The writer will have to read each of this articles and react to them by commenting, analyzing and supporting with relevant articles. The writer will have to read carefully before giving constructive comments on the article. The writer should write a one paragraph of at least 150 words. APA and in text citation must be use as each respond to the two articles must have in text citations. The writer will have to use an article to supports his comments in each of the article. Address the content of each article below in a one paragraph each, analysis and evaluation of the topic, as well as the integration of relevant resources.
the details will be sent via email
SAMPLE ANSWER
Comments and constructive criticism
Article 1
In this article, the student is spot on by stating that in the management of a company’s strategic initiatives, the project manager should link the objectives of the project to the company’s overall vision, mission and goals by initiating a strategy as this would help the organization attain its goals and objectives. Schmidt (2010) pointed out that each project has to support the strategic plan of the organization. To ensure this linkage – that is, to ensure that every project in a company actually contributes to the company’s strategic plan –, projects should be integrated within the organization’s strategic plan and this integration necessitates a process that can be used to prioritize projects based on their contribution to the strategic plan. In the discussion post, the student is also right by revealing that the project strategy translates into the strategic plan of the organization. An organization’s effectiveness and efficiency is very likely to improve when the project manager properly aligns the project objectives with the organization’s overall goals, vision and mission (Gale, 2013). This is something which the student has rightly articulated in the post.
Article 2
In this discussion post, the student eloquently and accurately stated that the mission of a company is a potent driving force that steers the company forward and that a key role of the project manager is to ensure that every project actually aligns to the organization’s mission and key strategic initiatives. To add on this point, projects are the tools that are used to implement an organization’s strategy. Effective project management should start with choosing and prioritizing those projects which actually support the strategy and mission of the organization (Purushottam & Rwelamila, 2011). The priority system has to focus attention on the organization’s major goals and mission and foster consensus to which projects are of the greatest priority. In essence, it gives rise to a portfolio of projects which balance opportunities and threats and provide a better resource usage (Morris & Jamieson, 2012). In addition, the student has rightly pointed out that if the project is not aligned with the organization’s mission and key initiatives, then the projects are likely to fail. Moreover, the company’s mission and key initiatives may not be attained without the alignment.
References
Gale, S. F. (2013). Four Steps to a Stronger PMO. PM Network, 27(12), 30-35.
Morris, P. G., & Jamieson, A. (2012). Moving from corporate strategy to project strategy. Project Management Journal, 36(4), 5-18.
Purushottam, N., & Rwelamila, P. D. (2011). Strategies in a multi-polar world: opportunity for application of project management approaches. Business Studies Journal, 3109-117.
Schmidt, T. (2010). Strategic Project Management Made Simple : Practical Tools for Leaders and Teams. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Using only publicly available information, investigate the extent to which Steve Easterbrook, President, and CEO of McDonald’s and McDonald’s organization appear to be fully committed to building, supporting, and nurturing a diverse workforce.
Presenting your findings: Provide a succinct (approximately 500 – 600 word) synopsis of your findings.
SAMPLE ANSWER
McDonalds Organization was formed in 1940 in the United States. It began as a barbecue restaurant operated by Maurice and Richard McDonald. It runs a chain of fast foods restaurant around the world dealing with hamburger. In 1948, it recognized their operations as a hamburger stand that uses production line principles. The growth of the company worldwide was due to the work of Ray Kroc who joined in 1955 as a franchise agent. Ray later bought the company from the McDonalds brothers. The operations of the McDonalds restaurant is either under the corporate itself, a franchisee, or an affiliate. Therefore, the source of income is from the revenues collected from the franchise, the royalties paid, the rent, and also from the sales in the company-operated restaurants.
The organization of the McDonalds organization is a complex structure, whereby it operates fast food restaurants in more than 100 countries. Nurturing of a diverse workforce is, therefore, necessary to facilitate the cultural organization at McDonalds. Steve Easterbrook, the president and CEO at McDonalds, is fully committed to supporting, building and nurturing of a diverse workforce. The organization regards diversity and inclusion as a part of its culture covering from the board to the crew. Steve believes that leaders should hold themselves accountable for respecting and valuing individuals all across the counter within the organization (DuBrin, 2011).
One of the important steps taken by Steve Easterbrook is the step of shifting from awareness to involvement of actions. Instead of just creating awareness, a goal was set such that the workers in the organization can live and explore their full potential thus promoting commitment among the workforce. In promoting responsibility and diversity, Steve has ensured the employment of minority U.S employees and 70% of the population to be women (Burns, 2012). There is a high percentage of women and other minority employees of more than 25% in leadership positions (Devarakonda, 2013).
For the build and support of the McDonald’s brand, Steve Easterbrook has dedicated the company to identifying and developing partnerships with other major organizations. Through the establishment and the maintenance of these organizational partnerships, a brand trust is developed among diverse communities and hence increasing their presence in the various populations. It, therefore, ensures that a customer-friendly environment is created and thus ensuring a diverse workforce. Under their submission, the McDonald’s Company provides that an inclusive environment is created for the employees and the customers on a global basis (Burns, 2012).
Due to the social critics about their high-calorie menu, the McDonald’s company has had to initiate a complete cultural change. It started the training and programs that mentor the restaurant crews thus emphasizing leadership development and also helping the employees to explore their full potential. By training the restaurant team the company became committed in diversification and leadership development. It ranges from the C-suite to the lower ranks at McDonald’s. The diversity included a focus on the supply chain and thus promoting community involvement, external branding, corporate responsibility, and the creation of awareness to the consumers concerning nutrition (DuBrin, 2011).
Through the leadership of Steve Easterbrook, the McDonald’s Company has successfully involved diversification in their operations. Steve has been committed to the building, nurturing, and supporting of a diverse workforce.it is also evident that the McDonald’s Organization is dedicated to providing inclusive works environment, support and facilitating training. It thus indicates that the diversity and inclusion are the fundamental element of the McDonald’s Organizational culture.
References.
Kaplan, M., & Donovan, M. (2013). The inclusion dividend: Why investing in diversity & inclusion pays off. Brookline, MA: Bibliomotion.
DuBrin, A. J. (2011). Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.
Devarakonda, C. (2013). Diversity & inclusion in early childhood: An introduction. London: SAGE.
Burns, J. M. G. (2012). Leadership. New York, NY: Open Road Integrated Media.
Wright, A.-M. (2006). FE lecturer’s guide to diversity and inclusion. London: Continuum.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Effects of Human RM Practices on Employee Performance Order Instructions: Annotated Bibliography
Effects of Human RM Practices on Employee Performance
The topic is “EFFECTS OF HRM PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE”
Provide three additional references related to your Doctoral Study topic in annotated bibliography format and synthesize these three references into a component of the doctoral study rubric (ex. Nature of study, literature review, etc.) Please, it is important that the writer use sources not older than 5 years, and please it is also important to include the DOI where necessary.
Effects of Human RM Practices on Employee Performance Sample Answer
Effects of HRM practices on employee performance: Annotated Bibliography
Hamzah, M. A., Osman, D., & Edris, H. M. (2014). The effect of human resources management practices on employee performance. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 3(9): 129-133
The study conducted by Hamzah, Osman and Edris (2014) examined the effect of human resource management practices toward the performance of employees in a particular organization. The HRM practices which were included in the study were selection and recruitment, compensation, and performance appraisal. The study included a total of 40 participants. A broad review of the literature was done. A structured questionnaire was used in data collection and SPSS was used to analyze the gathered quantitative data. The results showed that compensation, as well as recruitment and selection, correlated significantly with the performance level of the employees (Hamzah, Osman & Edris, 2014).
Shaukat, H., Ashraf, N., & Ghafoor, S. (2015). Impact of human resource management on employee performance. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 23(2): 329-338.
In their study, Shaukat, Ashraf and Ghafoor (2015) explored the contribution of various HRM practices including employee participation, performance evaluation, job definition, selection, compensation, career planning and training on the perceived performance of employees. Their study was also aimed at describing the HRM decisions that could have a unique and significant impact on the overall performance of the organization. The researchers exhaustively assessed the correlations between employee performance and systems of high-performance work practices. The sample size comprised a national sample of several companies. A comprehensive literature review was carried out on relevant, current studies on the related topics. The findings indicated that HRM practices actually have a statistically and economically significant impact on the performance level of employees (Shaukat, Ashraf & Ghafoor, 2015).
Tiwari, P. (2011). Impact of Selected HRM Practices on Perceived Employee Performance: An Empirical Study. Global Management Journal, 3(1/2), 37-43.
