maximum credit h exposure possible. As such, the maximum credit exposure defines the upper bound on the confidence interval for the possible future exposures (Alexander, Britton and Jorissen, 2007).
In most of the occasions, the credit managers remain focused on the present exposure evaluations such as the current market exposures and the outstanding receivables that, in this case, form part of the collateral management. However, the incoming problem here is that it emphasizes on the current but does not create the opportunity for the indication of the credit risks in the coming future (Clark and Buffett, 2014). Due to the losses that accrue from the credit risk, the instance, in this case, takes a bit long time to prosper into a more viable method of evaluating the potential exposure. In addition, the potential exposure is not the same as the present exposure since its existence is in the future. As a result, it gives a wide choice of the outcomes instead of the single point estimation case (Palepu, 2007).
Management of Risks
As much as the term goes with risk management, the objective of the Stetson Company is to eliminate the risk entirely from the company rather than just its management. However, risks are uncertainties that an individual or a company cannot do away with completely. Risks continue to occur and in most of the occasions they may prove hard to predict their time of occurrence (Kwok, 2005). However, Stetson Company may use the below strategies to manage the potential risks that may occur in the company; ensure that good risks and opportunities are identified, assessed, managed and reported. A
Aligning risk appetite and strategy enhance the embedding of risk management in decision-making, allocating resources to effectively and efficiently manage risks and ensuring efficient management of risks with the use of the best practices.
Stetson Bank
Stetson on Banking
Stetson’s Increased Exposure to Credit Risk As A Result Of the Borrowing Requirement
Stetson Company stands at high risks of exposure to the below categories of risk exposures; corporate, sovereign, Bank, Retail and Equity exposures.
Corporate Exposures
Corporate exposure defines the type of exposure that the Stetson Company will find itself in, in relation to the partnerships or the proprietorships that it will be doing business operations within the market structure. For instance, there is a need for a special guidance on the small or medium entity for the purpose of the avoidance of occurrence of this type of exposure (Clark and Buffett, 2014). As a result, corporate exposure exists in other further sub-classifications as given below that facilitate in the lending of the assets during the normal business operational activities (Smith, 2010). Object Finance that involves the funding of the physical assets in relevance to the expected cash flows from the rentals or leases on some of the identified assets in the company. Commodity Finance is the funding of the reserves, receivables or the inventories of the exchange traded commodities instead of the borrowings from the independent sources of finances (Beattie, Fearnley, and Hines, 2011). The income producing real estate that entails the financing of the real estate that is either rented or leased out by the debtor for the purposes of generating cash flow used to repay the exposure. High volatility commercial real estate that involves the funding of the commercial real estate so that to how a higher level of volatility of loss rates in comparison to some other forms carrying out lending (Elliott and Elliott, 2008)
Sovereign Exposures and Bank Exposures
Sovereign exposures define the loan given to a given country. Elements of this forms of the exposure are the central banks from different countries, public sector enterprises, multilateral developments that meet the threshold for the 0% mark for the risk weight through the standard guidelines approach (Hussey, 2011). Bank Exposures are the loans to banks or security firms through the regulatory capital requirement. Some domestic PSEs or MDBs fail to meet the threshold for the 0% mark of the risk weight through the standardized approach is also in the class of Bank Exposure of risks (Kirk, 2009).
Retail Exposures
Retail exposures include the loans that the Stetson Company makes to the individuals. For instance, the credit cards, overdrafts or the residential mortgages from some of the products for lending in the retail exposure categories. With the consideration of the maximum one million Euros, the exposures to small businesses that are under the management of the retail exposures are also in this category as well (Gibson, 2013). The management of the risk exposures due to retail business may not as such take place due to the influence of banks or on the individual basis for the purposes of evaluation of the potential risks to the business. However, it takes care of the exposures due to groupings that share the same characteristics (Fridson and Alvarez, 2011). As a result, retail exposures may further fall in; Residential mortgage, qualifying revolving exposure, other retail and equity Exposures.
Equity exposures are the direct interests in the assets and the incomes of a financial institution such as the case of the Stetson Company. In addition, it also entails the indirect interests such as the derivatives. An exposure will fall under the category of the Equity Exposure types (Lee, 2006). The return funds invested in the equities may only be attained by the sale or the liquidation of the person or who is responsible for the issuance of the equity
The Hedging Options Available To Stetson
In relation to the financial issues and management, hedgehog is the investment that the company undertakes with the primary objective of reducing or eliminating the risks in another possible investment for the company (Kirk, 2009). Stetson Company may use the below available options of hedging in its operations;
Perfect Hedge
The position that the Stetson Company will take to eliminate the risks of anther available option is the perfect hedge. However, the position will require full 100% negative correlation to the investment for hedging purpose that also in some instances is not easily available. Consequentially, there are either the imperfect or the near perfect hedges that, in this case, do occur at their best to the company (Palepu, 2007).
Equity Hedging
In this case, Stetson may go for its individual hedging of the long stock positions through the option of buying the protective options as long as there is the availability of options for trading the stock available. On the same note, hedging of the entire portfolios against the systematic market risks through the use of the index options may also take place (Ittelson, 2009).
Future Hedging
In this option, the trader has the choice of hedging the positions against the synthetic futures position. Stetson, in this case, may hedge the long futures position with the synthetic short future positions. On the same note, hedging of the short future positions may also take place against the synthetic long futures positions (Palepu, 2007).
Hedging Commodity Price Risk
In the case where the Company may be involved in the production of consumable raw materials, the company may remove the commodity price risk through hedging in the commodity’s future market. However, cases of the short hedges do lock the selling price of a commodity in plan for sale in the future (Ittelson, 2009).
Solution from the Data Given
Sometimes, parties may subject themselves to an agreement of making periodic payments mostly at the maturity of the swap
In the case of the above problem;
Swapped value=$2, 000, 0000
Libor+3 basis points=Libor+0.03%
FTSE=(100-92.75)=7.25%
In this case payment=a floating interest rate=libor+0.03% on 2,000,000
With a libor value of 6%p.a and a swap tenor of 180 days, the floating leg payer/equity receiver would owe:
(6%+0.03)*$2,000,000*180/360=6,030,000
As a result, this is the equity payer/floating leg receiver
At the same date, that is after 180 days, following the appreciation of FTSE by 7.25% from its level at trade commencement, Stetson would owe Harry 7.25%*$2,000,000=$145, 000. However, the FTSE at six month mark fell at 7.25% from the level of trade commencement. In this case, Stetson would owe hurry an additional 7.25%*$2,000,000=$145,000 because there is a negativity in the flow.
Assessment and Evaluation of the Specific Points Raised By Simon In Relation To Developments in the World Financial Markets.
The primary centre of focus of Simon in relation to the development of finance in the world financial markets is the issue of financial capitalism. For instance, financialization usually enhances the talks that primarily dwells on the financial capitalism that occurred at some time ago. During such times, the financial leverage tended to outdo the capital or the equity while the financial markets strived to outwit the dominance of the industrial economy the economics related to agriculture (Previts, Walton and Wolnizer, 2012).
According Simon, financialization is the economic systems that seek to aid in the reduction of all the values exchanged. The values may either be tangible, intangible, future or present promises of a financial instrument. Simon further postulates that the origin of the intent of financialization is to foster the reduction of any activity related to work product or service into an exchangeable financial tool such as the currency. As result, it would make it affordable for individuals in trading with the financial instruments in place (Smith, 2010).
Simon further added that workers through the financial tools such as mortgage may find it possible trade theses premises for future work, wages or homes. As a result, financialization takes care of all the insurance demands from such occasions (Wilson and Adler, 2013).
