The Woman Who was not There New Journalism To what extent can The Woman Who Wasn’t There be considered a recent example of American New Journalism?
To what extent can The Woman Who Wasn’t There be considered a recent example of American New Journalism? (Required research: background on American New Journalism, including one book or two essays/ articles published in the 1960s or 1970s and exemplary of American New Journalism.)
New Journalism, American literary movement in the 1960s and ’70s that pushed the boundaries of traditional journalism and nonfiction writing. The genre combined journalistic research with the techniques of fiction writing in the reporting of stories about real-life events.
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The role of the news report, particularly on the local level, has evolved into something far closer to the entertainment beat.
As local news expands deeper into morning and afternoon time slots and more 24 hour news channels, including online only iterations like CBSN, are created the demand for young, personable talent who can cover a wide range of stories as a one-person crew has grown. See if you can find both online stories or perhaps reach out directly to the RTNDA for stats and stories to support it.
Don’t ignore the sports angle as well Bleacher Report, CBS HQ and ESPN plus have also added opportunities, and there is enough precedence of sports reporters crossing to news Robin Roberts and Michael Strahan to name two to warrant that as a route.
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Which major corporations, businesses, and administrations are mainly responsible for the funding of journalism in Canada? Are there any advantages or disadvantages for these companies who use their own resources in order to reach the general public through journalism?
Funding of journalism in Canada
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
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How China’s “re-education” camps were covered in the UK, US, Europe and Muslim Country Media
This is a NEWS FRAMING ANALYSIS for the module about Media Sociology and Reporting on Politics.
The Style of referencing should be – Leeds Harvard.
COMM5540M The Reporting of Politics
How the topic of China’s “re-education” camps were covered in the UK, US, Europe and Muslim Country Media?
Introduction
Currently, there is a worlwide interest in the topic of so-called Chinese re-educational camps. Consequently, there are a large volume of mass media products about Uighurs and other muslim minority crackdowns in China. The problem was firstly raised by Human Rights Organization in first decade of 2018, however, the topic gained enourmous popularity by the end of the same year. According to the report of Human Rights Watch, China’s Government “stepped up repression” against 13 million Muslims, mostly consisting of Uighurs and ethnic Kazakhs, in Xinjiang region (Human Rights Watch, 2018). But Chinese side actively denies all accusations and explains the existence of “training centers” as a part of a plan against separatism (Luu et al., 2018).
Framing theory was defined by Erving Goffman as a way of structuring an individual’s perception of society (Lanzi, 2013). Goffman explained the importance of Framing as a powerful tool to influence peoples mind, preferences and choices. That is one of the reasons why mass media outlets actively use framing. The News framing analysis directed to distinguishing particular criterias of selection and notice some repeated patterns, which also would be done in this paper. In order to have a broader view and understand media effects on people, the covering of the aforementioned topic in the mass media of the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and Muslim countries would be compared.
The main body of News framing analysis will be divided into two parts – the covering in newspapers and on TV. The first part will focus on four newspapers – The Washington Post, The Independent, Le Monde and Hurriet Daily News. In the second part I analysed materials of four Television companies – CNN, BBC, France 24 and Al-Jazeera. My choice can be justified by the fact that each of these media outlets is the major source of information with big audience and has a high impact to the public in their contries. The phrase “China’s camps” was used as a search prompt. I took 1 random article in each newspaper and 2 stories in TV (1 short story or live, 1 analytical reportage). Timeframe taming was May 2018 to current time.
The Covering in Newspapers
In this section repeated patterns in four newspapers about the situation in China are shown as well as differences. Paticularly, the various techniques namely priming, agenda-setting, framing through language choices, etc. are highlighted in the text below and supported by examples.
The Washington Post
A search for “China’s camps” on the website of The Washington Post popped up at least dozens of articles with very sensational headlines such as “China is brainwashing more than a million uighurs”, “China has put 1 million Muslims in concentration camps”, “China is expanding war on Islam”, etc. However, due to the limited access within the system of Paywalls, the editorial article through Nexis service was choosen.