In his exploratory research which was followed by causal study, Tiwari (2011) sought to determine the impact of selected human resource management practices on the perceived performance of employees is a number of cement-making corporations. Primary data was gathered using a quantitative, closed-ended questionnaire which was based upon 5 point scale. The researcher obtained secondary data from online databases such as EBSCOhost, Emerald, as well as from printed journals and magazines. Suitable statistical tools and SPSS software were utilized in data analysis. The researcher conducted an extensive review of existing literature on the subject matter. The findings demonstrated that human resource management practices affect employees’ level of performance. Implementation of sound human resource management practices brings about effective management of human resources. The researcher found out that human resource management practices help in increasing employees’ performance (Tiwari, 2011).
Effects of Human RM Practices on Employee Performance References
Hamzah, M. A., Osman, D., & Edris, H. M. (2014). The effect of human resources management practices on employee performance. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 3(9): 129-133
Shaukat, H., Ashraf, N., & Ghafoor, S. (2015). Impact of human resource management on employee performance. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 23(2): 329-338. DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2015.23.02.22117
Tiwari, P. (2011). Impact of Selected HRM Practices on Perceived Employee Performance: An Empirical Study. Global Management Journal, 3(1/2), 37-43.
Prepare a critical analysis of a qualitative study focusing on the problem statement, study purpose, research question, literature review, and theoretical framework. This can be one of the selected articles from your previous literature review or a new peer-reviewed article.
The completed analysis should be 1,000-1,250 words and should connect to your identified practice problem of interest.
Refer to “Research Critique Part 1.” Questions under each heading should be addressed as a narrative, in the structure of a formal paper.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.
NRS433V.v10R.ResearchCritiquePart1Guidelines_student.docx
Please Note: Assignment will not be submitted to the faculty member until the “Submit” button under “Final Submission” is clicked.
SAMPLE ANSWER
The critical appraisal refers to the analysis of the peer reviewed articles done for specific purposes. In nursing, this is mainly done for three main reasons including improving of practice, to broaden the student understanding and nursing knowledge about evidence based practice (Burns & Grove, 2011). During this assessment, the student must put the following into considerations including the study findings and their appropriateness in nursing practice as well as other situation. This helps guide the student on further pilot studies that needs to be conducted to assure effectiveness and safety of the paediatric patients. This is important it facilitates in identification of the potential changes that positively influence of the nursing practice (Maltby, 2010).
To help me in synthesizing these skills that are important in when conducting research in nursing practice, I will critically appraise the following qualitative peer reviewed article Racine, E., Larivière-Bastien, D., Bell, E., Majnemer, A., & Shevell, M. (2012). Respect for autonomy in the healthcare context: observations from a qualitative study of young adults with cerebral palsy. Child: Care, Health and Development, n/a-n/a. doi:10.1111/cch.12018. The article problem statement, purpose of the study, research question and literature view, and conceptual theoretical framework will be critically appraised (De Chesnay, n.d.).
Problem Statement
The aim of the study is to evaluate the healthcare provider’s roles in respecting patients suffering from the cerebral palsy autonomy. This is important because individuals with disabilities in healthcare face diverse ethical and social issues that are very important (Maltby, 2010). This includes communication issues, disparities in accessing the basic services such as routine care or even preventive care as well as the infringement of the patient confidentiality and autonomy. The article describes this is particularly important for these patients because it affects the patient’s cognitive ability (Racine et al., 2012).
The article describes the pre-understanding of the issue and its relevance in paediatric care. Additionally, the article describes holistically the concept of nursing, its practice as well as its importance in respecting patients’ rights and confidentiality when delivering quality care, irrespective of the patient’s health complication, gender, age or ethnic background (Racine et al., 2012). The knowledge gap in this research problem is that transition of paediatric care to adult care in patients with cerebral palsy is complicated, due to the autonomy issues associated with shifts medical decisions to the adolescent (Racine et al., 2012). This is especially a challenge in adolescents diagnosed with cerebral palsy during this transition period. This is because the impairments of the motor and the communication skills that could become conflated with the patients cognitive disability. This is hinders effective delivery of care and increases the costs of treatment (Racine et al., 2012).
Purpose and Research Questions
The purpose and research questions are clearly stated, and the research purpose and research question are related. The research question is ‘what are the perspectives of autonomy for adults diagnosed with cerebral palsy (Racine et al., 2012)?
To answer this research questions, the researcher carried out semi-structured interviews with 14 participants aged between 18-25 years, and those who suffers from cerebral palsy. The researcher also audiotaped the interviews. This study design applied in this type of research is the phenomenological qualitative design. The study sampling technique that is used is the purposive sampling technique (Racine et al., 2012). The data collected was transcribed by verbatim and was analysed using the conventional thematic qualitative content analysis (Burns & Grove, 2011). This sampling approach is important for this type of study, because it facilitates the investigation of the experiences of the young people as well as the healthcare provider’s autonomy. This also facilitates the attainment of the information redundancy. The study reliability and validity was maintained through the use of triangulation. This reduced study bias (Maltby, 2010).
Literature Review
Literature review is summative and conjoined with the introduction. The researcher merely reports other studies findings in a narrative form with no critique However, literature review has information that is adequate enough to construct a logical argument (Burns & Grove, 2011). The literature review summarizes the current knowledge that is relevant to research questions and research purpose i.e. valuing the experiences of in paediatrics diagnosed with cerebral palsy and in ensuring that patient’s autonomy is maintained, especially in children diagnosed with long term and severe infections (Racine et al., 2012). The author has utilized quantitative and qualitative studies that focus on autonomy in paediatric patients diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The references used are current starting from 2006 to 2011. However, the researcher has also used studies from previous studies, older than 5 year which is applied for qualitative studies purposed (Racine et al., 2012).
Conceptual / Theoretical Framework
The author identifies a specific perspective in which the study was established. This is the fact that if the issue of autonomy is contextualised in healthcare, it will improve the quality of care. According to the article, ill adapted health, lack of adequate resources and attitudes towards as well as the increased parental involvement could positively or negatively impact autonomy (Racine et al., 2012). Theoretical framework is not well described, but the author mentions Dynamic Systems Theory (DST), which described the development of the patient’s motor and cognitive functions (Racine et al., 2012). The article describes that the subsystems spontaneously self-organize and interact collectively in a specific manner, which enables identification of the most possible solutions for management of patient’s autonomy. Therefore, the healthcare providers should evaluate and consider all aspects of the theoretical aspects to understand the interaction between various aspects including environments, family and service user (Racine et al., 2012).
Conclusion
This paper helps in improving nursing care especially in paediatric care for chronic conditions. It is vital to identify the gaps in these transitions from paediatric to adult health, which EBP highlights the poor outcomes as well as the diminished opportunities for the service users. More research should be conducted to ensure smooth transitions that will foster autonomy and prepare the young adults transition effectively. This helps improve the lifelong function and establishment of appropriate healthcare services that are uninterruptable during the transition from childhood, adolescence into adulthood.
Reference
Burns, N., & Grove, S. (2011). Understanding Nursing Research (5th ed.). Elsevier. ISBN-13: 9781437707502
De Chesnay, M. (n.d.). Nursing research using historical methods.
Maltby, J. (2010). Research methods for nursing and healthcare. Harlow, England: Pearson Education.
Racine, E., Larivière-Bastien, D., Bell, E., Majnemer, A., & Shevell, M. (2012). Respect for autonomy in the healthcare context: observations from a qualitative study of young adults with cerebral palsy. Child: Care, Health And Development, n/a-n/a. doi:10.1111/cch.12018.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Moreland and Levine (1994) suggest that entry into groups can often be marked by some initiation ceremony or ritual. Analyse the case of the British Royal Marines and discuss why members go to such lengths to mark the entry of a new comer? Additionally, discuss why you think newcomers might accept being humiliated and sometimes even being abused?
SAMPLE ANSWER
British Royal Marines
The operations of armed forces and any security forces are kept secret from the public limelight. The reason for the high-level secrecy is said to be for good of the country. Therefore, it becomes difficult for an outsider to understand the operations of these forces. Whether these forces practice initiation ceremonies and other kinds of rituals is something that is open to discussion. The recent incident caught on camera where marines fought in nudity has caused mixed reactions on the operations or workings of the marines. The case study of the British Royal marines provides the basis of this analysis. Reasons for such incidences on the camera against new comers and reasons why new comes may agree to be subjected to such humiliations and abuse are deliberated.
In this case study, two naked marines are forced into combat in what is seen to be an initiation ceremony (The Guardian, 2005). Young Royal Marines fight one another. One of them is beaten unconscious and slumps on the floor. The incidence triggered mixed reactions from the leaders and the marines’ leaders. This case study therefore, marks the basis of the analysis (The Guardian, 2005).
