Compare and Contrast Theories of Freewill Compare and contrast the three leading theories of free will: (1) Libertarianism, (2) Hard determinism, (3) Compatabilism.
Compare and Contrast Theories of Freewill
Be sure to correctly summarize each view, and then provide your own analysis of which of these views is closest to the truth. Philosophers who work on free will, moral responsibility, and related issues aim to take folk views on these issues seriously. It is possible that the best theory of free will or moral responsibility will sacrifice at least some widely shared intuitions. At minimum, to take the folk seriously is to be aware of the relation between one’s theory of free will and moral responsibility and relevant commonsense views, such that one is able to justify departures from common sense.
please follow these instruction thoroughly and carefully.
Question 1
In “Extreme and Restricted Utilitarianism,” J.J.C. Smart argues that restricted utilitarianism is incoherent. (Smart uses “utilitarianism” in exactly the way we’ve been using “consequentialism.”) Write a one-page, double-spaced essay that:
(a) Explains the distinction between extreme and restricted utilitarianism
(b) Explains Smart’s argument against restricted utilitarianism.
Smart’s essay is reprinted in The Ethical Life.
Question 2
According to consequentialism, happiness is the only intrinsic value. Happiness, in turn, is a subjective experience: we are happy when we feel pleasure, fulfillment, or excitement; we are unhappy when we feel pain, disappointment, or boredom. In “The Experience Machine,” Robert Nozick argues that happiness is not the only intrinsic value. Read pages 33-35 from The Ethical Life.
Extreme Restricted Utilitarianism Consequentialism Paper Writing Instructions and Guidelines
Write a one-page, double-spaced essay that accomplishes three tasks:
(a) Explain Nozick’s experience machine.
(b) What, besides happiness, does Nozick think is an intrinsic value?
(c) How does Nozick use the experience machine to argue that the value you identified in (b) is intrinsically good? In “Extreme and Restricted Utilitarianism,” J.J.C. Smart argues that restricted utilitarianism is incoherent. (Smart uses “utilitarianism” in exactly the way we’ve been using “consequentialism.”) Write a one-page, double-spaced essay that:
(a) Explains the distinction between extreme and restricted utilitarianism
(b) Explains Smart’s argument against restricted utilitarianism.
Smart’s essay is reprinted in The Ethical Life. Extreme Restricted UtilitarianismConsequentialism The following are instructions for philosophy homework. the writer will have to read the pages that will upload do not do outside research otherwise i will resubmit it. please follow these instruction thoroughly and carefully.
Study of Memory and Test Anxiety It is difficult to separate the study of memory from the study of intelligence, because all too often it is assumed that intelligent people will automatically do better on tests. Study of Memory and Test Anxiety
Study of Memory and Test Anxiety Case Study and Discussion
In this case, let s consider test anxiety, something which can affect both a student s attention during memory formation and the student s psychological state during memory recovery. Study of Memory and Test Anxiety Clawson et al. examined test anxiety as a possible basis for racial differences in standardized test scores (the tests were similar to the SAT or ACT). The students lived in the same town, had gone to school together (it was a fairly small town), and there was no difference in grade point average between the black and white students. Study of Memory and Test Anxiety However, the black students scored significantly worse on the standardized math and language tests. They also had higher test anxiety scores. Of course, the white students with high test anxiety scores also scored poorly on the standardized tests. In a second study, Guida and Ludlow provided similar results for inner-city blacks and students from Chile.
So what s happening here? Why are black students (and some other minority groups) in America experiencing so much more test anxiety even when they sometimes have good grades? What does this tell us about standardized tests like the SAT, ACT, or others? Study of Memory and Test Anxiety What stage(s) of memory do you think test anxiety is most likely to affect (remember, test anxiety can occur when you study, not just when you sit down to take the test)?
Socrates Account of Wisdom in Apology takes up 25% Percent of the whole grade (not counting the extra point question) for this
course.
Socrates Account of Wisdom in Apology
Socrates Account of Wisdom in Apology Each answer should be no less than one page, double space (Please, use Times New Roman
11, normal margination.) Socrates Account of Wisdom in Apology Your answer to each question should be in the form of a short essay. As a
take home exam, you can use the text book and your class note. Socrates Account of Wisdom in Apology
Socrates Account of Wisdom in Apology Preferred Reference Sources
Multiple Intelligences Strategies and Reading Reflection
Which strategies will be the most helpful to include in your unit? Which strategies are new to you? What is something that you found in the reading that you would encourage others to make note of? How specifically do you see these strategies supporting your ELLs in the classroom?
Strategies to encourage active involvement:
Learning centers: extending learning through hands-on practice
Multiple intelligences strategies: teaching and testing to student-preferred learning modes
Strategies for language development:
Leveled questions: adjusting questioning strategies to the language levels of students
Collecting and processing words: making vocabulary your own
Language framework planning: supporting academic language and content acquisition.
