When Calling The Po-Po is a No No

When Calling The Po-Po is a No No Part 1: Review the article ‘When Calling the Po-Po is a No No’.

When Calling The Po-Po is a No No
When Calling The Po-Po is a No No

Then develop a Five source annotated bibliography where you will research other perspectives on the issue presented in the original article. Then develop a Five source annotated bibliography where you will research other perspectives on the issue presented in the original article. Then develop a Five source annotated bibliography where you will research other perspectives on the issue presented in the original article. Then develop a Five source annotated bibliography where you will research other perspectives on the issue presented in the original article. Then develop a Five source annotated bibliography where you will research other perspectives on the issue presented in the original article.

History Major Annotated Bibliography Essay

History Major Annotated Bibliography Essay The Word limit is 2000 words; Including a 200 word Annotated Bibliography.

History Major Annotated Bibliography Essay
History Major Annotated Bibliography Essay

The aim of this assignment is to provide you with the opportunity to conduct research on a question of historical importance. Objectives: This assignment assesses the following objectives: . recognise, define, and use the essential terminology of socio- historical analysis in a global context. . discuss, briefly, the main events, places and people in the development of world history in the defined period.  discuss, briefly, the main events, places and people in the development of world history in the defined period . describe the broad parameters of the major empires and states in the defined period. . demonstrate competency in writing skills, bibliography and documentation in the History discipline. History Major Annotated Bibliography Essay

History Major Annotated Bibliography Essay Question

The question i am answering is: Examine the nature of Ottoman power in the post- 1500 period. Why did the Ottoman Empire fail to remain a world power?. I also need Integration of at least 8 Scholarly Secondary peer viewed journals, books, articles from between 203- 2017. No internet sources please!. As i am an Australian student, I would like Ebscohost Scholarly sources included in the 8 sources/references please. i have asked for 8 sources/references in my order. History Major Annotated Bibliography Essay Could you please make the total number of words; as mentioned above; to be either 50 words over or 50 words under; it’s just because i would love to get the best possible marks!, If i go to far under or over the word limit i will be penalised; and therefore lose valuable marks. For four of my listed sources, i must provide a short (50- 100 word) Annotation describing my source and assessing its usefulness and relevance for writing my essay. History Major Annotated Bibliography Essay

Seminar Discussion Annotated Bibliography

Seminar Discussion Annotated Bibliography Application 2 – Annotated Bibliography
As part of your doctoral seminar for this set of weeks, you are participating in a seminar-style discussion about the weekly topics.

Seminar Discussion Annotated Bibliography
Seminar Discussion Annotated Bibliography

Recall that you were
asked to address 5 of the Required Resources and at least 5 additional resources from the Walden Library and to incorporate them into your posting. As a
related exercise, submit an annotated bibliography of the 10 resources that you referred to this week.

Seminar Discussion Annotated Bibliography Essay Paper Requirement

For each entry, be sure to address the following as a
minimum:
•Include the full APA citation.
•Discuss the scope of the resource.
•Discuss the purpose and philosophical approach.
•Discuss the underlying assumptions.
•If referring to a research reporting article, present the methodology.
•Relate the resource to the body of resources you have consulted in this course.
•Discuss any evident limitations and opportunities for further inquiry.

Seminar Discussion Annotated Bibliography Required Resources

Articles
•Ainamo, A., Artto, K., Levitt, R. E., Orr, R. J., Scott, W. R., & Tainio, R. (2017). Global projects: Strategic perspectives. Scandinavian Journal of
Management, 26(4), 343-351.
Retrieved from ScienceDirect Database.
This article explores the importance of planning projects strategically with reference to cultural norms and factors. The authors argue that this competency
is especially important in today’s global environment.
•Fasano, F., & Oliveto, R. (2015). Supporting project management with fine-grained artefact management in ADAMS. International Journal of Computers &
Applications, 31(3), 145-152.
Retrieved from Computers and Applied Sciences Complete Database.
Fasano and Oliveto examine a particular web-based software system which is notable for its flexibility in tracking and scheduling complex projects.
•Jin-Lee, K. (2017). Improved genetic algorithm for resource-constrained scheduling of large projects. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 36(6), 1016-
1027.
Retrieved from Computers and Applied Sciences Complete Database.
This article presents new methodologies for using project management software to schedule projects with sever resourcing problems.
•Lee, M. R. (2016). E-ethical leadership for virtual project teams. International Journal of Project Management, 27(5), 456-463.
Retrieved from ScienceDirect database.
Lee presents several different ethical frameworks in order to examine their utility to managing online or virtual project teams. The project manager is
positioned as an important ethical leader in virtual environments.
•Pan, G., & Pan, S. L. (2016). Transition to IS project de-escalation: An exploration into management executives’ influence behaviors. IEEE Transactions on
Engineering Management, 58(1), 109-123.
Retrieved from IEEE explore Database.
This article presents a case study as a means of analyzing methodologies for managing failing software projects through influence. Methods for influencing
project stakeholders to redirect or correct failing projects are suggested.
•Rai, A., Maruping, L. M., & Venkatesh, V. (2017). Offshore information systems project success: The role of social embeddedness and cultural
characteristics. MIS Quarterly, 33(3), 617-A7.
Retrieved from Computers and Applied Sciences Complete Database.
The authors investigate the complications that arise in offshore projects and use data from an extensive study to investigate effects of cultural and social
factors on project success.
•Reed, A. H., & Knight, L. V. (2017). Project risk differences between virtual and co-located teams. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 51(1), 19-30.
Retrieved from Business Source Complete Database.
Reed and Knight differentiate between the sorts of risks faced by traditional and virtual project teams. They analyze the ‘magnifier effect,’ which they
claim adversely affects virtual teams.