In the choosen article all four functions of substantive framing can be seen (Entman, 2004). The authors define conditions of the situation as problematic by concrete headline (Anon, 2018) and expressions such as “massive indocrination”, “interment drive”, “crisis”, “crisis against an entire people”. The paper ignores the official call “re-education centres” and replace it by “concentration camps”, “spartan camps”, etc. Strong words namely “repression”, “punishing” “imprisonment”, “ubiquitous surveillance system”, “harassing Uighurs”, “jails”, etc. also contributes to shaping certain image about the situation in Xinjang. Preventing actions against terrorism and extremism identified as causes of the problem. However, the author express personal opinion saying that the official Chinese version does not make any sense. An element of moral judgement can be seen at the end of article (“Trump administration has done little”, “United States did not join. It should”, “United States should stand with other liberal democracies”). From the paper’s editorial perspective, there are several solutions: to legislate The Uighur Human Rights Policy Act of 2018; to create a US special coordinator in China who make the Chinese Governent accountable to the violations of human rights; and to sanction the companies, that provide specific technical equipment for Chinese side. The latter also exemplifies the last function of substantive framing – endorsing remedies (Entman, 2004).
Thus, strongly condemned and subjective policy of The Washington Post towards China’s Government exists.
The Independent
The situation in China was presented to the British audience by many media outlets. But for this analysis The Independent was chosen due to their self-claimed “politically independent” direction in covering of all events.
Entman (2004) emphasyse in his book about Framing Theory that the conflicts and developments in foreign affairs are the most interesting. Obviously, the stuff of The Independent aware about it. Because the headline of choosen article (Shih and Kang, 2018) is the most sensational and provocative in comparison with other three (“Muslims forced to drink alcohol and eat pork in China’s “re-education” camps, former inmate claims”). The authors put first the information about suicide attemptings of the interviewed person. The Chinese official side stated later on in two small paragraphs, while the overall word count of this article is 3400. Unbalanced proportion, according to the framing technique, might be motivated by the desire to prioritize the “victim’s” side and neglect the side of “villains”. Whole article is constructed on the testimonies of three people.
As the The Washington Post, the scale of the situation definied by The Independent as enourmous and urgent. The claims of experts such as “the largest mass incarceration”, “cultural cleansing”, “the worst human rights violations in history” was provided repeatedly. What distinguishes this article from other three is concentration on tiny details and ingenious use of literary techniques. For instance, “Mr Bekali, who broke down in tears”, “the sound of misery”, “many people will never recover”, “the saddest experience of life”, “a knife cut a hole in my chest”, etc. Authors also provided offensive phrases of camps instructors about Uighur women, description of the types of punishment and the inner psychological conditions of “detainees”.
Overall, this article helps British audience to adopt vision of the situation in China as a total injustice, fear, despair, and helplessness.
Le Monde
For the analysis of the Europian perspective on “China’s camps” the French Newspaper Le Monde has choosen. The reason for that the outstanding history of French press amongs other Europeans (Benson, 2010) and strong trust of french people to this media outlet.
Despite the existence of some elements of framing in Le Monde, the coverage of China’s “vocational” camps in choosen article (Anon, 2018) is well-balanced and objective. The author does not escalate the ‘crisis’, although the secrecy of “cleansing mission” can be seen between the lines and thanks to visual materials. The first photo illustrates two chinese policemen, one of them is raising the hand and trying to obstruct the work of photo-correspondents; the second one is holding a firearm. Other visual materials, such as a map and a photo from the protest in Turkey, are rather informative, rather negative.
The language use is more balanced, discreet. The author does not overuse strong expressions, all references to camps put in the quotation marks and mostly named as “secret internment camps”. The background explanation and motives of Chinese Government are also provided. The aithor also added the position of the US and EU, the latter has decided to stop deportation of illegal Migrants-Uighurs to the China until the situation will be changed.
