Discuss Piaget’s Sensorimotor stage and the substages that the individual goes through in the first 2 years in the lifespan development. Provide an example of each substage.
Incorporate the text to back up your statements by paraphrasing what you have read. You must include the book or an article at the end of your discussion as a reference.
All discussions must be the minimum of 300 words and your response to another student must be a minimum of 200 words.
Use at least three (3) quality references Note: Wikipedia and other related websites do not qualify as academic resources.
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Describe the tone the news story uses to present the findings and claims.
That is, does the story seem straightforward and reasonable, or perhaps ground-breaking and novel, or else counter-intuitive, sensational, or even shocking? (Give examples of how the story is reported to back this up). Is the story missing any information that could make the claims or conclusions more convincing (such as a control group, comparison condition, details, or evidence)?
When you first found the story, were you convinced that it was accurate, or were you skeptical? Why?
Next, track down the original scientific article behind the story. The news story may not completely cite the article, so you may need to do some detective work here. Use the Internet to find the name of the journal or conference, the name of the authors, and the title of the article. You can probably just google the last names of the scientist/authors and date associated with the finding, get the full citation and then look it up in the library’s electronic journal collection (or it may work to google the article’s title). If you need help tracking down the scientific report from a journal
Then, read the scientific article. You may be unfamiliar with some of the jargon or statistics, but do the best you can (you don’t need to read every word). Summarize what was varied within the experiment and what things were compared. Try to find the part of the article that the news story seems to be based on, then say how the scientist reported the finding, then identify and describe any differences between that and how the news story reported the finding.
In your opinion, does the news story simplify the scientific article appropriately, without being misleading? Or do the claims in the story go beyond those in the article, and if so, how? Are there important limitations discussed in the scientific article that didn’t make it into the news story?
Briefly comment on how much you trust the scientific article (how good the original study is).
Is the scientific journal or conference where it was presented a good one? Journals are rated by how much impact their articles have within a scientific field. This is called an “impact factor.” If your source is a journal, report the journal’s impact factor (just google the journal’s name and “impact factor”). If it’s a scientific conference, try to estimate whether it’s selective (= uses peer review) or else has loose or no standards (some conferences allow anyone to publish who can pay a fee; others allow members of a society to publish without going through peer-review).
Does the research finding seem to be completely novelóis this the only study that found this resultóor is it consistent with other studies? (We’re not asking you to do a lit search here, but to use your best judgment of based on how the article is presented.)
Provide a brief conclusion about what you’ve learned from this assignment.
Format: Address all of these questions and points in an organized fashion do all this in 2 well-written pages, 11-12 point font (double- or 1.5-spaced – your choice).
Topic : Bilingualism: How we turn on and off languages
Watch the following Ethics in Action video vignette and answer the questions. (Please note that some of the questions may be different than in the Ethics in Action workbook). Responses should demonstrate critical thinking and insight and should be of sufficient length to address each question completely
#19 Bartering: Manicuring for Therapy The client (LeAnne) states that she can no longer afford to pay for therapy. However, she really does not like to think about terminating. The counselor (Natalie) takes the initiative of suggesting a bartering arrangement, indicating she would be open to trading manicures and haircuts for therapy services.
What are the prominent ethical issues for the counselor Natalie in this vignette and what is your impression of how she handled the situation? Explain.
If you were Natalie, how would you have handled this situation? How would you have responded if the client LeAnne proposed a bartering arrangement? Explain.
Would you ever consider bartering if a client was unable to pay for therapy? If so, what considerations would you examine in deciding whether or not to engage in bartering?
What other options besides bartering might exist in this case?
in order to increase your knowledge and level of understanding of course topics and improve your critical thinking skills (and earn additional points), please consider including items in your discussion posts (and other assignments where appropriate) as follows:
thoughtful explanations;
examples that support your views and thoughts;
additional information;
counterpoints with explanations; and
valuable questions which may bring to light new perspectives or ideas
Resources use the 2014 ACA Code of Ethics As Approved by the ACA Governing Council book name – Issues & Ethics in the helping professions by: Gerald Corey, Marianne Scneider Corey, Cindy Corey.
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1. Kohlberg espoused that a phase of middle childhood in which reasoning is based on punishment and reward or formal law and external opinion is known as the:
2 A phase of middle childhood in which reasoning becomes more logical but remains at concrete levels, as espoused by Piaget, is called the: _____________________________
3.Provide an example of this reasoning_____________________
(Note: it is Ok to use example from text)
A phase of middle childhood in which children develop the ability to view their own actions, thoughts, and emotions from another’s perspective, as espoused by Selman, is called the:
A phase of middle childhood in which conception of morality changes from absolute and external to relative and internal, as espoused by Piaget, is called the:
Erickson identified the stage of middle childhood as ____________vs_________________.