In the case of the above problem;
Swapped value=$2, 000, 0000
Libor+3 basis points=Libor+0.03%
FTSE=(100-92.75)=7.25%
In this case payment=a floating interest rate=libor+0.03% on 2,000,000
With a libor value of 6%p.a and a swap tenor of 180 days, the floating leg payer/equity receiver would owe:
(6%+0.03)*$2,000,000*180/360=6,030,000
As a result, this is the equity payer/floating leg receiver
At the same date, that is after 180 days, following the appreciation of FTSE by 7.25% from its level at trade commencement, Stetson would owe Harry 7.25%*$2,000,000=$145, 000. However, the FTSE at six month mark fell at 7.25% from the level of trade commencement. In this case, Stetson would owe hurry an additional 7.25%*$2,000,000=$145,000 because there is a negativity in the flow.
Conclusion
The report covers the Stetson Company financial issues. As a result, it gives the true picture of what the company needs to implement in collaborating with the department of finance. Consequentially, the effect of the findings if implemented will become a success to the operation of the company. For instance, the evaluation of the issues touching the currency exchange gives the preview to the company on what place or country to make a choice on for investments purposes. In addition, the issue of risks exposures presents a clear picture of what the threats the company is at during its operation and how to detect them in their occurrences. In so doing, the report further presents the way the manager or the company may manage such risks in the event of their occurrences. Last but not least, the paper also gives the way the Stetson Company react on the issue of hostile bidding process or scenarios. The paper reports majorly on the financial condition of the Stetson Company. As a result, the report, in this case, will serve as a valuable material to both the finance department and the company at large in the assessment of financial issues they face.
Bibliographies
Alexander, D., Britton, A. and Jorissen, A. 2007. International Financial Reporting and Analysis. London: Thomson Learning.
Beattie, V., Fearnley, S. and Hines, T. 2011. Reaching Key Financial Reporting decisions. Chichester, U.K.: John Wiley & Sons.
Clark, D. and Buffett, M. 2014. Warren Buffett and The Interpretation Of Financial Statements. New York: Scribner.
Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. 2008. Financial Accounting and Reporting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
Fridson, M. and Alvarez, F. 2011. Financial Statement Analysis. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.
Gibson, C. 2013. Financial Reporting & Analysis. Mason, Ohio: South-Western.
Hussey, R. 2011. Fundamentals of International Financial Accounting And Reporting. Singapore: World Scientific.
M6A3: Professional Role Socialization Paper
The Associate Degree in NURSING program at Excelsior College is designed for individuals with significant clinical health care experience. This means that all students have provided some aspect of health care for patients. Transitioning to the role of the Professional Nurse requires development of a new framework in your approach to patient care. The process of role transition requires you to reflect on what knowledge and skills you bring as a student and how you transform into the role of the professional nurse. While not all students in the program are licensed PRACTICAL NURSES similarities exist in the evolution of your current position to a new role.
Using APA format, write a six (6) to ten (10) page paper (excludes cover and reference page). A minimum of three (3) current professional references must be provided. Current references include professional publications or valid and current websites dated within five (5) years. Additionally, a textbook that is no more than one (1) edition older than current textbook may be used.
Read the following and then compose your paper:
Chapter 4: Role Transition (Reprinted with permission from: Lora Claywell (2009) LPN to RN Transitions 2nd ed.) St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.)
Ellis & Hartley (10th ed), Nursing in Today’s World. Chapter 1, pp. 26-28, Characteristics of a Profession.
The paper consists of five (5) parts and must be submitted by the close of week six.
Part I: Define professional socialization. Using the criteria for a profession described in the assigned readings, discuss three (3) criteria of the NURSING profession which support professional socialization.
Part II: Refer to the Four Stages of Role Transition listed at the end of the Module Notes for this module. Read and summarize each stage. Then, identify the one stage which you are currently experiencing and support your decision.
Part III: Identify two barriers which may interfere with accomplishing Claywell’s FOURTH stage of role transition. For each barrier, describe two (2) resources to overcome each one. (total of 4 resources).
Part IV: Claywell (2009) discusses 8 areas of differences between the LPN and RN roles: Assessment skills, Patient teaching skills; Communication skills; Educational preparation; Intravenous Therapy; Legal responsibilities; NURSING care planning; Thinking skills. Choose three (3) differences and provide supporting evidence how the differences you selected are implemented AND why they are such an integral part of the RN role.
Part V: Conclusion. Describe your plan for socialization into the role of the professional nurse.
Compose your work using a word processor (or other software as appropriate) and SAVE it frequently to your COMPUTER. Use a 12 font size, double space your work and use APA format for citations, references, and overall format SAMPLE ANSWER
Professional Role Socialization Paper
Professional socialization is process which a LPN must undergo so that she/he becomes a registered nurse. There are two processes. Formal socialization which entails process of planned educative experiences. These include physical assessment, diagnoses, developing patient care plan and patient education. On the other hand, informal socialization entails experiences from the process of learning such as evaluation of laboratory reports before medication administering. For a person to progress to RN, these two types of socialization are necessary. As RN, one is required to do routine exercises. This requires the ability to separate thinking processes from of practicing nurses. The person needs to visualize themselves as a nurse who has the capacity to provide quality care and patient centered care of patients and not just basic care. Therefore, socialization into registered nursing will entail formal and informal lessons, and a change in the process of thinking (Ares, 2014).
Transition from LPN to RN involves role socialization. Role is defined as set of expectations which are defined by the society as ethical or unethical in patient care. Each set of behaviors facilitate the formulation of performance checklist which is used to meet the expectations of the society. The roles of RN are having many elements which bring forth brilliant quality care to patients. Without each of the criteria and the elements, the role of nurses would not be very appealing. One of the most recognized criteria is that RN is a care provider. This entails functions such as screening of the patient, health promotion and establishing effective interventions which will facilitate restoration of the health. This is important because the RN is more frequently exposed to joys or sorrows which are experienced by the family members during the illness. In this case, the RN acts as a counselor. They usually have a scientific educational background which would assist them to adequately identify and promote patients demands (Goodfellow, 2014).
In the increased dynamic healthcare sector, patients are becoming more involved in the healthcare today more than before. This implies that they have to be informed adequately about the health care aspects and those affecting the general republic. The RN has a functional role as an educator. The RN is expected to provide quality care on nutritional, treatments and other information pertinent to healthcare information. This includes community teaching, CPR courses, answering questions on maternal mothers. Again, the nurse acts as a manager. The role of RN includes supervision of the healthcare, planning, and coordination of patients, families and other members of the community. To be effective for this function, one should possess capacity for decision making purposes and ability to solve problems. These are all vital aspects for professional socialization (Claywell, 2009).
Transitional stages
RN professional socialization pathway takes a person through four transition stages before one becomes fully acknowledged as a full Registered nurse. During the program, the student is expected to face some obstacles and challenges; depending on the student’s character about nursing, one may move from one stage to another faster than the peers. The first LPN/LVN to RN stage begins when a nurse enters a completion program for RN i.e. the instant when the nurse considered making an application. This point is characterized by various emotions including joy and fulfillment for facing a new challenge and career progress and worries of failure and not meeting the demands required by the program. At this stage, the student seems to be a bit anxious. At the beginning, the student seems to be skeptical as to actually there is much to be taught about, especially because most have practiced nursing for a long period of time. Some have an attitude because they are overconfident of their abilities and experiences as nurses; thereby challenging the fact that there is much more to learn in nursing (Ares, 2014).
Later in the program, the student enters stage two. This stage is characterized by mixed feelings especially those related to the dissonance of the students’ abilities. As more education material is presented to them, they start viewing nursing education in a new way, a way which they were unfamiliar earlier on. The grading systems changes completely as compared to practical nursing programs. The grading system and requirements are strict and very demanding, this may discourage the student and may feel incapable to successfully complete the program; which may make a student frustrated and very anxious. For instance, when nurse student is on clinical rotations, it is possible to find most of students tend to offer LPN/LVN patient care, and feel inadequate when challenged with ethical dilemma issues (Claywell, 2009).