Nevertheless, some strong expressions such as “torture” and “brainwashing” were mentioned.
Hurriyet Daily News
Despite the fact that situation with Uighurs crackdown was widely reported on Western and European countries, the mass media of Middle East countries remained silent. Turkish officials broke media silence in October 2018, they admitted the “problematic” situation in China and encouraged Arab countries to cover it. Due to the limited number of newspapers are covering the main topic, the Hurriyet Daily News has been choosen for analysis.
The coverage of Chinese “re-education” camps in Hurriyet Daily News can heardly been considered as an objective and professional case. Because the main difference of Turkish media that they frame the governmental bodies of both countries as “villains” – Chinese side for “harassing” the human rights of Muslim minority and Turkish side for double standarts. Because the newspaper expecting from Turkish government the discontinuation of the cooperation with China. However, the situation with uighurs itself are neglected. Thus, it seems to be that the journalists of this newspaper trying to set up a clear agenda and push Turkish Government to stop all projects with China.
To sum up, the comparison of four newspapers revealed that the headlines and the beginning of all newspapers have the same elements of negativity towards China. However, they have used different visual imaginery. The framing techniques were widely used in American and British press, while the French Press has provided the most balanced vision of the choosen event.
The Covering on Television
This part considers similarities and differencies in the covering of the main topic by paying specific attention to the headlines, the visual materials, the tone of voiceovers, the questions and comments of TV-hosts before or after the material, language choice, etc.
CNN
On the web-site of an American Cable News Network (CNN) channel can be found around eight materials about China’s camp. Both choosen news stories for this analysis exemplify a clear framing approach of news coverage.
From the perspective of journalistic professionalism, CNN provides the information in a bias and subjective way. The evidence for that personal opinion of a host, that is expressed during Live with Reuters journalist, or leading questions to him (CNN Live, 2018). For example, she notes that the clip from the camps demonstrates a “weird surreal moment”. She also asks about to what extent the actions of Uighurs are staged or do the Chinese Government honestly believe that the centers are educational and effective. Hence, she is sowing the seeds of doubts in audience minds. During this Live a grimace of host’s face (CNN Live, 2018, 00:03:57-00:04:01) is another clear sign of framing.
The second analytical reportage of CNN is different from the materials of other channels in a number of important details. First of all, it has very sensational headline – “Uighur refugee describes horror inside Chinese camps”. Secondly, the author puts first the information about alleged deaths of baby and other detainees. Thirdly, the tone of author’s voice always changes when he notes the official version of China (CNN, 2019, 00:00:23-00:00:25; 00:00:32-00:00:35), which supported by the grimace on the face of author. Moreover, there is a plenty of very strong and emotional expressions such as “three years of nightmare”, “torture”, “this is part of much larger frightnening pattern”, “the climate of fear”, “desperate appeal on youtube”, “incarceration”, “they are terrified”, “a lot of prisoners die in detention”, and so on. The camps themselves are referred to as “internment camps”, “jail”, and “prison”. Finally, the reportaje was finished by strong phrase about China’s Government that allegedly killed the baby. Accordingly, all these factors frame the situation in China as a terrible tragedy and total despair, where the officials are “killers”.
BBC
In contrast to CNN, the covering of main topic by British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) seems more trustworthy. Because in addition to Uighurs testimonies and expert’s opinion BBC provided the satellite photographs, the statistics of building processes in China for the last several months, the official noticies on the doors of missing uigurs, etc (BBC News, 2018). The language use is more discreet; the journalists refers to the camps as “hidden camps”.
