Philosophy Archives | Page 5 of 16

The advantages of Hofstede cultural dimension

Assessment – Individual essay (1000 words maximum)
Please read the article and answer all question below.

Culture provides a guide or the directions for how we think and behave . cateora et al. (2011)
defines the five elements of culture as value, rituals, symbols, beliefs ant thought processes .
cultural values that can influence business have been found in the work of Geert Hofstede . Hofstede identified four cultural dimensions that can have a profound impact on the business environment . individualism/collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity/femininity .

The individualism/collectivism dimension of culture refers to how self-oriented members of a culture are in their behavior . Individualist cultures place high value on individual achievement and self interest . The United States is an example of an individualistic culture . Collectivist cultures value working toward collective goals and group harmony . Mexico and several countries in Asia adhere to more collectivistic principles . The power distance dimension refers to the power inequality between superiors and subordinates .

The United States has some elements of both a higher and a lower power distance culture . Over the years, the U.S. business environment has adopted forms of management, such as participative management, that place supervisors and subordinates on more equal terms . Arab countries score higher on the power distance dimension . Cultures with high power distance tend to be more hierarchal .

Uncertainty avoidance refers to how members of a society respond to uncertainty or anbiguity .
Cultures that score high on the uncertainty avoidance dimension, such as Great Britain, tend to avoid risk taking . Organisations within these cultures may have more rules in place to ensure that empoyees do not deviate from accepted standards . Cultures with less uncertainty avoidance, such as Canada , believe that risk-taking and innovation are important in achieving successful outcomes outcomes . A key question involves how culture affects consumer behavior around the world . For instance, how would the individualism versus collectivism index in Hofstede’s framework influencethe purchase of clothing, a smartphone, or an ipad in the different countries of Japan , the United States, and France ?
Why are KFC, Subway,and McDonald’s successful in most countries, even when they have significantly different cultures ? Are there other reasons for these companies success ?
Another area of interest is how the culture of a country influences the culture of a business .

Organisations that become global have to adjust to many different environments . Many of these companies focus on the diversity of employees in dealing with customers in different countries . While Hofstede describes the cultural values of people in different countries , organisational cultures are different . The culture of employees working in global businesses may be different from the national culture of one country . This is because businesses develop their own values and culture . However, do these values always reflect the national culture ? Organisational values are specific to a mission statement that guides conduct and relationships with shareholders . Organisational values may not be the same as individual values in that they are identified and supported by top management to develop a shared understanding for expected behaviour . Values are selected by leadership to make sure everyone understands what the organisation stands for , inluding ethical behaviour and social responsibility . Organisation values should be highly visible and demonstrated effectively by managers .

An organisation’s culture is based on values, norms, and behaviour . Unlike values, norms are behavioural expectations and have a high degree of specificity and clarity and require desirable behaviours in the form of policies and procedures . Accelerating change in communication, especially social media and social sharing, could be changing the nature of culture and its impact on both individuals and organisations . On the other hand, national culture may be important in marketingfor organisations and understanding consumer behaviour .

Sources.Ferrell,O.C. and Fraedrich, J, 2015. Business ethics. decision making and cases . Nelson Education .

References

Cateora, P..R. , M. C. Gilly ,, J.L. Graham (2011). International Marketing, 15th edition
New York, NY. McGrawHill/Irwin.

Hofstede,G, .2010 Geert Hofstede. National cultural dimensions.

Questions,

1 Critically evaluate the suggestions made in the article on Hofstede’s cultural dimensions .
2 Which do you agree with and which do you disagree with ? Justify your position.
3 Are there any other suggestions you would like to make ?

This assessment addresses the following outcomes.

LO1 Apply techniques in analysing and interpreting information
LO2. Apply critical thinking skills on comprehension .

We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!

Federalist Paper Summary Available Here

Federalist Paper Summary

FEDERALIST PAPER 51
Link: http://www.let.rug.nl/usa/documents/1786-1800/the-federalist-papers/the-federalist-51.php

Assignment #2 must be a minimum of 1000 words to receive full credit. I’d like for you to pick one of the 85 Federalist Papers(#51 LINK ATTACHED) written and give me a two page summary in your own words. This is a comprehension and regurgitation exercise. I want you to pick one Federalist Paper, read it and understand it, then, in your own words, explain it to someone else in your paper.

You do not need to include a reference page, in-text citations nor does your paper have to be APA or MLA. Aside from summarizing the Federalist Paper essay you choose, and the 1000 word minimum, your paper must be 85% or higher original to you. Any paper that is more than 15% plagiarized will receive a zero for this assignment.

We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!

Professional Philosophy Statement Assignment

Professional Philosophy Statement Assignment Your professional philosophy will include the following, at a minimum:

o Introductory paragraph(s) should include the philosophy/belief statement from your concentration

o At least one paragraph focusing on some or all of the eight areas below. You may add to the list, or not include areas about which you do not feel strongly.