Seminar Discussion Annotated Bibliography Optional Resources

Articles
•Iacovou, C. L., & Nakatsu, R. (2017). A risk profile of offshore-outsourced development projects. Communications of the ACM, 51(6), 89-94.
Retrieved from Business Source Complete Database.
•Jones, M. C. (2008). Large scale project team building: Beyond the basics. Communications of the ACM, 51(10), 113-116.
Retrieved from Business Source Complete Database.

Importance of Political Parties to Effective Governance

Importance of Political Parties to Effective Governance Are political parties important to effective governance? Why?
Length: 500-750 words (two to three double-spaced pages)

Importance of Political Parties to Effective Governance
Importance of Political Parties to Effective Governance

Instructions: The annotated bibliography is a library research assignment. This is the first step in writing a major research paper such as the one you will
write for assignment three Select no fewer than five and no more than seven academic, refereed scholarly works that broadly relate to the topic of their research essay. A refereed or
peer reviewed publication is one that has been blind reviewed?that is, the reviewers do not know who wrote the proposed publication, and the author of the
publication does not know who has reviewed their work?by at least two qualified peer reviewers. Using most search engines is not an acceptable method of
research. However, almost all library books and journal articles found in university databases have been peer reviewed and are, therefore, acceptable
academic works on which to base your research. If you have any doubts about what has and has not been peer reviewed, contact your tutor.

Importance of Political Parties to Effective Governance Brief Response Paragraph

Begin the assignment with a brief paragraph (three to five sentences) explaining your response to the question selected. Whatever question you choose to
examine, clearly explain your position on the question in the first paragraph of the assignment. This is essentially a statement of thesis upon which you
will build your research essay (Assignment 3). Note that this thesis statement must be fairly specific. For instance, if you selected question 2 on political
parties, it is not sufficient to say that you are going to examine the role of political parties in governance. We ask you whether political are important to
effective governance, and WHY. Accordingly, we want to see an answer to this question, not simply a restatement of the topic question. Then, provide a pr?
cis, or summary, of each work cited. These summaries should be a single paragraph, consisting of 3 to 6 sentences or about 60 to 80 words in total. They
should succinctly describe the work?s (a) thesis, (b) evidence that develops or proves the thesis, and (c) the relevance of the chosen article to the thesis
of your own research essay. Your annotated bibliography must be submitted, marked, and returned prior to submitting your major research paper (assignment 3).
For the purposes of this assignment, a ?scholarly work? consists of a peer reviewed book or an article published in a peer reviewed scholarly journal.

Importance of Political Parties to Effective Governance Annotated Bibliography

Before preparing the annotated bibliography, consult the political science research and writing guide:
http://library.athabascau.ca/help/polisciguide.php
Pay special attention to the library tutorial on using Google Scholar:
http://library.athabascau.ca/help/tutorials/googlescholar/googlescholar.html
Google Scholar is a particular feature of the Google search engine. If you follow the instructions and configure Google Scholar for the Athabasca University
Library, it will link directly to articles in the University?s journal databases when you perform a search. If you use it properly in conjunction with our university databases, Google Scholar can save you considerable time. At no time should you use an Internet search engine other than Google Scholar for your assignments, unless your tutor gives you express consent to do so.

Benchmark Assessment and Rubric

Benchmark Assessment and Rubric SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS PLEASE FOLLOW
Please use the lesson plan template # 2 located in the book on page 298 SIOP® Lesson Plan Template 2
The log-in for the eBook

Benchmark Assessment and Rubric
Benchmark Assessment and Rubric

Making Content Comprehensible for English Learners The SIOP Model by;
JANA ECHEVARRÍA
California State University, Long Beach
MARYELLEN VOGT
California State University, Long Beach
DEBORAH J. SHORT
Center for Applied Linguistics, Washington, DC
Academic Language Research & Training, Arlington, VA
Please use the bok as a reference in the paper.
Review the Arizona K-12 Academic Standards, located on the Arizona Department of Education website. Please include standards for the lesson plan. Only use Arizona academic standards, please.
The lesson plan should be targeted for 7th-grade science.
PLEASE MAKE SURE ARIZONA STANDARDS ARE INCLUDED IN THE LESSON PLAN.
1. Create an instructional plan for ELL students in a targeted grade level 7th grade science(APTS 1.3).
2. Demonstrate an understanding of language diversity as it informs the instructional design and planning process. 7th-grade science(APTS 1.3)
3. Create learning experiences that connect subject area knowledge to real life situations. 7th-grade science (APTS 7.5)
Create a SIOP lesson plan for 7th-grade science that includes:
1. Identified content and language objectives
2. Relevant resources and materials
3. Three to five varied best-practice learning experience
Then write a 500-750 word rationale for the lesson, comparing and contrasting two major language acquisition theories used to inform the lesson and noting any influence the observation of your mentor teachers have had on your lesson. Then make a Venn-diagram that summarizes your main points. Speculate as to the success of your lesson plan based on these theories.