However, British channel also failed to provide well-balanced and full vision of the event in China. The personal opinion of journalist is expressed at the beginning of the story (“but it looks more like a prison”, “they do not want to see”, “grim details”, etc.). The local police forces interrupting the process of journalist’s work and blocking the way “to the truth” were repeatedly shown five times in material that lasts less than 5 minutes. (BBC News, 2018, 00:00:03 – 00:00:05; 00:00:06 – 00:00:09; 0:01:30 – 00:01:35; 00:02:34 – 00:02:45; 00:04:21 – 00:04:32). Another noticeable fact is the number of detained Uighurs. In contrast to other Channels that reported about 1 million and above “inmates”, the BBC told about 8 million people (BBC News, 2018, 00:01:50-00:01:55). In addition, the author develops a large scale of event by next expressions – “expanded on the massive scale”, “it is a part of something much bigger”, “it could be one of the biggest detentional facilities in the world”. The second analytical reportage mostly used the anxious sound effects and special deep cold voice-tone of the author, reminding the horror movie, in order to convey worried and unpleasant emotions. The language use of the second story is more concrete and harsh – “monster’s crime is taking place”, “the massive concentration”, “it could be an astonishing figure”, “the Chinese government cannot deny the shots from the space”, “The chinese Gulag”; “detainees” described as robots, that have lost their souls or lost their memory after car crush (BBC Newsnight, 2018). The journalist also put the interview with alleged “inmate” that describes the types of torture in details (BBC Newsnight, 2018, 00:06:12 – 00:06:29). Special attention should be payed to the last sentence of the material about China, that “has gone back to the harshest cruelties of German time, to mass incarceration, torture and brainwashing”. After the material the TV-host provides the version of Chinese Embassy, that after reportage will likely be perceived as a complete lie. Thus, there is no doubts that BBC is setting up a clear agenda…
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What Is the Most Scandalous News Event ASSIGNMENT: Discussion One
Part ONE: Please post your response to Part One by 11:59 PM on March 3
One of the most important things is that we create a virtual community. We may not be in a physical classroom together, but we are very much a class. To that end, please tell us who you are, why you are taking this class, and if you have any concerns about the course.
What Is the Most Scandalous News Event
Then answer this: what is the most scandalous or controversial news event you can think of? It can be current or have occurred in the past (100s of years in the past if you wish). You cannot repeat something that has already been said by someone! In AT LEAST FIVE SENTENCES explain why you think this news event got so much attention.
NOTE: My definition of the word “scandal” is very broad; I basically mean a specific news event that garnered a lot of media attention. Please do NOT choose an issue (i.e., gay marriage or the drinking age). The second paper we write this semester will be an argument regarding an issue. This assignment requires you to select a particular historical or current event that received widespread media coverage.
about my self
(I am greeting everyone! My Name is(…..). I am taking this course because it is necessary for any context to be able to synthesize facts and reading into a compelling argument cogently. Such a skill will help me succeed not only within the parameters of this course but also thought my student’s life and work life. By taking this course, therefore, I am hoping to hone my analytic skills in tandem to mastering persuasive essays. I am also looking forward to many insightful and intellectually stimulating exchanges with my fellow peers! I do have worries because it is straightforward to lose track of deadline or reading material or I can’t stay on top of things.
I am currently pursuing a degree in Civil Engineering.
I have been enrolled in NJIT college since the fall of 2017.
If I could live the rest of my life in a movie, I would choose the Harry Potter universe. Using spells would render small chores obsolete, and I could essentially conjure the
American Dream for myself! (I’m surprised the Wizarding World is not more of a commune given the fact that everyone at will can summon food, water, and shelter).
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Watch these links and include some basic details: the
name of the anchor, the network he/she works for,
the stories covered. Then analyze and compare the shows:
What did you like? What did you not like? Did you think heir choice of stories made sense? How were the stories different? How were the approaches different? What show did you prefer? Why? What anchor did you prefer?
Why? Are they doing what I’ve been telling you to do?
Are they following good broadcast writing style?