The value of your profession
Your style of leadership
The application of recognized professional practices
The role of education (both formal and informal)
Ethical behavior
Relationship to people, e.g. respect for ethnic and cultural diversity
Serving as a role model
And other areas that are important to YOU

o Concluding paragraph(s) should include a summation of your Professional Philosophy. Do not introduce new concepts in the closing paragraph. Everything summarized in the final paragraph should have already been discussed.

Deontological Ethics Assignment Paper

Deontological Ethics

Summarize the lecture notes and apply them to a “real” life situation happening in the news. Provide the news article in your summary.

Lecture 13: The Philosophy of Deontology

1. Deontological Ethics – a philosophy that relies on duties and principles as bases for making ethical decisions also so called deontology

2. Deontological Ethics is a branch of ethical study that asserts that ethical choices arise from personal allegiance to principles that are relatively unchanging and on-going.

3. Immanuel Kant is a noted German Philosopher of the 18th century known for the principle of the “categorical imperative”. Kantians hold that moral laws are often internalized in the human conscience, providing access to ethical principles

4. The Categorical Imperative is the principle that an ethical decision applied to one person should be able to be applied equally to everyone, with few exceptions.

5. Additionally people should not be treated as means to an end. This suggests that a fundamental decision made about one member of a group ought to be “universalizable”. Nor should people decide moral questions on the bases of convenience or self-interest.

6. “Universalizable” means that the guiding principle is to be applied equally to all members of society.

7. Any deviations from this would need to be established as exceptions

We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!

Cultural preference for individualism

Find an online advertisement or a webpage that you feel strongly reflects a cultural preference for individualism.

List 5 aspects of the ad or webpage that reflect this individualism and then discuss 5 things about the ad or webpage that you would change if it was aimed at members of a collectivist culture.
Include the URL? to the ad or webpage in your post.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!

Plato’s Gorgias Research Assignment

Plato’s Gorgias

In Plato’s Gorgias, callicles says to Socrates: ”… For the truth is, Socrates, that you who pretend to be engaged in the pursuit of truth, are appealing now to the popular and vulgar of right, which are not natural, but only conventional. Convention and nature are generally at variance with one another….” What does Callicles mean? What is his view of natural justice? How, according to Callicles, does it differ from conventional justice? Meanwhile, Thrasymachus states in Plato’s Republic that ” justice is nothing else than the interest of the stronger…” What do you take thrasymachus to be saying? How does Socrates challenge Thrasymachus’s definition of justice? What is your view of Thrasymachus’s claim that the rulers, who rule because they are strong, infallibly know what is in their best interests? Please compare and contrast the two accounts of justice mentioned above. Are callicles and thrasymachus basically making the same point? If their views of justice differ, how do they differ? How does Palmer characterize rational thought in the first chapter of his textbook? Is there a difference between thinking rationally and asserting one’s strength? Please explain your views, be thorough, and show that you have read the material closely.

We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!

Philosophy of religion Research Assignment

Philosophy of religion

Response Paper Instructions

Having completed the unit of philosophy of religion, you are now ready to respond to an article written by an actual atheist. This article titled “On Being an Atheist,” was written by H. J. McCloskey in 1968 for the journal Question. McCloskey is an Australian philosopher who wrote a number of atheistic works in the 1960s and 70s including the book God and Evil (Nijhoff, 1974). In this article, McCloskey is both critical of the classical arguments for God’s existence and offers the problem of evil as a reason why one should not believe in God. Please note the following parameters for this paper:

Your assignment is to read McCloskey’s short article found in the Reading & Study folder in Module/Week 7 and respond to each of the questions below. Your instructor is looking for a detailed response to each question.

The response paper is to be a minimum of 1,500 words (not including quotes) and must be written as a single essay and not just a list of answers to questions.

The basis for your answers must primarily come from the resources provided in the lessons covering the philosophy of religion unit of the course (Evans and Manis, Craig, and the presentation) and these sources must be mentioned in your paper. You are not merely to quote these sources as an answer to the question—answer them in your own words.

You may use other outside sources as well, as long as you properly document them. However, outside sources are not necessary. Each of the questions can be answered from the sources provided in the lessons.

While the use of the Bible is not restricted, its use is not necessary and is discouraged unless you intend to explain the context of the passage and how that context applies to the issue at hand in accordance with the guidelines provided earlier in the course. You are not to merely quote scripture passages as answers to the questions. Remember this is a philosophical essay not a biblical or theological essay.

While you may quote from sources, all quotations must be properly cited and quotes from sources will not count towards the 1,500 word count of the paper.

You may be critical of McCloskey, but must remain respectful. Any disparaging comment(s) about McCloskey will result in a significant reduction in grade.

Please note that this paper will be submitted through SafeAssign, which is a plagiarism detection program. The program is a database of previously submitted papers including copies of papers that have been located on the Internet. Once submitted, your paper will become part of the database as well. The program detects not only exact wording but similar wording. This means that if you plagiarize, it is very likely that it will be discovered. Plagiarism will result in a 0 for the paper and the likelihood of you being dropped from the course.

Specifically, you must address the following questions in your paper:

McCloskey refers to the arguments as “proofs” and often implies that they can’t definitively establish the case for God, so therefore they should be abandoned. What would you say about this in light of Foreman’s comments in his “Approaching the Question of God’s Existence” presentation?