As a result, the patient possesses self-doubt and high insecurity at this stage of professional socialization. The third stage entails the attitude of letting go the previous ways of thinking; and the acceptance of new way of thinking and behaviors. The nurse students develop new insights into learning needs of a person, and may display willingness to adopt new knowledge in nursing and skills. In this stage, the student seems happy and satisfied in the manner in which they managed to meet the challenge. They also enjoy the new information gained. The students in this stage are less frustrated or getting anxious about their failures, but rather seem to focus on their goal. The student in this stage is more relaxed. Stage Four is the final stage; this stage is described by completely adopting attitudes and incorporates behaviors of a registered nurse in their daily activities. Most students feel more knowledgeable, and often find more pleasure in achieving higher education level. The students at this stage are more prepared to find comprehensive care (Goodfellow, 2014).
Currently, I am in stage three of transition. Though challenging, I have learnt to let go the practical nurse thinking process. For instance, I have learnt that comprehensive care requires critical thinking processes. This is especially when it comes to care planning. As a practical nurse, I was required to only identify common health issues and to participate in helping the patient have better healthcare outcome. However, through the learning process, I have learnt to use the healthcare problems and complications to solve problems by formulating healthcare plan; through establishing mutual benefit with the family, patient and other healthcare teams. Also, as a registered nurse, I have learnt to supervise the implementation of the care plan and to reflect on the outcomes. In this stage, I have learnt that as a RN, I am more oriented to designing, implementation and evaluation of the plan of care, for quality outcome (Ares, 2014).
Fourth transitional stage barrier
Some of the barriers faced by RN during the transition stages include segregation by the peers. This is because the programs teaches one to perceive problems and issues which peers may not perceive. The peers could fell overwhelmed by the immense knowledge the nurse have, and the well-articulated decision making processes. The best resource to address this problem is RN to teach skills taught during the program. This will enhance quality of care in the healthcare facility and also make other LPN/LVN get interested in following the pursuit, consequently, an enhanced care process. The health care facility can also organize nurse empowerment programs, whereby the best LPN nurses are partially sponsored to enroll to the RN program (Goodfellow, 2014).
Secondly, the RN may feel frustrated and overwhelmed due to the over expectations. This is especially when they are assigned the RN roles at place of work such as leadership. Managing interpersonal relationship with other LPN/LVN peers is an issue. Balancing between work attributes and as well lead as a servant could be one barrier. In this case, the program must prepare the student adequately to manage their psychosocial stability. This will ensure that the student does not suffer from emotional outburst. The work environment should be observed to ensure that the nurses advancing their studies are not bullied, sidelined or laid off for unnecessary reasons such as prolonged leave to attend to their program schedules such as practicum (Price, 2009).
Differences in LPN/LVN roles as compared to RN roles
Care planning is among one of the differences between the roles. The process is very important during patient care. Whereas the The practicing nurse role in care planning entails identifying of common patient problems, and helping patients meet their demand; the registered nurses use these challenges to formulate care plans and to empower the patient so as a mutual goal is attained. The RN programs teach on nursing diagnosis process in broader context than in practicing program. The RN tends to be more oriented in designing and implementation process as well as the outcome evaluation and care plan reflection process (Dinmohammadi, Peyrovi, & Mehrdad, 2013).
Legal responsibilities are also roles which LP/LVN and RN differ significantly. In some cases, the practicing nurse could be put in charged in areas where RNs roles are required, including long term healthcare facility. The practicing nurse is able to meet this challenge because they do have little preparation and background in management theory. Roles such as team leader, managerial tasks, nurse administrator and charge nurse are often accorded to registered nurses because their experiences and education background have prepared them sufficiently for such tasks. In other word, the situations which demand higher level of thinking processes and judgment are given to RN (Kramer, Et al., 2011).
Communication skills are necessary for all nurses, irrespective of their level i.e. registered or practicing nurses. Therapeutic communication is normally introduced at LPN/LVN level with the aim of preparing the students to effectively interact the healthcare team and the patients. However, due to the limited time, the topic is not taught extensively. On the other hand, the registered nurses are taught on how to handle abnormal and normal communication processes, especially when making patient physical assessment. The RN are also given chance to interact with patients with behavioral issues and complications. To ensure that the nurses complete courses in communication, the RN is also required to complete psychology courses as well as sociology courses. This ensures that they have a better understanding of behavioral cues which might communicate important clues to communication (Farrell, Payne, & Heye, 2015).
These three aspects indicate how RN and LPN/LN are differently prepared to deal with the patient. This does not imply that some nurses are equal than others. No, practicing nurse is equal to RN, irrespective of the licensure. However, it is important for a practicing nurse who is undergoing transition to registered nurse differentiate roles between the two nursing concepts, and be in a position to adopt the new ways of thinking on nursing care. This will involve the nurse developing eagerness attitude and be willing to assume new roles and responsibilities; this also ensures that the nurse sees the real benefits for advancing their education level (Ares, 2014).
Conclusion
Given these implications, the student should honor the feelings of legitimacy developed during the transition process. The student should ensure that they use any opportunities available to interact with the instructors and RN at work place in order to understand the experiences. The student should strive to evaluate their progress; they should feel different about themselves. The student should also strive to achieve the learning goals and integrate the new experiences in their day to day activities. Although challenging, the student should be trained to be make critical decision making and process. This makes them reason before acting on something, making the person evaluate the best intervention as evidenced by research. As a nurse student, it is their responsibility to continue researching and to continue to gain as much knowledge as possible through the guidance of RN seniors and the RN professors in the university.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Hi there,
Can you please start doing Section 1 first? I would like to see how it works.
I will email you some useful articles that may relate to my final paper.
Thank you very much,
SAMPLE ANSWER
Section 1
Be that as it may, there are quite a number of steps that can be categorically considered in conceptualizing the ideological construct of an assessment process. The paper examines five key steps to define clearly and establish an evaluation process by demonstrating the credibility on how the organization capacity can be exclusively managed.On same note, the idea of establishing the creation of assessment process has not only helped large non-profit organizations realize success but has also enabled such organizations perform in the competitive environment (Argote, 2012). An ideal case study for this concern is the YMCA organization. The underlying key steps considered in this paper include: Becoming well acquainted with the organization’s structure,Evaluation of organization’s capacity or assessment survey. It also provide insights Virtual focus group,involving the ideology of key informant interviews and taking an active part in the sites visits (Armstrong & Taylor, 2014).
Step 1: Becoming well acquainted with the organization’ structure, culture, and assessment requirements
This first step conceptualizes the social construct of developing a comprehensive assessment process. This step explicitly establishes an idealistic understanding of the culture of the organization and the assessment protocols, particularly through developing an ideal platform for scrutiny concern in the context of the capacity of the organization. This concern has been quite essential in helping large non-profit organizations such as YMCA establish a high level management of capacity development (Burgelman, 2012). A comprehensive study of the culture and organization’s ability will conceptualize an ideal general sense to further refine a modality that will meet the organizations’ goals and objectives. Ideally this could help offer an alternative solution to issues surrounding the authenticity of the organization’s structure and culture. This first step creates the way for the organization to understand the reasons as to why they want to take part and engage in the assessment process. This step will ensure capacity building at the initial stages of the assessment process that definitely gives hope to realize success at the end of the assessment process (Malen et al., 2015). On the same note, the first step gives an objective opinion to fully develop a deeper comprehension of the organization culture and sustainability practices. This creates an ideal platform to ensuring future certainty in the evaluation of the future capacity assessment and organizational success. As observed by Grant et al.(2004), the social perception of becoming well acquainted with the organization culture and structure enables the organization to successfully determine its area of strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, the first step enables the organization’s personnel to come to friendly terms in pinpointing on the considerable framework and modalities for carrying out a convincing capacity assessment process (Gold & Arvind, 2001).