Many reasons explain why members may go to such extreme when welcoming new comers. One of the reasons is to exercise initiation ceremony or ritual. Different organizations and institutions have different rituals they conduct to demonstrate maturity or passage to the next stage of adulthood. According to Moreland & Levine (1994), entry into a new group may require passing through initiation ceremony. The ceremony will depend on the kind of duties or responsibilities that one anticipates. Marines’ nature of work may involve combat and therefore, it is likely that they may use this combat or fights to welcome the new entrants in their world. This is tip of an iceberg or a clue to what they should be expected. The fighting witnessed therefore, may have been used to jig jag the minds of the new recruits that they are in a different world and they must prepare for the turf times to come. Strength is therefore expected and one must live up to the standards and strive to defend themselves. The episodes in the video suggest that this was a ceremony initiation aimed at testing the strength of the new recruits. In this video shooting a man in surgeon outfit gives instruction for the two marines to roll their mats around their arms and fight with bare fists. One of them seems reluctant, is beaten, and becomes unconscious. This footage actually, shows that the fight was under instructions of the senior marines (The Guardian, 2005). The denial may persist but the fact of the matter remains that this might have been an initiation ceremony. The fact that bullying is prohibited in the military and military people known to observe law, it is indeed true that such incidences helps to initiate new and younger recruits.
The law of the jungle or the warriors have since a long time been expected to face each other or to undergo a certain rituals to earn a badge. According to Weinberger (2015), hazing and babooning are some of the ways that these warriors used to earn their badge. For instance, Vikings treated new crewmembers at the back of the ships and dragged them through freezing waters to ensure that they become rightfully qualified to become crewmembers. This ritual made the new crewmembers to gain courage (Lambert, 2015). The tribe people in Borneo on the other hand, forced their young men to engage is risk and painful events using sharp sticks to exemplify their maturity and for them to graduate to the next stage in the society.
Therefore, such practices have also extended in the modern times and in the armies as they still practice the same. Army is a field that requires boldness and therefore, any person must be taken through very difficult situations to test their capability and endurance levels. The tasks that await them require total dedication, endurance, and perseverance. Other terms used to describe the actions that are practiced as rites of passage may include japing, hazing, breasting sprog Olympics and joining runs.
According to Weinberger (2015), initiation ceremonies aims at indoctrinating ideologically rooted identifies of new members to a certain group of members. The ideology of a certain group defines who they are and show they perceive certain things. In an organization for instance, rituals are conducted to enable new member fit in the organization. The process of induction of new employees for that matter allows the new recruits to understand the culture and the ideology of the rest of the members. For that matter, it is important in the context of the marines that they also conduct some of these initiation rituals and ceremonies to pas on the ideology to the new recruits. To civilians it might have gone to the extreme but to the members of the marines it is not something to be skeptical about. In the situation, the other marine members appear to cheer. They are as well naked and the two marines in combat are also in their nudity. This, therefore cleanly shows that, this was something practices and was aimed at passing on the ideologies to the new recruits. The nudity of all other marine members is a show of identify and unity among themselves. They have nothing against each other but it is very important for them to go through such hardships as part of their development into real warriors.
Another reason for such acts on new entrants in the Marines and even other fields or areas is for human connection. It helps to cultivate relationships among the members of the marines (de Grave, 2014). This is equated to collective consumption practices but is nested with rituals such as fighting while naked. The essence of such an act is to show their solidarity and a sense of belonging. The fact that there was only two young men fighting while the other remained as spectators, it was aimed at solidifying their bond. Relationship is nurtured through their cheering and remaining naked. Therefore, the group was engaging in these kinds of behavior to strengthen their relationships.
Such methods of marking new entrants of new members are also done for fun. The ritual components may closely be aligned with the component of fun. Deciding to remain nude in the ocean and fighting without clothes could have been fun. Marines have daunting tasks and therefore, they needs some time to relax and to enjoy themselves. Just like one of the privately official said, this incident could have a bit of fun but it could have gone out of hand. Therefore, it may not be out rightly true that the combat was a ritual. It could have a fun but it went out of hand leading to one of the fighters becoming unconscious after being beaten. Introducing new members could have attracted the marines to celebrate their new entrants and therefore, to make the occasions fun and enjoyable, these two young marines would be the one to add spice the day. On the same note, it could also be the norm and the tradition of the marine to have a combat between two marines on the day of welcoming new entrants (Setlhabi, 2014). Therefore, this should not be seen as bullying and mistreatment of the soldiers. It is expected that during such incidences some people may be hurt and therefore, and that does not mean that it is out of hand.
Such behavior as exemplified in the case study shows the transition or passage rites. In various cultures such as African cultures, young people have to go through passage of rites such as circumcision to transit to adulthood (Bonnemère, 2014). During such periods, the young boys are taken through challenging and very difficult conditions. They are beaten and even forced to sleep in the forest. This experience makes them to harden and to understand that they have to face live with courage and boldness. This is the similar case in the Maine. New recruits may not have had any experience about Marine and the challenges they go through. Therefore, though acts such as physical fights, helps these young entrants to harden and to understand that it is not easy. It enables to understand that they are moving to the next stage that requires them to harden and to be courageous.
Another reason for such behaviors, where new recruits are subjected to harsh conditions as exemplified in the British Marine soldiers is for psychological purposes (Setlhabi, 2014). The mind of an individual and the way they think and perceive determines show they take decisions and the way they view life. In the military, marines or soldiers must be psychologically prepared to execute their duties. They must understand their duties and the danger they areas being exposed to. Therefore, this combat between the two marines was something that could have been used to nurture the thinking and the s psychology of other new recruits. It opens them and delivers them into- a reality world. They must understand that some time they will have to encounter situations that would require them to defend themselves. Such situations will require that they give it all to survive or are overpowered and subdued.
According to Johnson, (2011), the act of hazing continues to evolve in the society. Hazing refers to any activity that an individual expects when joining a group that may degrade, abuse, humiliates, or endangers regardless of the person willingness to participate (Malisha, Maharaj & Rogan, 2011). Sometimes, in a society, one is expected to adhere to the things that the majority of people are doing. Failure to do that, it amounts to forcefulness. Therefore, in this case, the act of these two young marines fighting may be explained as acts of hazing. The fact that one of the soldiers appeared reluctant to fight without the mats but what he received was severe beating that made him to remain unconscious. The rest of the members were nude without clothing and no one would have been expected to go contrary to this directives.
Other reasons that explains why members go to such lengths to mark the entry of a new comer is due to excitement, release of stress, showing solidarity, among others (Weinberger, 2015). Because of excitement, individuals may turn out to engage in weird behaviors that may surprise others. Actually, remaining nude and fighting without clothes is a sign of excitement. Some may act so to release their stress. They remain nude and engage in any activity that can preoccupy their minds. Other still may engage in such activities because they want to show the spirit of solidarity. While other may do this to show their mighty and strength. The recruits may be forced to fight by the seniors because they must obey their directive failure to which may lead to their dismissal and harsh punishment.
This brings to the discussion on reasons that would make these new comers to accept this kind of humiliation and abuse. One of the reasons is the quest to show their strength. Some of the newcomers may be having a high ego and this may drive them to engage in this kind of humiliations (Setlhabi, 2014). They want to show the world that they have the energy and that nothing can come in their way.
Other reason why the new comes may accept to be humiliated is when their seniors of dire consequences for failing to obey their orders threaten them (Weinberger, 2015). Their seniors may expect them to abide by the directives they give them. Going against such directives may be seen as violation of the orders and failing to respect the authority. Therefore, this leaves these young newcomers in jeopardy. They will have no otherwise but access to be humiliated and abused.
This habit as well arises when there is no supervision. Lack of enough manpower is a challenge that causes such behaviors to happen among the new comers. When there is no one to monitor and to control or guide people, some mischievous are likely to surface. Some of the juniors may subject these new comers to hash treatment. They may be bullied and expected not to report the same to the authority.
When these new comers lack mentorship and someone to guide and tell them their rights, a vacuum is left. They are therefore prone to any kind of abuse and this is likely to make them easily humiliated and mistreated. Therefore, there must be sufficient measures of systems in the organization that empowers the new comers and teaches them on their right. If this is done, it would become difficult for this newcomers to be abused and humiliated.
Accepting to be abused and humiliated is also something that depends on the personality of an individual. Some of the newcomers are introverted and they fear (Weinberger, 2015). So in case they are threatened by someone, they easily give in. Therefore, it becomes easy for such individuals to be threatened and abused. However, on the other hand, resilient individuals will not easily buy into humiliation. They will use whatever means they have at their disposal to defend themselves. Therefore, the personality and the cultural background of an individual will play a greater role in this kind of humiliation.