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Elements of Journalism and Challenges Journalists Face Description 1. Select then define three of the following elements of journalism:
– Journalism’s first obligation is to the truth – Its first loyalty is to citizens – Its essence is a discipline of verification – Its practitioners must maintain independence from those they cover – It must serve as a monitor of power – It must provide a form of public criticism and compromise – It must strive to make the significant interesting and relevant – It must present the news in a way that is comprehensive and proportional – Its practitioners have an obligation to exercise their personal conscience – Citizens have rights and responsibilities when it comes to the news as well-even more as they become producers and editors themselves 2. Use two current news events (within the last 6 months) to illustrate and support your argument for why these are the biggest challenges facing journalists today 3. Attribute all information to the source(s) it comes from.
The Increased Sexualization of Women in the Media Assessment Criteria are descriptions of the skills, knowledge or attributes students need to demonstrate in order to complete an assessment successfully and Grade-Related Criteria are descriptions of the skills, knowledge or attributes students need to demonstrate to achieve a certain grade or mark in an assessment.
Assessment Criteria and Grade-Related Criteria for module assessments will be made available to students prior to an assessment taking place. More information will be available from the module leader. The Professional Project follows on from last term’s module Management in the Creative Sector, which helped you develop the skills you need to run a research project and to think critically about the role of research for the creative /cultural industry sector.
The Increased Sexualization of Women in the Media Research Project
This term, on The Professional Project, you will be devising a substantial independent research project yourself and with support from your tutor and peers – bring it to fruition. Developing this project is designed to extend your skills of independent critique, your knowledge of the creative industries, your abilities of professional practice, and to help you develop ideas about how you might make a difference to an area that interests you. The Professional Project involves the production of a 6000--word report. This will conduct in-- depth research into one particular aspect of a specific sector, practice or organisation. Your project will explore how this aspect affects its character, competitiveness and sustainability. The project needs to incorporate a rationale for your choice of issue, a full analysis of current strategies used to address the issues, recommendations and conclusions. In formal terms, the project should include an abstract, an introduction, a review of relevant literature, a discussion of your methodology, the research and analysis, and a discussion of the wider implications of your study
Visual Editorial in The New York Daily Forward I. Primary source analysis
II. Making connections
III. Topical Essay I. Primary source analysis (20%) Suggested length 250-300 words, about 1 page
Examine this source: This is a version a poster shown in class as it appeared in the New York Daily Forward, a Yiddish-language newspaper, on November 1,
1936 (shortly before the 1936 election).
Note that it is not an advertisement, but a kind of visual editorial, i.e. sponsored by the paper rather than an
outside client placing an ad. The translation reads as follows: top-center Forward; top-right, Art Section; below, Roosevelt, The Worker’s Choice.
Visual Editorial in The New York Daily Forward Questions
Now consider this question: In class we discussed how this poster illustrated how workers (and Americans in general) pushed FDR to shape New Deal policies
towards goals he might not have originally intended. How does this image’s appearance in a Jewish newspaper affect that interpretation? Does it reinforce or complicate, expand or narrow the claim? In your answer, be sure to discuss the visual details as well as the context for the image, and consider what else
about the Great Depression era might it relate to.
II. Making connections (40 pts.) Suggested length = 500-600 words, about 2 pages.
Choose three sources assigned in the syllabus from the Great Depression to the 1960s (Oct 8-Nov 7). You may choose any sources you like which will help you
to answer the question, with the one restriction that each source MUST be drawn from a different week
Using these three sources as your central examples, write an analytical, thesis-based essay that answers the following question:
Taken together, F.D. Roosevelt’s Four Freedoms – of expression and of religion, from fear and from want – represented a new and renewed vision of national
ideals that many mid-century Americans embraced. According to your sources, how and why did these ideals become significant in a changing American economy,
culture, politics, or foreign policy between the 1930s and the 1960s
Visual Editorial in The New York Daily Forward Notes
A few notes:
• Your response should develop a thesis that declares a particular focus or angle on the question. We don’t expect you to be able to cover each ideal
individually, so you will want to spend some time thinking about how to define and limit your scope. You may, for example, choose one or two ideals to focus
on rather than all, or illustrate how different ideals became important at different moments. Being explicit about how and why you decided upon the
theme/thesis/selection of sources is part of developing a well-argued essay.