Step 2: An evaluation of the capacity/assessment survey
This step considers the ideological construct of carrying out the implementation and thorough scrutiny of the capacity assessment survey. This step conceptualizes the objective opinion of selecting a survey tool as the primary data collection technique. This objective definitely defends the idea that surveys are a cost-friendly modality for getting recommendable communicable information from a large population (Jamalli et al., 2015). Realistically, assessment survey comes out as the only ideal option in the evaluation of the capacity assessment process. This is because it establishes the opportunity of accessing a larger sample that will convincingly act as an idealistic representative of the entire organization’s ability, considering the limiting factors such as resource constraints and time(Cummings &Worley, 2014). Most notably, it is quite essential to consider the fact that the content of the survey tool can be amended dependingon the urgency and the purpose of the information describing the type of study and the outcome evaluation. The assessment survey considers the application of data management systems and the use of logic theory to explicitly carryout a substantive outcome scrutiny that would ensure participant’s satisfaction (Mills & Smith, 2011).
Step 3: Virtual Focus Group
The ideological notion of considering the essentiality of virtual focus group is to; adequately establish an objective opinion to fully take note of the factors that pose greater influence on the evaluation of the survey results at a significantly lower capacity. In as much as traditional focus groups has been applied in the previous researches, the concept of the focus group come out as an idealistic modality of taking note of the organization perception and beliefs, particularly in situations involving evaluation of capacity assessment (Grant & Baden-Fuller, 2004). The virtual focus group gives the organizations’ personnel the audacity to build trust on one another, through lively discussions. And this objectively plays a significant role in helping the organization realize success in the competitive environment(Grant et al., 2004). Realistically, the consideration of virtual focus groups in the creation of the assessment process help in the quick collection of qualitative information from the multiple personnel within the organization. This considerably would tremendously contribute to the time and the cost needed in conducting and creation of the assessment process (Malen et al., 2015). The consideration of the of virtual focus group in the creation of the assessment process is perceived as a low evaluation capacity. Since the groups will not only base their arguments on their own perspective but also consider other opinions from different responses, particularly in situations where their competency I’d doubted in the evaluation of topics.
Step 4: Key/ chief informant interviews
The key informant interviews, as the fourth step is always perceived as one-on-one interrogation. Where, the personnel of the selected organization are put to task in the evaluation of the capacity of assessment of the organization in question. Collectively, this step offers a confidential platform for addressing the areas that need evaluation for the organization to realize success at the initial stages of assessment creation(Burgelman, 2012). Interviews are selected as a requisite modality for providing an in-depth communicable information as they gauge the capacity of the understanding of assessment creation and the terminologies conceptualized in the survey. Key informant interviews are most commonly selected to define the essentiality of medium size (Grant et al., 2004).This notion provides a friendly overview of the idealistic opportunities to gather numerous and rich qualitative to address the ideology of assessment creation extensively. Realistically, this will give space to share diverse information with regards to assessment creation and evaluation strategies. Hence the step serves as a communicable theory and a model for assessment creation and capacity building.
Step 5: Site visits
Site visits are primarily preferred in the assessment creation as it tends to gather and presents a detailed data concerning the operations of the organizations’ activities from multiple personnel in a broad range of functions and idealistic roles. In view of the previous researches, site visits has been extensively perceived as a recommendable data collection modality(Gold & Arvind, 2001). These visits ensures high capacity building and creates an ideal platform to exclusively conceptualize models and approaches in validating the credibility of establishing assessment evaluation process(Grant et al., 2004).
Section 2
Variables that influence organization’s capacity
In view of the previous researchers, exclusive establishment and management of the organization’s ability basically depends on the competence, leadership skills and potential, functional collaboration with other agencies and effective management.Realistically, the essence of considering competency in outlining and defining the performance of an organization helps spans the sense of responsibility to explicitly establish an idealistic mechanism for addressing the organization drawbacks(Grant & Baden-Fuller, 2004). The idea of considering highly skilled and competitive leaders in the management of the organization helps create an idealistic patterns of relationships to effective come up with an objective opinion on how to deliver quality service(Gold & Arvind, 2001). The ideological construct of the shared leadership and collaboration helps establish a formal technique of task sharing and coordination that would enable the organization to realize success. Additionally, efficient management creates an ideal platform for the organization to consider independence as a number one priority in its endeavors for economic performance and quality service delivery.
Analysis and conceptualization of the advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing, alliances and partnership in building organization agility and capacity
In view of the benefits of outsourcing and partnership in developing the organizations’ capacity, the idea of shared leadership potential come out to be quite essential to establishing the fact that two heads are better than one. On the same note, if the knowledge and competency are borrowed from a different organization, the high sense of opportunity for income splitting is developed. Ideally this would create a chance for resultant tax savings(Argote, 2012). In addition, the idea of collaborating or rather outsourcing would ensure an easier modality to change the organizations’ legal structure in a situation where circumstances do not go as expected. Another advantage of alliances in building the capacity of the organization is that there is limited external regulation, particularly in handling matters pertaining to policy enactment (Jamali et al., 2015).
In view of the disadvantages of outsourcing, partnership and alliances, the liability of the two collaborating parties regarding the debts of the organization is unlimited. On the same note, unions are liable for their debts in the partnership pact as well as the being liable for all the incurred debts in the organization. When such situations are experienced, there are typically high risks of disagreements between the two collaborating parties. Ideally this would affect the quality of economic performance in the competitive environment (Cummings & Worley, 2014). Another disadvantage that come out quite significantly is experienced in situations where individuals may want to join or leave the alliance. In such situations, all the parties will to value all the alliance assets this would be quite costly.
Variables that impact and influence the potential models of partnership
There are quite a number of variables that would exclusively pose an impact on the essentiality of cooperation and alliances. The first variable to adequately address this concern is the size of an organization. Most notably, a larger will develop a higher sense of coordination. Articulate sense of coordination ensures active participation of the decision makers in all the departments of the organizations (Argote, 2012). Hence, when the organization is large there is high possibility that it has several professional with various skills and competence. And this will help boost human capital development and maintain the outstanding performance of the organization in the competitive environment. The culture of the organization also plays an essential role in influencing the potential theories of partnership. When business culture is deeply rooted in the skills and professionalism creation, it will be highly profitable and competitive and most organizations would want to be associated with it. Additionally, the mission of the organization also speaks a lot under the umbrella of ensuring quality service delivery and employment creation (Burgelman, 2012). This is because it creates an ideal platform for the collaborating parties to come together and present an objective opinion to adequately address the concern of capacity development.
Models that HR considers in assessing different types of partnerships
There are two major models that the HR considers in evaluating different types of partnerships. The first model that is considered is the theory of group behavior. Most human resource managers consider the ideological construct of group behavior to adequately enable them create an ideal platform for assessing different types of partnerships (Gold &Arvind, 2001). This model focuses on shared leadership potential significantly to avert the challenges that arise in situation where the competency of the personnel is doubted. The second model that is considered is theory of group development. A comprehensive conceptualization of this model helps the business partners to consider transformative social change that would adequately enable them to set up realistic goals and objectives and become very competitive in the market.
Conclusion
The idea of becoming well acquainted with the structure and the culture of the organization needs to be accorded requisite attention. This is because it has always established an ideal platform for capacity development for most organization since the dawn of time. In view of the previous researches, the fundamental idea of taking an active part and engaging in the evaluation creation has always enabled most organization across the globe to realize success in the competitive environment. Hence, the need for current organizations to engage in the evaluation process by taking note of the data collection modalities such involving focus groups and taking part in the assessment survey is inevitable.