In conclusion, it is evident that people may behave differently in different situations. The case of British Royal Marines is a good illustration of how people behave differently, especially when they receive new comers. The video footage is open to varied explanations of what was happening. To some this is viewed as ritual or an initiation ceremony, others view this as fun while to others it may be viewed as a process of ideology. The fighting of two marines seems to be under instructions and this exclude in the equation the aspect of bullying. As a ritual, it would mean that the Marines are preparing and orienting the young newcomers to their world. It would also be fun if the Marines engage in fighting. It is also important to understand that some occasions new comers may be humiliated or abused. Such cases may arise because of their personalities, fear of dismissal, lack of mentorship, and lack of supervision. It is therefore important to ensure that those newcomers are treated well. This will enable them to have positive thoughts about the organization. They will also remain devoted and will continue passing on good virtues to the generations that comes. New comers have the right to better treatment. They must be respected and treated with dignity. Rituals of initiation ceremony should not carry away their dignity but instead it should be done in a humane way to achieve the intended purpose. The British Royal Marine should therefore not be condemned for the acts they got involved. It will be good gesture is first, an investigation is carried out to understand if indeed the actions were rituals or bullying. This will help to build reputation of the Marine in the public eye.
Johnson, J. (2011). Through the liminal: a comparative analysis of communitas and rites of passage in sport hazing and initiations. Canadian Journal Of Sociology, 36(3), 199-227.
Lambert, D. A. (2015). The Book of Job in Ritual Perspective. Journal Of Biblical Literature, 134(3), 557-575. doi:10.15699/jbl.1343.2015.2878
Malisha, L., Maharaj, P., & Rogan, M. (2011). Rites of passage to adulthood: traditional initiation schools in the context of HIV/AIDS in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Health, Risk & Society, 10(6), 585-598. doi:10.1080/13698570802533713
Setlhabi, K. G. (2014). The Politics of Culture and the Transient Culture of Bojale : Bakgatla- Baga-Kgafela Women’s Initiation in Botswana. Journal Of Southern African Studies, 40(3), 459-477. doi:10.1080/03057070.2014.913424
The Guardian, (2005). Video exposes alleged bullying in Royal Marines. Xinhua News Agency.
Weinberger, M. F. (2015). Dominant Consumption Rituals and Intragroup Boundary Work: How Non-Celebrants Manage Conflicting Relational and Identity Goals. Journal Of Consumer Research, 42(3), 378-400. doi:10.1093/jcr/ucv020
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
You will be providing a bibliography and citations on this two part approximately 4 page essay.
You are free to find quality sources from any appropriate educational website, library or journal.
I prefer footnotes for your citations and please remember to provide the bibliography page at the end. (NOTICE: THE FORMAT FOR BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FOOTNOTES ARE DIFFERENT! USE THE CORRECT FORMAT FOR EACH!)
Using proper format, in a +/-4 page essay, please completely answer the following questions:
1. In your opinion, did the Marshall Plan force the Soviet Union to create the buffer zone?
2. Should the Western Allies have acted to oppose Soviet domination of Eastern Europe?
3. Explain how the situation in Europe immediately following the fall of Germany led directly to the Cold War.
In your opinion, did the Marshall Plan force the Soviet Union to create the buffer zone?
In my opinion the Marshall plan did not force the Soviet Union create buffer zone but it made them strengthen their buffer zones. The buffer zones were created earlier before the Marshall plan came into effect. George Marshall, an architect of, World War II was appointed Secretary of state by the then US President Harry Truman. The state department under Marshall with the expertise provided by George Kennan, William Clayton among others crafted the Marshall plan. The plans primary aim was to aid rebuild the European economy. George Marshall earlier speech to the world on June 5, 1947 at Harvard widely known as European Recovery Program (ERP) was one of the pillars that led to the Marshall plan for he was convinced that the restoration of political stability in Europe would be realized on economic recovery. The Americans provided financial aid to the affected countries allied to their capitalistic ideologies (LaFeber, 2013).
The buffer zones created by the Soviet Union came after they successfully defeated the Germans. Berlin was split into two with the Americans and the Soviets in opposing ends. The Soviets overran a number of states setting up communist governments hence creating buffer zones known as Iron curtains in some quarters. The buffer zone’s purpose was a physical entity which signified the territorial barriers gains of the Soviet Union. They allowed the Soviets feel comfortable. The buffer zones helped guard people from escape and the western intrusion.
Should the Western Allies have acted to oppose Soviet domination of Eastern Europe?
In my opinion the Western allies should not have acted to oppose the USSR’s domination of Eastern Europe for it would have been economically derailing. The major cities and Europe at large was in a terrible state.
That act would have caused counter attack at such a time that the western allies were not ready for another war. The USA had just dropped atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan while the USSR was in a process of developing them. Such attacks would have taken unprecedented long time to repair the already torn world.
Major treaties and agreements that were negotiated after the World War II Would not have come in place without the support on the Soviet Union. If the western allies would have united against the USSR they would have been cooperative at this point. The United Nations would not have been formed neither would the Germany’s surrender have been well. The Soviet Union’s support in the aftermath of the war to repair Europe would not have come if the western allies would have opposed its domination.
Finally, since the Western Allies were in economic depression it’s evident that that would not be a goal after the World War II. Money was needed to repair the damages and helping the displaced people rather than opposing the Soviets. The long cold war that was unavoidable would have caused havoc to the Western Allies who had bad economy. They really needed money to repair their economy but not for war. Opposing the Soviet Union would not have really been an option for they needed them (Hook and Spanier, 2015).
Explain how the situation in Europe immediately following the fall of Germany led directly to the Cold War.
The aftermath of the war was terrible with nearly ¼ of the housing in Germany destroyed and infrastructure was depleted. Inflation was at center stage with millions of homeless people experiencing food shortage. Germany was divided into four zones of American, French, British and Soviet. The American, French and British later merged to form federal republic of Germany. With the USSR occupying East Germany with its Headquarters in Berlin (Todd, 2012).
Russia had lost over 20M of its citizens hence Stalin created a buffer zone for friendly states to make sure than Russia would never be invaded again. The growing in statue of the USSR beyond its boundaries made the USA scared. Tension grew for the fear that USSR would expand towards America. In my view, the USA’s serious thinking on countering the massive expansion of USSR and its own defenses against communism caused the cold war. There was immense secrecy between the two super powers, whereby America did not know the place that Russia was planning to go while Russia didn’t know if USA was going to stop them.
The Marshall plan was another big cause of the cold war. The economic support program by the US secretary of state George Marshall gave money to democratic-torn friendly countries in order to build their economy. The American intention was to alienate the USSR who they did not give financial aid with their partners in the east. All this angered USSR; it made them hate the USA and its allies. Compared to the expansion of Russia, the Marshall plan widely led to the cold war. COMECON was the USSR’s response initiative to the Marshall plan where the Communist states were given financial aid that encountered threats from capitalism. This in turn angered the Americans resulting to cold war (Maddox, 2015).
References
Hook, Steven W., and John Spanier. American foreign policy since World War II. Cq Press, 2015.
LaFeber, Walter, Richard Polenberg, and Nancy Woloch. THE AMERICAN CENTURY: Volume 2: A History of the United States Since 1941. Vol. 2. ME Sharpe, 2013.
Maddox, Robert James. The new left and the origins of the cold war. Princeton University Press, 2015.
Todd, Allan. History for the IB Diploma: The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe 1924-2000. Cambridge University Press, 2012.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Accounting and Management Control Systems Order Instructions: Search for the following concepts when looking for appropriate resources:
•Management control systems
•Incentive compensation systems
•Management by Objectives
•Controllable versus uncontrollable costs
Accounting and Management Control Systems
The bibliography needs to be done as an APA formatted annotated bibliography. Please use the link below to see how an annotated bibliography is formatted.
•Each cited source needs to be specifically linked to the concepts in the case. Please do not cite random sources.
•Make sure your annotation captures the important point of the source. Please do not give a one-sentence summary.
Accounting and Management Control Systems Sample Answer
Dropulić, I. (2014). DESIGN OF MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS – A STUDY OF JOINT STOCK COMPANIES IN CROATIA. Management: Journal Of Contemporary Management Issues, 19(2), 157-167.
This article sheds light on the definition and proper understanding of the management control system. There has been little understanding of this concept by varied entrepreneurs and scholars. There has been little research done to ascertain the level of understanding of this concept by entrepreneurs and at great extents, the usage of the concept in the right way.
Designing of management control systems must be done in accordance to the specific needs of the organization in question, (Dropulić, 2014). Although the basics of management control systems are the same, there ought to be manipulation of the essential elements to suit the particular organization. Failure to adhere to this concept leads to coming up with management control systems, which could be too costly for the organization and may even be irrelevant.
In coming up with management control systems, there ought to be special consideration given to administrative and cultural elements, (Dropulić, 2014). This does not mean that the other aspects are of no great importance, but these two aspects are very crucial to the stability of organizations especially the multinational ones.
In this article, survey methodology has been used, which gives the work more credibility. Basing the survey on Croatia gives the article more credit because there has been the choice of a specific region.
Friis, I., Hansen, A., &Vámosi, T. (2015). On the Effectiveness of Incentive Pay: Exploring Complementarities and Substitution between Management Control System Elements in a Manufacturing Firm. European Accounting Review, 24(2), 241-276. doi:10.1080/09638180.2014.976055
This article sheds light on the importance of incentives in an organization. This area has been much avoided by many scholars due to the connotation that as long as employees are receiving their salaries, there is no need for them to be given incentives.