Multiple Intelligences Strategies and Reading Reflection Prompt
In this prompt include your reflection of the strategies that you read about. Which strategies will be the most helpful to include in your unit? Which strategies are new to you? What is something that you found in the reading that you would encourage others to make note of? How specifically do you see these strategies supporting your ELLs in the classroom?
Strategies to encourage active involvement:
Learning centers: extending learning through hands-on practice
Multiple intelligences strategies: teaching and testing to student-preferred learning modes
Strategies for language development:
Leveled questions: adjusting questioning strategies to the language levels of students
Collecting and processing words: making vocabulary your own
Language framework planning: supporting academic language and content acquisition Language framework planning: supporting academic language and content acquisition.
Multiple Intelligences Strategies and Reading Reflection In this prompt include your reflection of the strategies that you read about. Which strategies will be the most helpful to include in your unit? Which strategies are new to you? What is something that you found in the reading that you would encourage others to make note of? How specifically do you see these strategies supporting your ELLs in the classroom?
This is an outline that I wrote as an “argument sketch” that my TA gave me a 19/20 for. His comments were: “your thesis is too general to be established with a page but you did have an interesting argument for it.
I suggest you should rephrase your thesis so that it is “defensible.”
We also do “journal entries” on readings that summarize what we’ve read so if you provide an e-mail or something I could send those along to you.
Thesis: It is equally logical to believe that God exists, as it is to believe that God does not exist.
I. Believing that God does not exist ? not believing that God does exist
A lack of positive belief is not the same thing as the presence of a negative belief. While it is perfectly fine to not believe either which way, I believe
it is hypocritical to assert that God does not exist, calling the believer’s argument invalid for lack of sufficient evidence, since there is not sufficient
evidence for God’s nonexistence either. Both beliefs (does exist/does not exist) are of equal logical grounds (and are valid).
II. There is no physical evidence that God does or does not exist
Beliefs that are based on false assumptions are still logically valid following the assumption. ( If P?Q and ¬P, the statement P?Q is still true.) Since there is no physical evidence for either argument, it is impossible to determine the truth value of P, and therefore both arguments are logically valid
following the initial assumptions they claim. I believe that, in fact, it is truly impossible to prove with 100% that any initial assumption is true. Even
physical evidence of widely accepted notions, for example, is detected through imperfect human sensory organs. “I see that the chair is blue?The chair is blue” is 1. Valid and is 2. The assumption that your eyes are trustworthy is impossible to verify. (the argument that you could refer to someone else, asking
“is the chair blue?” fails because no matter how many people you ask, how do you know that you can trust them, or that they can trust their own eyes? And
what does it really mean to be called blue, anyway?)
III. Metaphysical “evidence” is not invalid
Arguers against metaphysical evidence’s validity do not, I think, fully understand what it means to be called valid. Is any evidence provable with 100%
certainty to be true? In Mathematics, for example, proofs and deductions that bring about new knowledge are almost always based on Theorems or Axioms (but rarely “Laws”). Therefore, while all deductions from these theorems are logically valid, should the Theorem be proven false, the deductions are no longer applicable to the universe in which the theorem as been proven false but they are STILL logically valid deductions. If any belief can be accepted as properly basic, the support from which other arguments can draw, then surely any belief that an individual holds in this regard is valid to draw deductions from.
IV. Applicability ? logically valid
The problem with evidence drawn from the metaphysical realm is that it is very difficult to externally verify. If “The Theorem of Sight” claims that eyes are trustworthy, and you see something that you might not at first believe, it is quite simple to ask your neighbor, “Do you see the same thing?”
Now while this does not necessarily prove that you have seen correctly (because though it is unlikely it is possible that both your and your neighbor’s and anyone else’s eyes are faulty) it definitely does support the theorem and therefore follows that the valid deduction drawn from the sight is also applicable because P seems to be true (though NOT proven true). Beliefs based on metaphysical evidence are not as easy to develop a trust for in this way.
If “The Theorem of Revelatory Experience” yields some profound revelation or understanding (yields a belief in God, for example) and you doubt what you have experienced, it is not as easy to ask your neighbor “have you experienced the same thing?” Perhaps they have, in the past, had similar revelations, but an experience like this is very unique to an individual, very personal. And so, while can feel like very strong evidence, it is impossible to externally verify. Any deductions drawn from this experience, though are STILL VALID deductions, based on the premise that you can trust your revelatory experience.
However, it is difficult to prove this P; how do you know that you can trust this? No one else has experienced exactly the same, so how can you trust that what you’ve experienced is trust-worthy? The answer is you can’t. Therefore the applicability of this P?Q is unverifiable. You simply cannot tell whether P is true/can be trusted. This is where the idea of faith comes in. Faith is trusting in your premise without external validation, supposing it to be true. In my previous example, responses from other’s with regard to what image their eyes produce, yields confidence that what you’ve seen is correct, but it does not prove it correct.