References
Argote, L. (2012). Organizational learning: Creating, retaining and transferring knowledge. Springer Science & Business Media.
Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2014). Armstrong’s handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers.
Burgelman, R. A. (2012). Managing the internal corporate venturing process. Sloan Management Review (Winter 1984).
Cummings, T., & Worley, C. (2014). Organization development and change. Cengage learning.
Grant, R.M. and Baden-Fuller, C. (2004), “A knowledge-accessing theory of strategic alliances”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 41 No. 1, pp. 61-84.
Gold, A. H., & Arvind Malhotra, A. H. S. (2001). Knowledge management: An organizational capabilities perspective. Journal of management information systems, 18(1), 185-214.
Jamali, D. R., El Dirani, A. M., & Harwood, I. A. (2015). Exploring human resource management roles in corporate social responsibility: the CSR‐HRM co‐creation model. Business Ethics: A European Review.
Mills, A. M., & Smith, T. A. (2011). Knowledge management and organizational performance: a decomposed view. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(1), 156-171
Malen, B., Rice, J. K., Matlach, L. K., Bowsher, A., Hoyer, K. M., & Hyde, L. H. (2015). Developing Organizational Capacity for Implementing Complex Education Reform Initiatives Insights From a Multiyear Study of a Teacher Incentive Fund Program. Educational Administration Quarterly, 51(1), 133-176.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
This is the case study of the subject comprehensive nursing, which is due on 18th of march
Scenario is Mrs Alright is a 77 years old lady who has been brought in by ambulance after being found on the floor by her carer this morning.
She had a fall last night while mobilizing to the toilet
and mechanism of falls looks like she tripped on the corner of a mat in the hallway. found in the hallway on the floorboards.
Pre medical history (from carer)
Type 1 diabetic on insulin Hypertension Hyperlipidaemia Osteoporosis
Recent UTI on ABS ( EColi) AMI 2007
CABGs 2008
CCF
O/E
Obvious facial lacerations above R) eyebrow and across bridge of nose
Left wrist deformity from FOOSH
LHS hip pain, leg shortened and internally rotated? # NOF Bruising to LHS of leg and face
Patient confused and complaining of nausea
Small bedside patient
Pain assessment _ not able to ascertain but vocalizes on movement Diaphoretic
Fruity odour to breathe noted
BASELINE OBSERVATIONS Temperature 35.2 C
Bp 100/55
RR 25 bpm deep and rapid breathing BSL 15 mm
HR 130 bpm
Capillary refill 4 secs/ sluggish
Questions to answer for the case study are
1. list two most likely nursing diagnosis for Mrs Alright and list one reason from the clinical information that leads you to believe this?
2. Due to Mrs Aright’s PMH, identify two potential complications of her fall
3. List two clinical interventions that you would prioritize for Mrs Alright and list one physiological reason each intervention?
4. List two chronic conditions of Mrs Alright that may have caused her fall and list one pathophysiological reason that leads you to believe this?
5. List two reasons why a 77 year old lady is more risk of sustaining a fracture after a fall?
Scenario
MRS Alright is now stable enough for surgery and goes to theatre at 0700 for an ORIF of her right hip. She RTW at 1100 after being stabilized in recovery. You are the nurse looking after her for the rest of your shift. Mrs Alright is complaining of sever pain in RHS
6. List two questions you would ask when assessing this patient’s pain levels?
7. List two ways in which a cognitively impaired patient who is unable to communicate, express that they were in pain?
Scenario
Post operatively the patient has a PCA for pain management
with morphine. This is set at an infusion rate of 2 ml/hr. the infusion has been made up with 100 mg of morphine in 50 ml. Ms Alright is complaining of severe pain in her RHS and the anesthetist has ordered a 5 mg bolus to be given.
8. list two benefits and two risk factors for Mrs Alright caused by the pharmacological actions of morphine?
9. Identify two degenerative changes that occur in the elderly and explain how those changes may cause a pathophysiological response to morphine?
10. state two clinical interventions as your priority for Mrs Alright while on her PCA?
THE FIRST ASSIGNMENT, WHICH IS CASE SCENARIO IS
1 TO 5 QUESTIONS ARE FOR 200 WORDS
6 TO 10 QUESTIONS ARE 200 WORDS
APA style
THE LINK TO THE WEBSITE F0R MORE INFORMATION IS federation university library only for referencing
THREE REFERENCES REQUIRED
ONE OF THEM SHOULD BE FROM BOOK medical surgical nursing (LEMONE AND BURKE )
SAMPLE ANSWER
The two possible diagnoses for Alright may be acute pain and fluid volume deficit. The patient is suffering from osteoporosis since she fell, she may be experiencing pain (Buffum et al., 2007, p. 325). Additionally the patient may be experiencing fluid volume deficit since she has low blood pressure, rapid and deep breathing, and she is also nauseated (Whitney and Rolfes, 2011, p. 45).
From her past medical history, she was found to have suffered from osteoporosis. Patients suffering from osteoporosis normally have problems with their skeleton due to weakening of bones. This condition is characterized by low bone mass, and bone tissue is known to undergo microarchitectural deterioration. The fragility of the bone increases and the bones fail to bear weight. As such, the victim may fall with a small trip since the legs cannot support the weight (Buffum et al., 2007, p. 325). Mrs. Alright may also have fallen due to lack of energy. The level of hydration may be low and thus prevent generation of enough energy (Whitney and Rolfes, 2011, p. 65).
I would prioritize oral rehydration for the patient using oral rehydration salts (Whitney and Rolfes, 2011, p. 67). Due to the pain that Mrs. Alright may be experiencing, I would consider the administration of naproxen. This drug is a pain reliever and will be effecting in easing the pain experienced by the patient (Burke and LeMOne, 2013, p. 65).
One of the chronic conditions is type 1 diabetes under which the patient is on treatment using The patient may risk suffering from insulin shock. The level of blood glucose may drop causing a consequent reduction in energy produced in the cells. Muscle cells weaken and thus fail to support the body to regain its upright position in the event of tripping (Whitney and Rolfes, 2011, p. 49). Osteoporosis is also another chronic condition that may be attributed to the patients` fall. This condition is associated with thinning and weakening of bones. Bone fractures may also occur with initial falling. The patient may have fallen because the thin and weak bones failed to support her weight during tripping (Buffum et al., 2007, p. 325).
Women aged 77 years may sustain fractures after a fall because the weakening of their bones, which is associated with increased Additionally, at this age, such women do not exercise a lot to strengthen their bones. Therefore, their bones become fragile and thus can fracture easily (Dagenais and Haldeman, 2012, p. 234).
The two questions are:
Where is your pain?
What makes your pain worse?
The common pain behavior for cognitively impaired include:
Facial expressions like frowning
Verbal expressions like sighing (Buffum et al., 2007, p. 316).
The use of morphine may be associated with benefits like:
The patient may experience a faster relief of pain
The chances of being dependent on morphine are reduced
The risks may include:
Heightened feeling of nausea
She may also experience increased sweating
The process of degeneration of the inter-vertebral disc is common among the elderly. Degeneration of the inter-vertebral disc is associated with problems in the spine resulting in the development of back pain, which is known to spread to the buttocks, as well as the thigh region. Morphine is generally used as medication for easing this pain. Pain is experienced daily as degeneration of discs occurs due to repeated daily stresses. The regular use of morphine to ease pain results in morphine dependence. Osteoporosis is also another example of degeneration of bones among the elderly. Continued use of morphine containing drugs may lead to morphine dependence (Dagenais and Haldeman, 2012, p. 234).