This article points to the realization that it is very essential for organizations to embrace the spirit of giving incentives to employees on top of creating a conducive working environment. There is an insight into the great lengths that incentives can go in terms of influencing the employees to reach goals that would otherwise not be reachable without the incentives, (Friis, Hansen &Vámosi, 2015).
There is pointing out to the different methodologies that could be adopted as incentives. This view follows the realization that incentives are very much linked to motivation. Human beings are different, and are therefore motivated by different factors. It is therefore crucial to consider varied incentive methods, depending with the organization but more so in consideration of the individual employees. This article is credible because, it has used an in depth case study in making clear the process of implementing a new incentive program as part of management control systems.
Čiutienė, R., &Petrauskas, P. (2012). MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES USING COACHING. Economics & Management, 17(4), 1559-1563. doi:10.5755/j01.em.17.4.3029
This article engages in discussion of embracing management by objectives with much alignment to the importance of coaching in the process. In the recent organizational leadership endeavors, there has been much encouragement of adoption of management by objective whereby; the management has the objectives or short term goals of the organization in mind. When there is adoption of management by objectives, there is lower chances of wastage of managerial energies by focusing on nonessential issues, (Čiutienė&Petrauskas, 2012).
This article is credible because it examines theoretical principles of management. Although in the recent times there has been much arguments against theoretical principles of management, it is crucial to note that; to attain the practical facets of management, managers ought to first understand the theoretical realm. This article is therefore insightful because it offers a platform for understanding of those theoretical principles of management.
There is also insights into the diversified areas of the application of management by objective aspect. In the past, there had been propositions that management by objectives was only applicable in the private sector. This article sheds lights in understanding that management by objectives is also applicable to the rivate sector, (Čiutienė&Petrauskas, 2012).T he processes and implementation steps are well presented and analyzed.
Bol, J. C., Hecht, G., & Smith, S. D. (2015). Managers’ Discretionary Adjustments: The Influence of Uncontrollable Events and Compensation Interdependence. Contemporary Accounting Research, 32(1), 139-159. doi:10.1111/1911-3846.12070
Many business management scholars have not been able to distinguish the controllable and the non-controllable costs. There has been a failure to separate the two and therefore much inability to balance the same in organizations, (Bol, Hecht & Smith, 2015). This article sheds light on the uncontrollable costs in relation to the controllable costs. Many people have had the connotation that, the non-controllable costs are unavoidable and therefore, understanding them is of no positive consequence.
This article points to the realization that; when entrepreneurs understand the extents of uncontrollable costs, they are capable of mitigating the extent of the cost. There is also more potential of mitigating the spill of the uncontrollable costs to the controllable costs. Understanding the distinction between the two means that; one is capable of striking a balance between the two in undertaking any business venture that entails both controllable and uncontrollable costs, (Bol, Hecht & Smith, 2015).
This article offers insights into the efforts that could be made to enhance controls in the future undertakings of the business. Articulating the understanding of the controllable and uncontrollable costs is critical in adjusting management control systems. It is not possible to come up with viable management control systems without first distinguishing the controllable and uncontrollable costs such that the best option is undertaken. This paper offers insight into understanding the distinctions of the two variable costs.
Accounting and Management Control Systems References
Bol, J. C., Hecht, G., & Smith, S. D. (2015). Managers’ Discretionary Adjustments: The Influence of Uncontrollable Events and Compensation Interdependence. Contemporary Accounting Research, 32(1), 139-159. doi:10.1111/1911-3846.12070
Čiutienė, R., &Petrauskas, P. (2012). MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES USING COACHING. Economics & Management, 17(4), 1559-1563. doi:10.5755/j01.em.17.4.3029
Dropulić, I. (2014). DESIGN OF MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS – A STUDY OF JOINT STOCK COMPANIES IN CROATIA. Management: Journal Of Contemporary Management Issues, 19(2), 157-167.
Friis, I., Hansen, A., &Vámosi, T. (2015). On the Effectiveness of Incentive Pay: Exploring Complementarities and Substitution between Management Control System Elements in a Manufacturing Firm. European Accounting Review, 24(2), 241-276. doi:10.1080/09638180.2014.976055
Study Bloom’s Taxonomy; apply the principles of it to provider-patient communication during a crisis. Compare best practices of communicating with patients in a crisis to Bloom’s Taxonomy in terms of patient needs.
Requirements:
1. Five pages maximum. I will not read more.
a. Reference List and Title pages do not count toward the 5 page maximum
2. Times New Roman, 12 point font, 1” margins all around, double space
3. Resources required:
a. Five required resources cited must be beyond the textbook. (Limit: 7)
i. One of the 5 must be an interview that you personally conduct (in person,
phone, or email). No more than one interview.
ii. One or more of the 5 must be from a professional journal or magazine
iii. The other 3 sources cited may be from any combination of the following: professional journal, magazine, newspaper, book (not your textbook)
b. You may cite from your textbook; any textbook citations will not be counted
toward your 5 required
c. Citation: APA format. See https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/
i. Use In-text citation (no footnotes or endnotes)
ii. Reference List (does not count as part of your 5 page maximum)
SAMPLE ANSWER
Bloom Taxonomy
The present health care system dictates that delivery processes integrate various interfaces and patient handoff amid myriad health care practitioners with different levels of educational and professional background. During the timeframe of a four-day hospital stay, a patient might come into contact with 50 different personnel, including doctors, clinicians, technicians, and others. Dynamic clinical practice thus includes many cases where essential information should be correctly communicated. Team cooperation is critical. When health care specialists are not communicating productively, the safety of a patient is at risk for various reasons: insufficient essential information, mix-up of information, ambiguous orders over the telephone, and ignored adjustments in status. Poor communication leads up to circumstances where medical errors can take place. These mistakes have the capacity to amount in severe injury or surprise patient demise. Medical flaws, particularly those caused by lack of communication, are widespread challenge in today’s health care organizations. Conventional medical education stresses the significance of a practice that is free from errors, using severe peer pressure to accomplish perfection at the time of diagnosis and treatment. Mistakes are thereby conceived normatively as a harbinger of failure. This situation generates an atmosphere that prohibits the fair, honest assessment of errors needed if organizational learning is to occur. It is significant to stress that nurturing a team cooperation environment may have problems to solve: extra time, conceived loss of independence, lack of confidence, conflicting ideas, amid others. However, many health care personnel are aware of the poor communication and teamwork, as a consequence of a culture of truncated outcomes that has bloomed in many health care situations (Helmreich and Schaefer, 2009).
According to Irwin, McClelland and Love (2006)communication is the core factor in medical care. In essence communication between physicians and patients is amassing a growing amount of attention with the health care in the U.S. In the last few years descriptive and investigational research has attempted to focus on the communication activities during medical consultations. Nevertheless, the knowledge obtained from these endeavors is restricted. This is likely because amid inter-personal relationships, the physician-patient collaboration is one of the most sophisticated ones. While advanced technologies could be utilized for medical diagnosis and treatments, interpersonal communication is the key apparatus by which the doctor and the patient trade information (Stiles & Putman, 2007). Particular factors of doctor-patient communication appear to have considerable effect on patients’ attitudes and safety, for instance, contentment with care, positive response to treatment, recall and having knowledge about medical information, dealing with disease, qualify of life, and even condition of health. Cooperation and communication are particularly essential in the case of a chronic disease, such as a cancer (Fallowfield, Maguire & Baum, 2002). Today, specialists of communication have progressively been focusing on psychological features of cancer. Creating a proper inter-personal cooperation between physicians and patients can be interpreted as a significant function of communication. Furthermore, proper inter-personal relationship forms the basis for optimum medical care. On the other hand, the significance of a good physician-patient relationship relies on its therapeutic qualities. Another key function of medical communication is supporting the exchange of information between the physician and the patient.
Information can be regarded as a resource brought into the verbal exchange between the two parties. From a medical standpoint, physicians need information to determine the correct diagnosis and treatment strategy. From the patient’s standpoint, two needs have to be accomplished when meeting with the physician: the need to know and understand and the need to experience a sense of being known and understood. To be capable of achieving doctor’s and patient’s needs, both alternate between information-transmission and information- hunting. Patients have to provide details about their symptoms, physicians’ needs to considerably look out relevant information. At times patients may be inclined to ask for as much information as possible, doctors appear to know patients needs for information. For instance, where cancer is involved, the desire for information is most great. A great number of cancer patients’ discontentment with transmission of information emanates from concordance between views of patients and physicians. When relaying information to cancer patients about their disease (good or bad), doctors might explain medical information more empirically while patients explain it as a matter of individual relevance. As a consequence, the doctor might experience a satisfying sense that he has offered right and relevant information. The patient conversely might feel he has discovered nothing satisfying. Recent research indicates that about 45 percent of cancer patients have reported that no information has been provided relating to dealing with their disease (Fallowfield et al., 2002), however most patients wanted such information. Doctors must thereby first motivate their clients to exchange their key worries without interruption (Ben-Sira, 2008).