Briefly describe the behavioral, social, and emotional characteristics of a child actively and positively engaged in the task of this stage.
Describe the difference between direct and indirect bullying, offering an example of each.
IDEA and IEP are abbreviations used in the context of physical, cognitive, emotional and behavioral challenges. What do each of these abbreviations stand for? How are they related in practice? (or what do they have to do with each other?). Describe each briefly to show your understanding.
10.Read Case Study 5.1 at the beginning of Chapter 5.
Note at least four behaviors that might point to a diagnosis of ADHD for Anthony.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Your text describes risk and protective factors. List four distinct risk factors for Anthony, briefly describing each to show your understanding.
a.
b.
c.
d.
List three protective factors for Anthony, briefly describing each to show your understanding.
a.
b.
c.
True or False? If false, give the correct answer with a brief description to show your understanding.
Moral development needs basic cognitive skills prior to incorporating authority/societal standards.____________________
Moral behavior develops concurrently with cognitive skills regardless of daily experiences.
_____________________________
Stereotype vulnerability – is the term used to describe the development of negative attitudes about one’s own cultural group membership either consciously or subconsciously._________________________
In the U.S., the age group of children most susceptible to non-fatal physical abuse is between age 6 and 12.________________
Childhood exposure to violence significantly increases the likelihood of mental health difficulties and violence perpetration or re-victimization. ________________
High-risk behavior among children increases as their perception of family involvement and community support declines._________________
During middle childhood, children develop qualities of emotional intelligence as described by Daniel Goleman. This phenomenon is made possible through the proliferation of connections between the lower brain and the evolving prefrontal cortex. Thus emotions, such as fear and anger transmitted through the amygdala (emotional center) are transmitted to the neo cortex where they may be mitigated or controlled through executive functions such as reason, mindfulness, etc..
Name the areas/qualities/traits of emotional intelligence identified in your text or videos on this topic
What factors in the childís environment affect the development these qualities of emotional intelligence?
Material to use to answer the above questions below:
Classical and OperantConditioning The essay will be in chapter 7 the learning chapter as it is part of the Exam 2 material. The essay is as follows:
Classical and Operant Conditioning
Please explain both Classical and Operant conditioning by using an example of each from your own life experience. Diagram, explain and contrast each paradigm and use the following diagrammatic format:
Contrast means, for example, Classical Cond. is invalid/Operant is vol.
etc.
Classical
U.S————————————–U.R.
C.S.———————————————C.R.
Operant Pos.
SD—————–Response———————RF
Neg.
Provide the proper labels for each part of the diagrams and explain the behavior in each category and contrast the operant behavior with that of the classical example (example one is voluntary one is involuntary, one is reflex one learned etc.).
The essay is very straight forward to label the diagrams as presented in the essay question, example Classical conditioning would be: US= Food, UR= saliva, CS= bell, CR = saliva
This would be the Pavlov example was he taking the test, use your own.
The operant example might be SD=time of day, response=go to work,
Pos.reinforcement=$$. use your own personal example. In addition explain each paradigm using the basic definition form the how are they different, example: classical cond. is involuntary operant cond. Is voluntary, classical is a reflex operant is an intentional behavior etc. Hopefully, this helps. Do the best you can not take more than a half hour to complete, use the text.
Some notes are provided below that cover most of the material that will be covered on the exam.
Please note:
The Study of Mental Processes and Behavior Sample multiple choice test
To prepare [and test] yourself, the following sample test is made available at the end of the notes. The answers are listed on the final [separate page]
Define and explain the [science of] Psychology
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of human behavior. This also includes all aspects of conscious and unconscious thoughts that make up the human mind. It is an academic discipline [all Universities have a psychology discipline] and a social and behavioural science that seeks to understand individuals and groups by establishing general principles through scientific research. There are also professional practitioners; also called psychologists; who can specialize in areas such as clinical, counseling, forensic, sport and industrial/organizational. Psychologists attempt to understand the role of mental [cognitive] functions in individual and social behavior within society, while also exploring the physiological and biological processes that underlie these cognitive functions and socialn behaviors.
Psychologists explore behavior and mental processes, including: biological and physiological basis of behaviour; sensation and perception; learning and memory; motivation and emotion; personality; health; attitudes, social cognitions and interpersonal processes; and, psychological disorders. Psychologists employ empirical [scientific] methods to infer causal and correlational relationships between all of these biopsychosocial variables. Finally, psychology has been described as a “hub science”, with psychological findings linking to research and perspectives from the social sciences, natural sciences, medicine and nursing, humanities, and business studies.
The Study of Mental Processes and Behavior
While psychological knowledge is often applied to the assessment and treatment of mental health problems, it is also directed towards understanding and solving problems in all spheres of human activity [from domestic violence, homelessness, youth suicide, up to global warming]. By many accounts psychology ultimately aims to benefit society.