While Alright is on PCA for management of postoperative pain, I would prioritize administration of morphine at 5 mL/hr infusion rate. The infusion will contain 50 mg of morphine in 25 ml of fluid. I will also consider administration of paracetamol currently with infusion of morphine via PCA (Burke and LeMOne, 2013, p. 78).
Concepts of privacy and dignity found in outcome 3.6 in nursing
Order Instructions:
This assignment is from the subject health and ageing Essay topic is
The Australian aged care quality agency identifies 44 expected outcomes across four standards. The third standard outlines ten outcomes in regard to the care recipient’s life style.
Discuss the concepts of privacy and dignity found in outcome 3.6 using the scholarly literature to support your conclusions. Identify the ways in which the registered nurse can safeguard these rights and why it is essential that this occur?
Length is 2000 words
Require minimum 20 relevant references from variety of resources. APA style
THE LINK TO THE WEBSITE FOR MORE INFORMATION IS federation university library only for referencing
SAMPLE ANSWER
Concepts of privacy and dignity
Introduction
The Australian agency for aged care acknowledges the need for privacy and dignity in order to improve the patient outcomes. The agency’s insists that patient dignity must be respected. However, findings indicate that patients (the elderly in particular) are increasingly vulnerable in care settings. The studies also illustrates that the lack of privacy in healthcare settings threaten patients dignity. Healthcare staffs who are curt or authoritative threaten patient’s dignity (Lyttle &Ryan, 2010).
Studies indicate that good healthcare environments, one which promotes patient’s privacy and dignity culture would make patients feel more comfortable and improve their health outcomes. This is because patients –healthcare provider relationships and care settings environs influence the patients’ healthcare (Hesse, 2012). For these reasons, this paper evaluates the importance of maintaining privacy and dignity for the aged, in improving their quality of life. The paper will explore the topic by examining the pieces of literature available of impact of privacy and dignity in improving patient’s outcomes; legislation and professional regulations particularly for the elderly; explore the role of nurses in ensuring that privacy and dignity are sustainably practiced.
Privacy and dignity concepts
Privacy and confidentiality include all the relevant duties in ensuring that patient’s information including health diagnosis, prognosis, family history and drug use are protected. The patient’s cultural contexts values, decisions and information must be treated with respect. The regulations require that the patient’s information must not be disclosed without the patient’s consent. Privacy also refers that the patients autonomy. The patient should be in a position to make decisions with minimal interference or coerced to make decision by the healthcare provider or the relatives. It is supposed to ensure that patients must have the right to exert full control of their healthcare decisions (Gaffney, Johnston, & Buchanan, 2014). It includes deciding on who should access their health information. The Australian agency concepts on privacy regulate the distribution of electronic data. These rights should never be over looked. However, most healthcare providers and relatives often disregard the importance of this for the elderly. Privacy and confidentiality really affects the patients; by keeping their information in privacy makes the elderly feel that they are appreciated. The healthcare provider should not assume that the elderly patients want their healthcare information shared with his/her relatives. The desire to keep healthcare information private does not decrease with age (Lin, Tsai & Chen, 2011).
Again, the Australian healthcare policy has much rhetoric on concepts of dignity. There have been increased reports on ageism, indignity and care deficits in healthcare services. Nevertheless, the importance of dignity when dealing with the aged people cannot be overlooked. Dignity in care provision is not a new aspect. It can be traced back to the great philosophers such as the Aristotle. The first statement which integrated dignity in healthcare was in 1948 during the Declaration of Human rights in the U.S. Since then, there has been increased attention to dignity in care settings particularly in the health care settings. Diverging approaches to the concept of dignity results to varying understanding of the concept. Philosophically, dignity refers to the feeling of worth or valued. Aristotle’s definition of dignity refers to the virtue which results to human eudemonia (happiness). In this case, if the person have little self-worth they may not be happy. Kant defined dignity as an intrinsic value which is priceless. In both Kant and Aristotle definition, dignity is a human virtue which is associated with rationality or autonomy (Hughes, 2011).
Dignity can be subcategorized into three sections. The first dignity is the dignity of merit. This includes respect and value held for people who have higher status in the society. A status is a position that is highly valued by others such as a governor, bishop etc. The next dignity is that of moral status. It entails moral autonomy and integrity. This implies that if a person lives according to their moral principles, then they develop a sense of self-respect and self-worth (Taylor &Brian, 2014). The last dignity is that of identity. This paper focuses on this dignity which reflects self-respect and identity to people. This is violated via physical interference which negatively impacts emotional and psychological values. In this framework, dignity is an inherent characteristic which should be present in everyone. Nurses are expected to serve the elderly with uniqueness and autonomy. It is associated with concepts of honor and respect. Care for the elderly presents unique challenge in the promotion and sustenance of dignity in the daily care provision to the patient (Baillie, 2009).
The older people are vulnerable. Some may have health issues which put them to higher risks of death. The dignity challenges experienced by the elderly in care settings includes under treatment of people suffering from chronic illness. In other cases, the patients are over treated that can be difficult to identify, thereby highlighting the need to integrate a family centered care approach. By totally dependent on the nurses, the elderly patients can experience shame and indignity. They often feel like they have totally lost control of their lives which could result to deterioration. This causes the elderly feels like they have lost hope. There is increased threat to their personal integrity (Fischer & Schenkman, 2011).
Role of the nurse in maintain dignity
The healthcare staff attitudes and behavior are key elements towards maintaining positive relations to the elderly patients and to empower their feelings of self-worth. The key elements of providing the care includes attentive care which results to respectful patient- nurse relations. Integrating elderly when making health care decisions is important because it makes them have sense of control over their lives (Neir, 2013). The nurse providing care should listen attentively to the older people desires, value and respect them. This includes preserving their privacy during personal care and other health care services. Individualized care and acknowledgement of the good memories would increase patient’s dignity considerably (Brennan, 2014). Providing quality care when sustaining dignity in elderly people could be challenging. Old age is frequently associated with memory loss. This threatens sense of personal integrity making the patient more confused. This loss of cognitive function makes the patients more irritable which manifests themselves as reduced cooperation and stubbornness. This is because they feel as a burden and embarrassment to the family. However, coherent communication with the patients can take the negative emotions way.
In terms of sustaining dignity in the elderly, the nurses have a big role to play. The first step in sustaining dignity is by understanding the patient as a unique entity. The nurse should understand the patient’s cultural contexts which could impede delivery of quality care (Venturato, 2010). Valuing the patient’s attributes and beliefs will make the patient feel appreciated; thereby enhance their dignity. This improves the connection between elderly patients and the staff. Helping the patient retain the reduced sense of autonomy enhances the patient’s sense of dignity. The patients should be supported and encouraged to participate in group activities, this enhances the patient’s sense of autonomy (Oeffner Et al, 2011). The staff attitudes and behavior concerns the elderly person perception about dignity. If the nurse shows reduced or lack of respect, intolerance or increasingly impatient can reduce the elderly persons sense of identity. Staff attitudes influence the patient’s outcome considerably. One survey indicated that use of endearments are patronizing and demeaning to the patient. Use of proper names and language indicates empathy and respect, indicating that the nurse knows the individual she is dealing with (Morris, 2012).
Despite the decreased cognitive function, the nurse’s goals should be heightening the patient’s sense of purpose. This could be achieved by setting goals and achievements within their social group. Such approaches makes the elderly patients retain their sense of independence. Consequently, the maintaining of the functional status ensures that self-esteem is improved. In cases where the patients have completely lost sense of dependence, providing treatment in pleasant environs and constant presence of friendly healthcare providers can enhance the patient’s dignity. The friendly environment bestows the feeling of safety, belonging and continuity (Pirhonen, 2014). Environmental set up of the healthcare facility influences patient’s perception of dignity and self-worth. This mainly pertains to the physical environment. For example, how accessible is the lavatory, does the facilities have mixed sex wards or are the wards separated and hygiene well kept. Unsatisfactory environment is associated with reduced recognition of the patient value. For instance, if physical evaluations are conducted in public, a shabby ward facility, unhygienic lavatory among others reduces identity dignity. This is because it violates personal space and humiliates the elderly persons. In such type of environments, the hospitalized patient falls reports are considerably high which increases chances of emergency visits (Tadd, Vanlaere, & Gastmans, 2010).