Psychological privacy involves a patient’s capacity to be in charge of active and cognitive inputs and outputs, to think and formulate behaviors, values to establish with whom to share information. Nevertheless, asking delicate questions and divulging confidential information is inevitable if the physician desires to find an effective diagnosis and treatment. The degree to which doctors communicate in a more dynamic, high-regulation style, could be conceived by patients as abuse of their psychological privacy. Physicians’ attitudes during patient examinations are regulated by societal values. It seems that at the time of medical interactions limited privacy is needed. Constant eye contact, for instance, could be viewed by the patient as excessively intimate for the relationship. Conversely physical privacy can be regarded as a relevant aspect of non-verbal communication and can lead to improved quality of the inter-personal interactions between physicians and patients (Stiles and Putman, 2007). Other result gauges utilized to examine the quality of the physician-patient interaction are patients’ recall and understanding information. As it stands, most patients fail to recall or comprehend what the physician has told them. Patient compliance is also a broadly utilized result variable and is regarded a measure of the productivity of provider-patient communication. Doctor-patient interaction might have significant outcomes for patient’s health outcomes, thus this relationship can be viewed as a type of social support. Lack of information appears to play a vital function in psychological challenge that can come up during the diagnosis and treatment (Irwin, McClelland & Love, 2006).
References
Ben-Sira.Z. (2008). “Affective and instrumental components in the physician patient relationship: an additional dimension of interaction theory.” Journal of Health Sociological Behavior, 170-185.
Fallowfield. L. J., Hall A., Maguire. G. P. and Baum. M. (2002).“Psychological outcomes of different treatment policies in women with early breast cancer outside a clinical trial.” British Medical Journal, 301- 575.
Helmreich. R.L & Schaefer H.G. (2009). Team performance in the operating room and Human error in medicine. Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Irwin W. G., McClelland R. and Love.A. H. G. (2006). “Communication skills training for medical students: an integrated approach.” Medical Education, 387-390.
Stiles. W. B. and Putnam. S. M. (2007).Analysis of verbal and non-verbal behavior in doctor- patient encounters: In Communicating with Medical Patients. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
Appendix: Interview
I chose to interview a personal acquaintance of mine who happens to be a screenplay enthusiast. I think it is a fantastic occupation path since it balances creativity and professional writing.
What are you pursing as an undergraduate student?
I am studying Journalism.
How will your undergraduate studies influence your future career?
I am on track to work in the corporate world, probably as an editor
When did you first develop interest in screenplay writing?
I like to think when you first write a screen-play and gets positive comments from people who have been in the production scene for some time, you get interest in that moment. It had never occurred to me that this was something I’d be doing as pastime thing.
How much experience with screenplay writing do you have?
None as a matter of fact, but I have always been involved with creative writing on the side (for instance, poems and flash stories).
What are some of your objectives for the future?
Finishing my undergraduate, find a job, get a job, and see what fate throws my way. I have come to discover in life that whatever you make plans, the big guy above somehow has a totally different idea.
Would say that screenwriting you will be engaged in as a side project rather than a full time career?
I don’t want to find myself restricting myself at all. My undergraduate will put me up in the corporate world, but this might as well turn into an amazing gig in the future.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Using the provided dataset in Excel, calculate the appropriate descriptive statistics for the following variables comparing diabetes with no diabetes status: gender, race, salary, education, height, weight, BMI, allergies, family history diabetes, family history allergies. For chi-square tests, report the chi-square value and the p-value (if p-value < 0.05, then the test is significant). For t-tests, report the t-test value and the p-value. Include a 2-3 page description of the descriptive statistics including tables of the summarized data, similar to a “Results” section in a published manuscript or journal article. Use the following online calculators to obtain the results for this analysis.
Chi-Square for Categorical Data: http://www.vassarstats.net/ (Choose “Frequency Data” from the far left, then “Chi-Square, Cramer’s V, and Lambda” from the middle of the page)
Enter in the number of people in each category (e.g. number of women who have diabetes, number of men with diabetes, etc.). Example of a table below:
Diabetes No Diabetes
Female 86 214
Male 36 264
Choose a 2 x 2 table and where A1 = 86, A2 = 36; B1 = 214; B2 = 264
Report the percent of people in each category and the chi-square and p-value. A possible sentence to interpret the results could be:
There are significantly more women (64%) who have diabetes than men (36%).
T-Tests for Continuous Data: http://www.vassarstats.net/ (Choose “t-Tests & Procedure” from the far left, then “Two-Sample t-Test” then click “Independent Samples” under Setup)
Copy and Paste the values for those with diabetes into Sample A and those without diabetes into Sample B, then click Calculate. For instance, copy and paste all of the ages of those with diabetes into Sample A and all of the ages of those without diabetes into Sample B. From the Data Summary window, report the Mean of those with Diabetes (Sample A) and those without Diabetes (Sample B); also report the “t” from the Results box, as well as the two-tailed p-value. A “P” that is <0.05 suggests the result is statistically significant. One way to report such a finding would be to use the following language:
The average age of those with diabetes is __ years and for those without diabetes is ___ years. Those with diabetes were significantly older/younger (p<0.05).
SLP Assignment Expectations
Length: SLP assignments should be at least 2 pages (500 words) in length.
References: At least two references must be included from academic sources (e.g. peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are included. Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from external sources, it MUST be enclosed in quotes. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the end of the assignment in the References section (APA format recommended).
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your paper according to question
Format: APA format is recommended for this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standards guidelines of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
•Achievement of learning outcomes for SLP assignment.
•Relevance—all content is connected to the question.
•Precision—specific question is addressed; statements, facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
•Depth of discussion—points that lead to deeper issues are presented and integrated.
•Breadth—multiple perspectives and references, multiple issues/factors considered/
•Evidence—points are well-supported with facts, statistics, and references.
•Logic—presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
•Clarity—writing is concise, understandable, and contains sufficient detail or examples.
•Objectivity—use of first person and subjective bias are avoided.
I can send the provided assignment excel dataset download if you provide where to send to. Thanks
SAMPLE ANSWER
Descriptive Statistics
Using the provided dataset in Excel, descriptive statistics that are appropriate for variables concerning to diabetes including gender, race, salary, height, weight, as well as BMI. The descriptive statistics calculated using the provided dataset specifically include mean, standard deviation, variance as well as media. These descriptive statistics are mainly concerned with analysis of measurement of central tendency i.e. mean and median as well as measurement of variation i.e. standard deviation and variance.
Table 1: Descriptive Statistics
Age
Salary
Height
Weight
BMI
To feel depressed during the winter
To exercise during the summer
To overeat when stressed out
Mean
50
$54,498
66.98333
159.1133
24.63867
2.993333
3.373333
2.77
Standard Deviation
20
28923.783
3.750102
31.66517
2.231375
1.226773
1.227046
1.315116638
Variance
401
836585199
14.06327
1002.683
4.979035
1.504972
1.505641
1.729531773
Median
50
$50,012
67
161
25
3
4
3
In particular, this SLP assignment will be analyzed the provided dataset using chi-square tests and t-test. For the chi-square tests apart from the descriptive statistics, the report will also include chi-square value as well as the p-value. On the other hand, for the t-tests the report will include the t-test value as well as the p-value.
In addition, the specific numbers of people in the provided the dataset within their specific category i.e. diabetes and no diabetes are determined in order to enable the data analysis to be carried out. A summary of those statistics is presented in the table shown below:
Table 2: Data Summary
Diabetes
No Diabetes
Total
Percentages
Female
56
103
159
53%
Male
53
88
141
47%
Total
109
191
300
Percentages
36.3%
63.7%
100%
Based on the statistics presented in the above table concerning the chi-square obtained from the VassarStats website which is used for statistical computation, particularly in the context of Chi-Square for Categorical Data and specifically using Chi-Square, Cramer’s V, and Lambda in a 2 x 2 table; there are some inferences that can already be done. Some of the inferences based on percentages include:
There are significantly more women (53%) who have diabetes than men (47%).
Additionally, the results of the chi-square test show that the chi-square value is 0.09 and the p-value is <0.0001 an indication that the test is significant meaning that there a significant difference between the number of women who are diabetic compared to men who are diabetic.
T-Tests for Continuous Data
The t-test was used to compare the two groups i.e. Sample A (no diabetes) and Sample B (diabetes) and the t-test reported the t-test value as well as p-value. The t-test values for variables such as age, height, weight as well as BMI are reported in the table shown below. In addition, the two-tailed p-values are also shown and the are all below <0.05 and indication that the tests are significant which means there are significant differences between the two groups (i.e. Sample A and Sample B) with regards to the considered variables.