In the same way, faith yields confidence in your premise (that you can trust a revelatory experience) without proving it definitely.
Therefore the deductions from both physical and metaphysical evidences are of the same logical validity, though one is easier to trust as applicable.
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Ancient Greece or Rome Western Civilization separate each item with the heading provided please
4-1 Discussion:
Classical Influences Options Menu: Forum Find a work of visual art, architecture, or literature from either Ancient Greece or Rome that appeals to you.
Ancient Greece or Rome Western Civilization
Ensure that your choice was created in the time frames identified here. It should not simply be a depiction of something in this time period.
In your initial post, describe where you can see the influence of your work of art in modern and contemporary times. What elements (its style, ideas,
purpose, principles) can we see reflected in the world today, in art or in other areas, including government, philosophy, social structure, and
entertainment?
Ancient Greece or Rome Western Civilization 4-2 Discussion
The Growth of Christianity Options Menu: Forum Over the last two modules, we have seen Christianity change from the small mystery religion in Roman province
into the dominant and driving religious force in the European world. Think about this transformation. What historical events and figures played a role in
this? Choose one that you feel is most important and discuss in your initial post. If more than two student have chosen this event, please choose another.
Essay 2 pages Overview
The first half of this course has been a story of empires; from Sargon the Great to Augustus, the concept of empire was a prevalent form of state-making in
the Western world. In this assignment, you will analyze three specific aspects of empires and how you’ve seen them at work so far in this course. Your paper
will specifically address the (1) benefits and (2) challenges related to sustaining an empire and (3) how that empire changes the culture of both the
conquerors and the conquered.
These papers are not opinion papers and should not contain your opinion on the events. They should contain your analysis of the topic supported by at least
THREE separate primary sources we explored during this class to provide appropriate perspective on the context of that topic as well as the objectivity of
your analysis. Use specific examples from any of the primary sources throughout the modules to support your analysis. These resources are located within each
module resource folder.
Your paper will also include a works cited section with at least three primary sources to support your analysis.
How Do I Use the Primary Sources to Support My Analysis?
Even if you already examined the source during the module, be sure to re-read the specific source closely. Read it a first time, then a second, and even a
third if necessary.
Ancient Greece or Rome Western Civilization Review
As you review the source, ask yourself these questions:
• Who is the author and what is his or her place in society?
• What is the purpose of the piece? Why was it written?
• What values or ideas are behind the content in the source? How are they different from my own?
• Is the piece credible? Why or why not?
Your analysis will not directly answer all of these questions separately, but the picture that is painted by your answers to these questions is essential in
constructing and supporting your response to the topic as a whole and how you will use the source to support your interpretations.
Refer to the SNHU Shapiro Library History Guide to assist you in researching the author or the period of history in which the source was constructed.
Format
Analysis paper assignments should follow these formatting guidelines: Use of at least three primary sources and secondary sources as needed, 2 to 3 pages
(not including the bibliography section), double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, one-inch margins, and citations in Turabian format.
Questions about the Journey of Metaphysics All questions have to be answered based on the specific textbook I will provide the name and author of.
Questions about the Journey of Metaphysics
File uploaded, contains the 25 questions to be
answered completely.
Glenn Statile, Arthur Gianelli, Kevin Kennedy The Journey of Metaphysics, 5th edition (Boston: Pearson Learning Solutions 2016). The biggest questions are normally left to philosophers: How do I know I exist? Do we have free will? What is reality made of? Why, for that matter, is there anything at all? The many-worlds hypothesis says that the universe splits in two when we observe an object.
Moral Argument for the Case of Walmart In this paper, you need to use Utilitarianism to support your argument.
Moral Argument for the Case of Walmart
You can augment either major theory with issues such as rights, justice, Rawls, virtue ethics or care. And also you need a clear, concise moral argument using a moral standard with theory, premises and a conclusion in your first paragraph. You need nothing more for the first paragraph. The rest of the paper discusses relevant facts and associated ideas in detail as support for the argument.
Second, this paper must be researched. You should use academically appropriate sources such as Academic Search Premier or Philosopher’s Index and/or JSTOR, and use a professional encyclopedia like the Britannica
Dantes Inferno influenced by The Aeneid and Confessions As an epic journey to Hell and back, The Inferno clearly traces its ancestry, in part, to The Aeneid.
Dantes Inferno influenced by The Aeneid and Confessions
As an “autobiographical” record of a spiritual struggle, it also has equally obvious roots in Augustine’s Confessions. We come to this book, then, uniquely well-versed in its literary antecedents. Where do you see the influence of The Aeneid in Dante’s poem? Of Confessions by Augustine? As pointed out in class, and abundantly clear to anyone comparing the two authors, St. Augustine and Dante Alighieri are like oil and water when it comes to their opinion of pagan works such as Virgil’s Aeneid or Homer’s Iliad.