Importance of privacy and dignity in healthcare
In one study entitled dignity and older people indicated that people of all ages have needs for dignity. Dignity is importance across all health care settings including the acute care and long term health care settings. Most studies indicate that where there is loss of privacy and dignity, the older patients are negatively affected. The impacts results to increased psychosocial disorders such as anxiety and distress (Vorster, 2012). Dignity is one of the virtues used by patients in rating the health care facilities. A survey conducted in U.S. on 27, 414 patients after discharge indicated that their confidence and trust in health care professionals was influenced by respect and dignity accorded during care. Approximately, 85% patients from the study reported that being treated with dignity was associated with patient satisfaction. Another study assessed nurse’s experiences in promoting patient’s dignity. The study found that nurses provided quality care by defending patient’s quality had increased career satisfaction. Dignity is connected to self-esteem. How a person is treated results to a more profound effect (Papastavrou, 2012).
Evidently, dignity promotion in elderly care is fundamental. Four attributes have been identified as the driving force towards dignity including; individualized care, respect, sensitive listening and advocacy. Nurses should identify each patient’s unique needs and demands (Welford Et al, 2012). This implies making the patient to actively be involved in decision making processes. Individuality is also enhanced through listening of the patient’s life experiences and views about their healthcare. One intervention that has been found to be effective intervention is reminiscence. This encourages the elderly patient to discuss about their real life experiences. This attribute is also very important when relating to the wide range of specific activities (Gallagher Et al., 2008). These activities include when doing regular activities such as bathing, dressing toileting among others. Where patients are left to soil their beds, not assisted during feeding or are put in areas where there is limited privacy reduces elderly perception on dignity. Nurses should learn to attend even to small details of care or patients preferences. Showing respect to the elderly preserves patient’s dignity. This includes respecting the communicated traditional values and believes. This can be enhanced by providing small space where the patient can bring cultural symbols. This makes the elderly person feel appreciated and at home. It is the nurse’s role to ensure that the patient’s rights are protected. This is especially if the patient mental capacity is reduced (Sauchaud Et al, 2013).
Conclusion
The challenges attributed to providing privacy and dignified care to the elderly patients has been discussed. The empirical data supporting the findings have been indicated. The increased debates and raised concerns by the patients about health care service delivery have raised attention in health care organizations. This paper has highlighted the role of nurses in ensuring that privacy and dignity is sustained during care provision of the elderly. To integrate dignity and privacy in the daily nursing practice, the healthcare provider must focus on the aforementioned attributes including; healthcare environment, staff behavior and attitude, cultural competence and special care activities. However, where an elderly person chooses to disregard the convectional standard such as hygiene, and efforts to persuade them to bath are futile; then the nurse is permitted to act according to the patent’s best interests. This calls for reaching equilibrium between autonomy and potential health risks due to self-neglect.
Fisher, B., & Schenkman, M. (2011). Functional Recovery of a Patient With Anorexia Nervosa: Physical Therapist Management in the Acute Care Hospital Setting. Physical Therapy, 92(4), 595-604. https://www.doi:10.2522/ptj.20110187
Gaffney, M., Johnston, B., & Buchanan, D. (2014). Using the “patient dignity question” as a person-centred intervention for patients with palliative care needs in an acute hospital setting. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care, 4(Suppl 1), A13-A14. https://www.doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000654.36
Gallagher, A., Li, S., Wainwright, P., Jones, I., & Lee, D. (2008). Dignity in the care of older people – a review of the theoretical and empirical literature. BMC Nurs, 7(1), 11. doi:10.1186/1472-6955-7-11
Hesse, L. (2012). Education and Communication: Improving Patient Safety and Increasing Employee Knowledge in an Acute Hospital Setting. American Journal Of Infection Control, 40(5), e103. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2012.04.177
Hughes, G. (2011). The concept of dignity in the universal declaration of human rights. Journal Of Religious Ethics, 39(1), 1-24. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9795.2010.00463.x
Lin, Y., Tsai, Y., & Chen, H. (2011). Dignity in care in the hospital setting from patients perspectives in Taiwan: a descriptive qualitative study. Journal Of Clinical Nursing, 20(5-6), 794-801. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03499.x
Lyttle, D., & Ryan, A. (2010). Factors influencing older patients participation in care: a review of the literature. International Journal Of Older People Nursing, 5(4), 274-282. doi:10.1111/j.1748-3743.2010.00245.x
Morris, J. (2012). Ensuring dignity in the care of older people. BMJ, 344(jan26 2), e533-e533. doi:10.1136/bmj.e533
Neier, A. (2013). Between Dignity and Human Rights. Dissent, 60(2), 60-65. doi:10.1353/dss.2013.0031
Oeffner, J., Aker, K., Brillhart, D., & Natale, J. (2011). A Medically Complex Patient after Quadruple Amputation: A Case Study Examining the Provision of Acute Rehabilitation in the Acute Hospital Setting. Journal Of Acute Care Physical Therapy, 2(3), 122. doi:10.1097/01592394-201102030-00014
Papastavrou, E. (2012). Respecting Human Dignity through Individualized Care. J Nursing Care, 01(04). doi:10.4172/2167-1168.1000e104
Pirhonen, J. (2014). Dignity and the capabilities approach in long-term care for older people. Nursing Philosophy, 16(1), 29-39. doi:10.1111/nup.12057
Sauchaud, L., Goulet, C., Morin, D., & Mazzocato, C. (2013). Advance care planning for institutionalised older people: an integrative review of the literature. International Journal Of Older People Nursing, 9(2), 159-168. doi:10.1111/opn.12033
Tadd, W., Vanlaere, L., & Gastmans, C. (2010). Clarifying the Concept of Human Dignity in the Care of the Elderly. Ethical Perspectives, 17(2), 253-281. doi:10.2143/ep.17.2.2049266
Taylor, H., & Bryan, K. (2014). Palliative cancer patients in the acute hospital setting – Physiotherapists attitudes and beliefs towards this patient group. Progress In Palliative Care, 22(6), 334-341. doi:10.1179/1743291x14y.0000000105
Venturato, L. (2010). Dignity, dining and dialogue: reviewing the literature on quality of life for people with dementia. International Journal Of Older People Nursing, 5(3), 228-234. doi:10.1111/j.1748-3743.2010.00236.x
Vorster, N. (2012). The relationship between human and non-human dignity. Scriptura, 104(0), 406. doi:10.7833/104-0-180
Welford, C., Murphy, K., Rodgers, V., & Frauenlob, T. (2012). Autonomy for older people in residential care: a selective literature review. International Journal Of Older People Nursing, 7(1), 65-69. doi:10.1111/j.1748-3743.2012.00311.x
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
This assessment is Pass/Fail. Students must submit by uploading your reflection to your Professional Portfolio to pass this unit. See “how to upload” ‘How to copy an ePortfolio” in Mahara (LEO). See marking rubic in Unit Outline.
Length and/or format: 1,000 words (+/- 10%)
Assessment Task:
Identify and discuss the assessments and nursing interventions when caring for a patient who has just returned from the Post Anaesthetic Care Unit (PACU) with a PCA and an abdominal wound.