Table 3: Data Summary
A
B
Total
t-test value
Two-tailed p-value
N
191
109
300
Age
Mean
39.0052
70.5229
50.4567
-20.69
<0.0001
Height
Mean
65.0209
70.422
66.9833
-16.63
<0.0001
Weight
Mean
142.7016
187.8716
159.1133
-16.33
<0.0001
BMI
Mean
23.5628
26.5239
24.6387
-14.35
<0.0001
The average age of those without diabetes is 39 years and for those with diabetes is 70.5 years. Those with diabetes were significantly older/younger (p<0.05).
The average height of those without diabetes is 65.02 centimeters and for those with diabetes is 70.4 centimeters. Those with diabetes were significantly shorter/taller (p<0.05).
The average weight of those without diabetes is 132.7 lbs and for those with diabetes is 187.8 lbs. Those with diabetes were significantly heavier/lighter (p<0.05).
The BMI of those without diabetes is 23.6 and for those with diabetes BMI is 26.5. The BMI for those with diabetes is significantly higher/lower (p<0.05).
References
Corder, G. W. & Foreman, D. I. (2014). Nonparametric Statistics: A Step-by-Step Approach. New York, NY: Wiley.
Greenwood, P. E. & Nikulin, M. S. (1996) A guide to chi-squared testing. New York, NY: Wiley.
Markowski, C. A. & Markowski, E. P. (1990). Conditions for the Effectiveness of a Preliminary Test of Variance.The American Statistician, 44(4), 322–326.
Sawilowsky, S. S. (2005). Misconceptions Leading to Choosing the t Test over the Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney Test for Shift in Location Parameter. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 4(2), 598–600.
VassarStats (2015). Procedures Applicable to Categorical Frequency Data. Available at: http://www.vassarstats.net/ (Accessed on November 26 2015).
VassarStats (2015). t-Tests & Procedures. Available at: http://www.vassarstats.net/ (Accessed on November 26 2015).
Zimmerman, D. W. (1997). A Note on Interpretation of the Paired-SamplestTest. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 22(3), 349–360.
We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!
Economic Factors Influencing RBTTs Marketing Strategies Order Instructions: You will be required to undertake an individual written paper related to a particular organization of your choice.
This organization can be one you work for or one you are
familiar with. The overall aim is to evaluate ways in which changes within the global
economy might impact marketing strategies and activities.
You will be assessed on your ability to:
A. Within a potential future economic scenario, critically evaluate the company’s
strategies for sustainable competitive advantage, segmentation (including
targeting and positioning) and branding
B. Using the same future economic scenario, critically evaluate the potential impact
of the company’s strategies on customer behaviour
C. Identify and critically assess opportunities for growth within the organisation’s
MACRO environments
D. Make clear links to the marketing theory that underpins your work
E. Write a logical, well-presented and accurately referenced piece of work
The length of the report will be 2,500 words +/- 10%. The word count limit is there to test
your skills of conciseness and focus – keep your work relevant to the subject matter.
Key sections with suggestions as to word count:
Contents Approximate
Word Count
1. Brief summary statement of economic
factors your chosen company will operate in ( 200 words)
2. Potential impact on marketing strategies
under the following headings: ( 1400 words )
• Competitive advantage
• Segmentation, targeting and positioning
• Branding
3 Potential impact on customer behaviour and
how it might change ( 400 words )
4 Identify 2 specific growth opportunities in the
company’s macro environments and set out
what the company should do to take
advantage of these ( 500 words )
5 Bibliography (not included in the wordcount)
You will be awarded marks for each of the above sections from with weightings
applied to each.
Submission instructions:
You must submit ONE SINGLE FILE written in Arial 12 with one and a half (1 ½ ) spacing
and the text should be justified.
Note: This is a marketing project and not an economics project. Your marketing lectures will
cover the theoretical content and higher marks will be awarded for.
NB. Please write on businesses in the Caribbean e.g. telecommunication companies ( Cable and Wireless or Digicel or Flow) Banks e.g RBTT, CIBC FirstCaribbean, Bank of Nova Scotia, or Supermarkets ( Super J) ( All business listed are found in the Caribbean)
A Brief Statement of Economic Factors the will Influence RBTT’s Operations…………..4
Analysis of the Potential Impact of Global Economy Changes on RBTT’s Marketing Strategies…………………………………………………………………………………..4
Competitive advantage…………………………………………………………….5
Segmentation, targeting and positioning…………………………………………..6
Positioning…………………………………………………………………………7
Analysis of the Potential Impact of Global Economy Changes on Consumer Behaviour and Possible Change Trends………………………………………………………………8
Growth Opportunities in RBTT’s Macro Environment and the Potential Competitive Advantage…………………………………………………………………………………9
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….11
References……………………………………………………………………………….12
Introduction
As global economy conditions continue to change rapidly and the international market becomes highly competitive, organisations ought to embrace appropriate marketing strategies in order to gain competitive advantage over their competitors. According to Laermer and Simmons (2007) definition of marketing strategy encompasses both long-term and short-term activities dealing with the analysis of an organisation’s initial strategic position, evaluation and selection of marketing approaches that are market-oriented subsequently enabling the organisation goals as well as its marketing objectives to be achieved (Homburg, Kuester and Krohmer, 2009). This paper evaluates ways in which global economy changes might impact upon marketing strategies and activities of RBTT within the Caribbean region. The paper is organised into four main sections covering the keys features that characterize the marketing strategies and activities undertaken by RBTT in order to achieve a sustainable competitive edge in the market. First, a brief summary of economic factors RBTT will operate in are stated. Second, potential impact of changes with global economy on RBTT’s marketing strategies in terms of competitive advantage, market segmentation (i.e. targeting and positioning) as well as branding are is discussed. Third, potential impact of changes with global economy on RBTT’s customer behaviour and its possible change is also discussed. Fourth, two specific growth opportunities in the RBTT’s macro environment are identified and a discussion of how they can be exploited to the bank’s advantage discussed. Finally, the paper concludes by highlighting the importance of aligning RBTT’s marketing strategies and activities for its advantage.
A Brief Statement of Economic Factors that will Influence RBTT’s Operations
RBTT is among the largest banks in the Caribbean and through its extensive banking network it offers diverse financial services by providing commercial and personal banking, investment and corporate banking, wealth management, asset and trust management as well as insurance services (RBTT, 2015). The bank also serves a wide range of clientele including individuals, small and medium enterprises, governments as well as multinational and regional corporations (RBTT, 2015). However, the bank operates in a region and economy sector characterised by numerous economic factors that are likely to vary with changing global economy. This is attributed to the fact that, economic factors constitute some of the basic elements that influence businesses’ financial matters such as interest rates, taxation, labour, government policy and management (Aaker, 2008; Shaw, 2012).
As a result, changes in economic factors are often accompanied by variations in interest rates (i.e. the money charged on loans). Subsequently, there is a direct effect of changes in interest rates on the total or overall prices to be paid on products by borrowers. This means that interest rates determine when, and whether, they will influence consumer purchases of homes, furniture, land, cars, as well as other items likely to be bought on credit. There are usual increases of interest rates during inflation periods, and inflation is a common phenomenon in the Caribbean region and is expected to influence RBTT’s marketing strategies in the market (Baker, 2008).
Analysis of Potential Impact of Global Economy Changes on RBTT’s Marketing Strategies
According to Aaker (2008) the thought of loosing competitive advantage over competitors is the cause of greatest fear the management of any business organisation can fathom. Hence, as changes within the global economy continue to unfold, businesses devise innovative marketing strategies and effectively implement them through feasible marketing plans that are excellently prepared (Baker, 2008). As a result, RBTT’s marketing strategies as well as activities to implement them will be potentially impacted by changes within the global economy (Homburg et al., 2009). Thus, the need for RBTT to make the necessary amendments on its marketing strategies and activities for continued competitive advantage over its competitors in the Caribbean’s banking sector will be inevitable.
In particular, potential impact of global economy changes on the marketing strategies adopted by RBTT will be manifested in three critical aspects such as competitive advantage, market segmentation (through targeting and positioning) as well as branding. Analysis of such potential impact is discussed as follows:
Competitive advantage
RBTT can leverage of the existing environmental factors to achieve competitive advantage. For instance, it can monitor its customer behaviour to develop appropriate marketing strategies for enhanced direct marketing. RBTT can seize available opportunities in the market to achieve a competitive advantage against its competitors in the banking sector within Caribbean region. For example, the bank can leverage on banking technologies to implement advanced information systems for increased operational efficiency and reduction of costs. In addition, RBTT can use technology to increase its utilisation of the Internet in developing new marketing strategies and innovative marketing plans including online advertising which is relatively cheap and efficient (Homburg et al., 2009). Hence, RBTT can innovatively use these banking technologies for its advantage to expand its customer base which is critical for the bank’s growth. Similarly, RBTT can innovatively develop new products and services to be in the forefront to satisfy emerging customer needs and this is an important strategy for the bank to achieve continued customer loyalty. As a result, RBTT can combine these growth opportunities to improve or diversify products and services for its advantage (Baker, 2008).