The majority of psychologists are involved in some kind of therapeutic role, practicing in clinical, counseling, or school settings. Many do scientific research on a wide range of topics related to mental processes and behavior, and typically work in university psychology departments or teach in other academic settings (e.g., medical schools, hospitals). Some are employed in industrial and organizational settings, or in other areas such as human development and aging, sports, health, and the media, as well as in forensic investigation and other aspects of law.
Major schools
There are four major academic schools of psychology: biological and cognitive; life span developmental; behavioural; and, social.
Biological and cognitive
Psychologists generally consider the organism the basis of the mind, and therefore a vitally related area of study. Biological Psychologists and neuropsychologists work at the interface of mind and body. Biological psychology, also known as physiological psychology or neuropsychology is the study of the biological substrates of behavior and mental processes.
Key research topics in this field include memory, perception which involves the physical mechanics of sensation as well as neural and mental processing. For centuries, a leading question in biological psychology has been whether and how mental functions might be localized in the brain. Cognitive neuroscientists investigate the neural correlates of psychological processes in humans using neural imaging tools, and neuropsychologists conduct psychological assessments to determine, for instance, specific aspects and extent of cognitive deficit caused by brain damage or disease. The biopsychosocial model is an integrated perspective toward understanding consciousness, behavior, and social interaction.
It assumes that any given behavior or mental process affects and is affected by dynamically interrelated biological, psychological, and social factors. Behavioral Psychologists take human behavior as a main area of study. Much of the research in this area assume that while humans have a biological basis for all behaviours, the actual behaviours they exhibit are learnt. For instance, Noam Chomsky argues that some social behaviours [for example language acquisition] is too complex a mental process just to learn by trial and error.
The Study of Mental Processes and Behavior
Question 1.
Which of the following terms is/are included in the definition of psychology?
a) Scientific;
b) Study;
c) Human;
d) Behaviour;
e) All of the above
Question 2.
There are four major areas of psychology. Which area is defined as ìworking at the interface of the body and the mindî?
A proper introduction includes a thesis statement introducing the topic with a concise, operational definition. Include information about the topic, and offer a research question that you will later inform with existing literature in your literature review. Do NOT include information from your literature review in the introduction. Your introduction introduces the reader to the topic, but a comprehensive literature review comes afterward.
Introduction:
1) An introductory statement stating your topic of interest
2)Clear, operational definitions of your main variables
3)State your research question, based on the topic you introduced and the variables you have identified, what is your question you would want to investigate?
(5) body paragraphs:
Do a literature review in APA style on your research question topic above using 5 journal articles from scholarly journals. Each of the 5 journal articles must discuss some form of experiment. Each source must directly inform your research question! These are the MINIMUM required sources- you may use additional resources, but only the first 5 sources will be marked! When writing the body paragraphs, dedicate one body paragraph to review each source, meaning one paragraph per source.
1) Review the purpose of the study, and the methods the authors used to conduct the study- i.e., what were they investigating and how did they do it? This summary should be brief, outlining who the population was that they looked at (men, women, elderly, etc.), and how they conducted the study (surveys, experiment, etc.). You should summarize this information in your own words.
2)Explain the results of the study- what did the author(s) find and what do these findings mean? This explanation should be written in your own words, without utilizing statistical values (i.e., do not report things like variable A was significantly related to variable B, p = 0.8)
3)State how the findings of this source inform your research question. Meaning, what does it tell you about the research question you have?
Summary paragraph:
1)Summarize your literature review- what have the 5 sources taught you about your research topic and the research question you proposed?
2)Are there any inconsistencies (gaps) in the literature, or are the findings fairly consistent (be specific about where/how the literature is consistent or inconsistent)? In other words, do you see any opportunities or missing pieces? For example, a gap in the literature may be that people only ever studied women. Or results may be inconsistent: some sources report significant results and others report non-significant results. Or is the literature fairly consistent and straightforward about this topic?
3)Summarize the future directions on the research topic that have been suggested by the authors of your sources what would be the next steps to research this topic?
This Abnormal Behavior paper is needed for my Mental Health in Criminal Justice class.
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you examine the field of abnormal psychology. Address the following items:
• Describe challenges related to classifying normal versus abnormal behavior.
• Analyze the psychosocial, biological/medical, and sociocultural theoretical models related to the development of abnormal behavior.
• Describe the relationship between abnormal behavior and criminal behavior.
• Explain how correctional institutions have been affected by abnormal behavior.
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2-4 pages describing the following topic nurture vs nature
1- Explain your understanding of this debate
2- your stance on this debate ( do you feel that one or another is more dominant or do they work in tandem) and
3-evaluate the development of your personality through the eyes of this debate by giving at least 5 examples of how your personality has developed through Nature and 5 through Nurture
10 in total..
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length
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