After watching the video, reflect on the nursing care given to the patient in the video. When writing the guided reflection, consider the following questions:
1. Identify the assessments performed. Were these assessments adequately prioritised?
2. How effective was the communication between the two nurses? Did it promote teamwork?
3. How effective was the communication between the nurses and the patient?
4. Identify the post -op orders. Were all of these discussed?
5. Based on literature, are there any recommendations to improve for future practice?
SAMPLE ANSWER
Guided Reflection of the video “Receiving a patient to the ward from PACU”
Introduction
Nurses have a duty to ensure that patients receive quality care to enhance their recovery. Patients have to understand assessment procedures and interventions as they provide care to patients that have come from post anesthesia care unit (PACU) with abdominal pain and PCA. This paper is a reflection on the role and behaviors of nurses that receive patient in the ward from PACU behave. It as well deliberates on various aspects relating to communication and post op orders among others.
In this video, nurses in charge of the patient performed various assessments to ensure that the patient was in a stable condition. On arrival in the PACU the nurse re-evaluated the patient and provided a verbal report to the nurse in charge. The nurses recorded the vital signs and blood oxygenation saturation every after a duration of time. They also assessed the blood pressure, pulse rate and respiratory rate of the patient. They as well measured the patient temperature. The nurses as well monitored on various aspects such as pain, central venous pressure and intracranial pressure. The nurse as well checked whether the patient was breathing normally. The nurses checked the blood pressure of the patient using a blood pressure cuff to ensure the she was in a stable condition. They also placed a warm blanket around the body of the patient to enhance warmth. They also checked and assessed the condition of the bandages on the areas of the body that had injuries such as the legs and the abdominal to ensure that they were in better condition. They also ensured that the patient controlled analgesia (PCA) used for pain control was functioning well. The patient uses the PCA to self-dose pain-relieving medication by pushing a bottom. The PCA is computerized to provide small pain dosage. The assessments conducted on the patients were prioritized to ensure that the patient recover well.
These assessments were adequately prioritized because the nurse in charge complied with the requirements on how patients from PACU should be treated. The nurses had assembled and correctly completed documentation to provide insights on the progress of the patient. There were a lengthy discussions and directives between the two nurses. The other nurse from PACU on the status of the patient briefed the receiving nurse and kept on directing and assisting the ward nurses on the procedures. The handover was therefore done well hence contributing to proper assessments by the receiving nurse.
Communication is one of the most important aspects when providing care to patients. Through communication, people get to understand one another and help to create a conducive environment to work as a team. The communication between the nurses was effective as they worked together as a team. They were audible in their conversation and allowed each one to speak before one could interrupt. This therefore enhanced their level of communication. They also listened keenly to one another and followed directives as given. They also maintained good eye contact and used gestures sparingly to bolster their communication something that made them to move on the save level. Communication promoted teamwork since they understood their role in providing care to the patients and this minimized conflicts but instead helped them to provide quality services to the patient (Reynolds, 2010). The receiving nurse in the conversation asked various orders about the patient receiving care. One of them is how the patient is feeling, what medication should be given, the period to give meals, and how to carryout assessment of the chest and the bandaged leg.
Communication between a nurse and patient is also very important in promoting understanding and delivery of care. In this video, the communication between the nurses and the patient was effective. The nurses already had established a conducive environment that made the patient feel at home. The tone of voice, facial persons and body gestures of the nurses helped to create siren environment for negotiation (Milby, Bohmer, Gerbershagen, Joppich & Wappler, 2014). Even though communication between the nurses and the patient was sparingly, it was successful. The patient responded to the queries the nurses asked which helped to gain an in depth understanding about how she was feeling. She also was able to receive advice that the nurses gave to her as she laid on her bed.
This interaction between the nurses themselves and the nurses and the patients is supported by Virginia Henderson Needs theory. The theory has three major assumptions that pertain to nursing; nurses have a duty to provide care to patient until the patient is able to care for themselves (Risjord, 2014). Nurses should always be willing to serve; should therefore devote to their patients every time and nurses should have a certain level of education such as bachelor’s degree in science and art to serve as a nurse (Im, &Ju Chang, 2012). The nurses in the movies showed their devotion and dedication in providing their support to ensure that a patient recovers. Their assessments and interventions is a clear indication of their readiness to help patients to recover. Furthermore, the nurses through their interactions and intervention, it is evident that they have requisite skills and experience to offer the services they provided.
There are a number of post-operative orders that manifest in the video as the nurse provided care to the patient. The patient had vital signs that indicated that she had been through PACU. She was lying on the bed and had bandages covered on the areas with wounds such as the chest and the leg. She also had PCA to control her pain. The nurses as well had a file containing laboratory investigations about the patient condition and status. The nurses discussed about these issues and how they should be controlled and checked. The nurses as well provided advice on the period the patient was supposed to wait before being given a meal.
Based on the available literature, one recommendation that require improvement for future practice is ensuring that the patient is under continuous surveillance and care. Nurses should provide all sorts of care including psychological care to enhance recovery of the patient (Phillips, Street, Kent & Cadeddu, 2014). The focus should not be on the physical care as sometimes patients are mentally affected and are therefore affected when they are discharged. This will go greater miles in ensuring quick recovery of the patient. It is also important to uphold to ethical standards at all time when rendering health care to patients. Nurses should be respectful and be honest.
Seasoned nurse educators possess wisdom about teaching (a kind of “with-it-ness”), which they have developed through practical experience over the years. As a person new to nursing education, you have a great deal to learn from a seasoned mentor. In order to gain access to that knowledge, you will conduct an interview with an experienced nurse educator either in a hospital or college setting. Your interview may be conducted face-to-face, online, or by telephone.
For this assignment, you are to:
•Generate a list of questions you will ask during the interview such as teaching strategies, theories, technology, and evaluation techniques.
•Conduct the interview.
•Your discussion post should include: ?The setting.
How the interview was conducted.
The questions asked and the responses given.
Anything else you think to be important.
Topic 2
Thinking back to Week 3 when you discussed a topic you would like to teach to a friend or family member, create a formative and summative assessment for that hypothetical educational encounter. The instructional methods can be traditional or nontraditional. Explain how you can communicate the results of the evaluation to the learner.
SAMPLE ANSWER
Topic 1
The interview was conducted at the nurse educator mentor’s office. It was brief and took about 15 minutes. The discussion included:
Student: What the challenges are of experienced during transition from nurse practitioner to nurse educator?
Mentor: There are no challenges at all. It is a very easy process.
Student: What is the key role of the nurse educator?
Mentor: The key role is to nurture future nurses. It involves setting of tailor made curriculum which is abreast with the new trends. One is also required to teach leadership skills in nursing.
Student: What are the rewards of becoming a nurse educator?
Mentor: The increased knowledge through research, and contributions form one own research is just so fulfilling. Also being in a position to nature future nurses is overwhelming.
Student: What level of programs are nurse educators permitted to teach?
Mentor: One is allowed to teach at every professional level ranging from ADN, LPN/LVN and BSN. As experience increase, one is allowed to teach the advanced level.
Student: What attributes are required for one to become a nurse educator?
Mentor: You need to be humble, empathetic and open minded. As an educator, you interact with students who view their teacher as their role model. One must increase nursing knowledge through research and reading widely.
Topic 2: Assessment on Congestive Heart Failure, (Edmonson, 2010)
Formative assessment
Define CHF and associated signs and symptoms
Identify possible risk factors for CHF
Describe pathophysiology
Relates to the CHF treatment and management
Summative assessment
Level Understanding
Strategies, Reasoning, & Procedures
Communication
The learner understands that
CHF is a multiple step
It’s main factor are behavioral lifestyle
The disease is manageable
The learner uses effective reasoning strategy to describe CHF processes
The learner effectively correlates with the CHF process
The learner communication is great
The learner verbalizes the answers to each questions
References
Edmonson, C. (2010). Moral courage and the Nurse leader. Journal of Issues in Nursing 15(3);1-13 [Ebscohost]
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