On the Cosmological Argument:

McCloskey claims that the “mere existence of the world constitutes no reason for believing in such a being [i.e., a necessarily existing being].” Using Evans and Manis’ discussion of the non-temporal form of the argument (on pp. 69–77), explain why the cause of the universe must be necessary (and therefore uncaused).

McCloskey also claims that the cosmological argument “does not entitle us to postulate an all-powerful, all-perfect, uncaused cause.” In light of Evans and Manis’ final paragraph on the cosmological argument (p. 77), how might you respond to McCloskey?

On the Teleological Argument:

McCloskey claims that “to get the proof going, genuine indisputable examples of design and purpose are needed.” Discuss this standard of “indisputability” which he calls a “very conclusive objection.” Is it reasonable?

From your reading in Evans and Manis, can you offer an example of design that, while not necessarily “indisputable,” you believe provides strong evidence of a designer of the universe?

McCloskey implies that evolution has displaced the need for a designer. Assuming evolution is true, for argument’s sake, how would you respond to McCloskey (see Evans and Manis pp. 82–83)?

McCloskey claims that the presence of imperfection and evil in the world argues against “the perfection of the divine design or divine purpose in the world.” Remembering Evans’ comments about the limitations of the conclusion of the cosmological argument, how might you respond to McCloskey’s charge about the teleological argument?

On the Problem of Evil:

McCloskey’s main objection to theism is the presence of evil in the world and he raises it several times: “No being who was perfect could have created a world in which there was avoidable suffering or in which his creatures would (and in fact could have been created so as not to) engage in morally evil acts, acts which very often result in injury to innocent persons.” The language of this claim seems to imply that it is an example of the logical form of the problem. Given this implication and using Evans and Manis’ discussion of the logical problem (pp. 159–168, noting especially his concluding paragraphs to this section), how might you respond to McCloskey?

McCloskey specifically discusses the free will argument, asking “might not God have very easily so have arranged the world and biased man to virtue that men always freely chose what is right?” From what you have already learned about free will in the course, and what Evans and Manis says about the free will theodicy, especially the section on Mackie and Plantinga’s response (pp. 163–166) and what he says about the evidential problem (pp. 168–172), how would you respond to McCloskey’s question?

On Atheism as Comforting:

In the final pages of McCloskey’s article, he claims that atheism is more comforting than theism. Using the argument presented by William Lane Craig in the article “The Absurdity of Life without God,” (located in Reading & Study for Module/Week 6), respond to McCloskey’s claim.

We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!

Philosophy Center Discuss Plato and Aristotle

Philosophy Center Discuss Plato and Aristotle In writing your essay please refer to the course outline – KEY POINTS TO KEEP IN MIND WHILE WRITING YOUR ESSAYS. Also please seek the help of the Philosophy Center (FOB 231).

Choose and discuss an issue from ONE of the questions below.

Does a world of forms exist separate from the world of concrete, individual things? Explain whether it really exists, and why. Discuss Plato (Chap 3), Aristotle (Chap 4), and your views on this subject.
What is real? Is reality ultimately dualistic or materialistic or idealistic or other? Consider these possibilities and elaborate on a philosopher’s position and your own. Chap 6.
Is knowledge possible or is skepticism a sound argument? What do you mean by knowledge? Does it have to be absolutely certain? Are there grades of knowledge (certainty, justified true belief)? Consider and elaborate on a philosopher’s position and your own. Various Chapters.
Discuss some of the themes in 20th-century existentialism. Do you believe traditional philosophy is sterile? Is the world absurd and irrational? Can one make sense of the world and how does one choose to live in a world which some existentialists believe is absurd and irrational? Chap 8.

Philosophy emotivism Essay Assignment Paper

Philosophy emotivism

answer one of the following questions. Response should be 1-2 pages in length. Single spaced.
1) What is emotivism? Does it make the apparent fact of moral disagreement so problematic? Discuss the pros and cons of viewing morality as emotivism does. Provide analysis and include appropriate citations.
2) Compare and contrast utilitarianism and natural law theory in their analysis of a moral act. Include Analysis of the principle of double effect and apply both theories to a contemporary moral issue . Include appropriate citations and analysis.
3)what are the main similarities and differences between traditional ethical theories and virtue ethics?What are the most important question in ethics as far as virtue is concerned? Do you agree hat those are the most important ethical questions? Analyze, explain and cite.

We can write this or a similar paper for you! Simply fill the order form!

Oedipus by Sophocles and Antigone by Sophocles

Oedipus by Sophocles and Antigone by Sophocles Compare and contrast “Oedipus by Sophocles including Antigone by Sophocles?

Instructions

The essay must be easy to understand and be able to get the reader’s attention

Must Use quotations. Antigone was the third play in the Oedipus trilogy written by the great Greek playwright Sophocles (c. 496 – c. 406). Produced around 441 BCE and receiving the first prize at the Dionysia festival, the tragedy was actually written long before both Oedipus the King and Oedipus at Colonus. In the play, Antigone returns to Thebes after the death of her father Oedipus.