• Proving whether or not the nation lived up to the ideal(s) is less important than explaining WHY and HOW they continued to be important ideals for many
Americans, despite some major changes in American life in those four decades. And, an ideal can remain significant, even if its definition might change over
time or if people interpret it differently.
• For your three central sources you should choose those labeled Sources in D2L, whether they are readings, images such the Dust Bowl photographs, or videos
including I Love Lucy and the Eyes on the Prize documentaries that we watched in class. Lecture material and Foner are not generally considered sources in
this case, although it may be helpful to refer to those or other sources besides the central ones you choose. Be aware, however, that you have limited space
and the main focus of your analysis should concentrate on the three examples. You should organize your essay around those three and use others to help with
context.
III. Topical Essay (40 pts.) Suggested length = 500-600 words, about 2 pages.
Answer ONE (1) of the following questions in an analytical, thesis-based essay. Be sure to offer a clear response to the question, draw upon historical
contexts learned in the course, and discuss relevant and specific examples drawn from articles, sources, and lectures. Do not base your essay entirely on
lecture material; you should incorporate at least three (3) relevant course readings into your answer (i.e. sources, the Davidson & Lytle article, and
the Foner text).
a) The Cold War policy of containment generated new American mindsets in two arenas: the nation’s relationship to global politics, and the approaches to life
at home. While the 1959 “Kitchen Debate” clearly illustrated that these two arenas became closely linked, in which area would you argue containment made the
most significant impact between the late 1940s and the early 1960s: foreign policy or domestic culture?
OR
b) It sometimes seems like the Civil Rights Movement came from nowhere, started with the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education, and that only
young people were brave enough to protest. But there is also evidence to suggest a longer history of activism and contextual factors that contributed to its
success. Which would you argue was more responsible for Civil Rights victories in the 1960s: the intensity and actions of the younger generation or the
legacy and context they relied upon?
Concern on Object of Popular Culture for Gender in Media own close reading and analysis of a film, tv show, advertisement, music video, or other “object” of popular culture, as a way to investigate ideas about gender in the media
For this paper, you will be performing your own close reading and analysis of a film, tv show, advertisement, music video, or other “object” of popular
culture, as a way to investigate ideas about gender in the media. Judith Butler’s essay and the film Miss Representation will serve as your two main sources,
from which you will draw theoretical and applied ideas about cultural representations and “performances” of gender. This does not necessarily mean you must
agree absolutely with Butler or Miss Representation; whether your own argument follows their ideas or diverges from them, you will need to carefully analyze
their ideas and show precisely how and why your own thesis says something different.
Concern on Object of Popular Culture for Gender in Media Primary Sources
Your primary source will be up to you to choose. It may be something that explicitly deals with gender issues (either subversively, like No Doubt’s “Just a
Girl” or problematically, like Robin Thicke’s “Blurred Lines”) or something that reveals embedded or internalized ideas about gender. If you feel your
argument will be best supported by focusing on Butler’s essay more than the film, or the film more than the essay, that is fine, but you must show that you
are considering the ideas and problems presented by both. You must also demonstrate a thorough understanding of the arguments in your secondary sources, and
must provide specific textual references (i.e., quotations). Your ability to present an understanding of these sources and to use them to effectively support
your argument will constitute a significant portion of the paper’s grade.
We will work in the next few classes on questions and modes of analysis to use in close readings of primary material, as well as a continuing discussion of
Butler’s ideas and the film. It will be important for you to understand and engage with these discussions, so that you are best prepared to construct a
strong and effective argument for your paper.