Segmentation, targeting and positioning
Market segmentation is undoubtedly one of the most powerful marketing strategies adopted by RBTT to ensure that it effectively services its customers in various segments of the market. In particular, RBTT offers a wide range of product assortment through its services and products ranging from credit facilities and current as well as saving accounts to automated and transfer services (RBTT, 2015). Three main services offered by the bank include: accounts (i.e. current accounts, savings accounts, saving plans, standard savings accounts, insured savings plans, and term deposits as well as youth savings account); general loans (i.e. study loans, travel/vacation loans, personal loans, asset purchase loans, mortgages as well as commercial loans); trade services (i.e. letters of credit, payment guarantees, performance guarantees, documentary collection, bid bonds as well as standby letters of credit); transfer services (i.e. international and local transfers, automatic transfers, money gram, pre-authorized automatic payments, as well as standing orders); card services issuance (master cards, Visa cards, debit cards as well as ATM cards such as Cirrus/Maestro); automated and electronic banking services including the RBTT Netbank; insurance (i.e. medical insurance, life insurance, pension insurance as well as car insurance); and finally personal banking and investment services (i.e. trading and investment advise). In addition, RBTT’s market segmentation is focused on three market segment such as mass clients, personal banking and corporate banking. Through these diverse products and services targeting different market segments to ensure that RBTT serves its varied clientele (RBTT, 2015).
Positioning is another important aspect of market segmentation and RBTT has embarked on an ambitious regional expansion strategy which ensures its products and services are closer to customers. To further its market positioning RBTT has adopted multi-channel approach in meeting it clients such promotion and advertisements which has enabled the bank to reach a wider population hence earning them the name Curacao (RBTT, 2015). For further strategic positioning in the market RBTT use ATM machines across the Caribbean region to enable people to conveniently deposit and withdraw cash at any time thus taking banking services closer to people (RBTT, 2015).
Branding
RBTT began its aggressive branding strategy instigated by the changing global economy and embarked on its expansion program by opening subsidiaries across the Caribbean region now carrying the brand RBTT (RBTT, 2015). Changes within the global economy have significantly influenced RBTT’s branding since it entered the Caribbean banking market. For instance, the marketing influences that have been critical for the bank have prioritised on promoting RBTT’s brand image in the market. In its branding strategy, the bank embraced the language of the market by changing its language from English to Dutch and Papiamento and also it continues with communication strategies that ensure that RBTT is in touch with its customers as a critical in promoting the bank’s branding strategy (RBTT, 2015). Furthermore, RBTT enhances its image in an ambitious branding strategy by implementing a new brand as well as logo (image) through donations (e.g. educational projects) and sponsoring (e.g. Curacao Little League) as strategies to ensure the bank’s brand is wide spread. RBTT’s sales approach by organising regular campaigns also significantly contributes to the bank’s branding. In addition, product innovations which results to development of new products and services play a crucial role in enhancing RBTT’s branding when customers associated them to the bank.
Analysis of Potential Impact of Global Economy Changes on Customer Behaviour and Possible Change Trends
A clear and succinct understanding of customer behaviour is the most valuable information any business should always have in order to be successful (Homburg et al., 2009). This is attributable to the fact that, across economy sectors customer behaviours tend to change especially on basis of prevailing changes within the global economy, which necessitates the need to track such changes through customer surveys to determine the underlying causes and undertake appropriate corrective measures (Baker, 2008). For instance, changes within global economy are likely to have potential impact on the behaviour of bank clients in terms of deposits, borrowing and seeking of other financial services and the trend of the impact may either change for better or worse depending on prevailing changes within the global economy. As a result, banks in general need to regularly conduct analysis the behaviour of their clients because this could be strategically helpful for the bank’s management in predicting or forecasting on whether the customer is active or non-active (Aaker, 2008). If customer behaviour analysis indicates that a considerable number of the bank clients are non-active or dormant, this acts as an awakening call for the bank to take up pro-active action targeted to such customers in order to keep them as stable and active customers of the bank in future by undertaking the necessary interventions to ensure they do not switch to competitor bank (The Marketing Donut, 2015).
Considering a foreseen inflation in the global economy, customer behaviour of RBTT’s clients will be potentially impacted. This is due to the fact that, the increase in interest rates which accompany inflation caused by changes in global economy reduces deposits and borrowing by customers as well as declining demand for other financial services attributed to tough economic conditions during periods of inflation (Shaw, 2012). As a result, in order for RBTT to mitigate the potential negative impact caused by the accompanying customer behaviour, there is need to always respond swiftly by developing appropriate incentives such as increasing loan repayment period, providing free consultancy services on viable investments, and devising targeted marketing directed to specific customer groups (The Marketing Donut, 2015).
This potential impact of global economy changes on customer behaviour might change depending on the direction the changes within global economy (Shaw, 2012). For instance, if the inflation period prolongs, the impact on customer behaviour trend might persist or continue to change for the worse; whereas if the inflation period ends, the impact on customer behaviour will definitely change for better. Thus, the management of RBTT within the Caribbean region should always ensure that the bank conducts regular analysis of customer behaviour with regards to changes within the global economy to monitor changes in customer behaviour so that when a negative trend is observed, appropriate marketing strategies are rolled out to mitigate the negative impact (The Marketing Donut, 2015).
Growth Opportunities in RBTT’s Macro Environment and the Potential Competitive Advantage
The ability of any business organisation to seize growth opportunities presented by the prevailing market or economic conditions is critical to achieving sustainable competitive advantage over its competitors in the market (Shaw, 2012). As a result, the seized growth opportunities catapults the business to higher heights compared to its competitors subsequently increasing its profits which eventually enable the business to strengthen its financial muscles. Over the years, RBTT’s operations in the Caribbean region have undergone tremendous growth and development financially, technically as well as in terms of human capital as a result of the bank’s ability and strategies in seeking out and indeed in creating or seizing growth opportunities presented by its macro environment in the interest of its staff, customers and shareholders (RBTT, 2015). However, there are numerous growth opportunities identified in RBTT’s macro environment but only two specific growth opportunities among those identified are to be discussed in this paper together with how the bank can take advantage of them in order to achieve sustainable competitive advantage against its competitors in the market. In particular, the two specific growth opportunities identified are: technological advancements in banking and development innovative/new products and services to meet growing customer needs.
Over the last few years, the banking sector has experienced tremendous technological advancements that have revolutionized the traditional way of doing things (Shaw, 2012). Hence, technological advancements in the banking sector within the Caribbean region and the world over present an immense growth opportunity for RBTT in its macro environment. Technology has over the years undisputedly being the engine of banking sector growth and development. Also, much of the research carried out on the influence of technology on growth of banks show that rate at which change occur in technology as well as market competition intensity are without any doubt the fundamental environmental factors that affect an organisation’s marketing strategies, functioning and performance. Hence, RBTT can leverage on the existing banking technologies to improve its operational efficiency, reduce labour costs, develop and launch new marketing strategies including online presence (Shaw, 2012). These outcomes of embracing banking technologies provide a growth opportunity for the bank because they can be utilised to increase the bank’s profitability and increase its customer base. The other growth opportunity for RBTT in its macro environment is the development of innovative products and services to meet customer needs including products such as tailor-made VISA cards as well as convenient payment services.
RBTT can seize these growth opportunities and take advantage of them to achieve a competitive edge against its competitors in the banking sector within Caribbean region. For example, the bank can leverage on banking technologies to implement advanced information systems for increased operational efficiency and reduction of costs. In addition, RBTT can use technology to increase its utilisation of the Internet in developing new marketing strategies and innovative marketing plans including online advertising which is relatively cheap and efficient (Homburg et al., 2009). Hence, RBTT can innovatively use these banking technologies for its advantage to expand its customer base which is critical for the bank’s growth. Similarly, RBTT can innovatively develop new products and services to be in the forefront to satisfy emerging customer needs and this is an important strategy for the bank to achieve continued customer loyalty. As a result, RBTT can combine these growth opportunities to improve or diversify products and services for its advantage (Baker, 2008).
In conclusion, the aligning RBTT’s marketing strategies and activities is important in ensuring that it achieves competitive advantage. For instance, the bank can leverage on the changing global economy in its market segmentation and branding to attain competitive advantage over its competitors. Furthermore, RBTT can monitor customer behaviour with regards to changing global economy and develop appropriate marketing strategies, while at the same time seizing growth opportunities in its macro environment for its advantage.
Shaw, E. (2012), “Marketing strategy: From the origin of the concept to the development of a conceptual framework.” Journal of Historical Research in Marketing, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 30–55.