Benchmark Assessment and Rubric Writing Guidelines

Next, complete a 250-500 word practicum reflection for each classroom highlighting your observation and interviews. The observation is provided.
The first observation
The class that I observed was an ELL class at Monaco Middle School. The teacher’s name was Mrs. Hunsaker. This is a 6th-grade class. This student is
considered a level three. They can read and speak some English. The classroom was surrounded by student’s work on several bulletin boards. One of the boards was titled the Communication Board. The teacher displayed class rules, school maps, emergency exit information, and calendar of events, student standard attire, progressive discipline plan, and no bullying information. There were several posters displaying literacy such as the parts of speech, rules for effective writing, reasons why students should read, and many other posters. The students have a word wall that they continue to develop weekly. The classroom was full of resourceful information for the students to see at a glance. The teacher wrote the lesson plan for the day on the whiteboard along with the objectives. Listed was the kick-off for the day, the DOK question for the day, the objective for the day, the agenda for the day and the homework assignment.
The first 10 minutes of class the students were to read a passage and answer the questions related to the passage. The passage was titled Plant Food. The
teacher advised me that they do this reading daily for the first 10 minutes of the class period. She advised the students to use their reading strategies and
read the questions first so they are familiar with the questions then they can locate their answers when reading. She advised the students to be sure to
highlight their answers in the passage. The teacher advised that this assignment was to be done independently at this time.
Once the students were done she asked the students to pull out their color coded cards. There were four cards on a ring. Red, green, orange and blue. Each
color represented a letter. The teacher told the students that they were going to go over the answers from the passage and to raise their cards with the
correct answer after reading the question. She asked the students to read along while she was reading. Then on the count of three, they were to lift their
cards up with the correct color corresponding to the answer. Such as red for the letter A, green for the letter B and so on. As she read the questions she
reminded the students to use their test taking strategies to eliminate the answers that were obviously wrong. The teacher continued this for all the questions. When the students got off track and talking a lot she would say, “class gives me 5” and the students would raise their hand and stop talking and look at the teacher. This daily lesson was helping the students to be prepared for their CRT by improving their reading strategies.
The day before my observation the students had a guest speaker from the community. The speaker was part of the community PAYBAC. This is when a member of the community comes to the school to speak to the students. The key message to the students is to continue their education, set goals, and plan for the future.

Benchmark Assessment and Rubric

Students were instructed to put away their reading packet. The teacher explained today’s assignment. She first reminded the students of the guest speaker the day before. She asked the students questions about the guest speaker such as the topic of his discussion. The teacher had the directions on the board regarding today’s assignment. The students were to write a three paragraph essay about their long term goals. She stated in the directions that the goals should be long-term such as going to college to get a degree and later getting a job in the area of your degree. She advised the students to use as many
details and explain how you are going to accomplish this goal. The teacher explained that this type of writing was expository. She reviewed what a expository paper should have in it. She then asked the students to raise their hand if they could tell what it should include. She called on a few students and they
were able to give an example. The teacher had a student to pass out books to all students. Told students to turn to page 318. There was an example essay of an expository essay. The teacher asked the students to read aloud with her. They all read the essay. The title of the essay was My Goals. She told the students to type this essay in their Alpha Smarts as an example of what their paper should look like. The students went to the cart and got their Alpha smart and start typing. She told them when they completed the sample essay to space 2 times and start their own essay on their long term goals in life. The students quietly worked on this assignment independently until the class period was over. The teacher advised the students that once they completed this assignment they would mail these letters to the presenter from the PAYBACK program.
I interviewed the teacher of this class and this is what she had to say.
ELL students need a lot of visual aids. They have to see what they are suppose to do. They need an example to look at. This makes it easier for them to
understand. This also helps them to use correct punctuation and proper indention of the paragraphs. Mrs. Hunsaker also stated that the general education
teachers should use this strategy in their classrooms for ELL students.
The second observation class was Mrs. Viar’s 7th grade science class.
There were 7 ELL students in this class period.
Today’s lesson was an introduction to fossils/ Evaluating Resources/ Anatomy of the Great Unconformity.
The teacher advised the students that they will be working on a project designing mobile interpretive materials for the Great Unconformity. She explained
that the final product must be both accessible and entertaining. She asked the students what the word accessible meant? A few students replied. She then gave examples of what the word meant. She asked the students what entertaining meant. A few students responded and she then explained the term along with an example. She also highlighted the words as they were displayed on the elmo for all students to see.
The daily review was were fossils have been found. The teacher gave several example of how fossils are found.
The daily objective for this assignment was for the students to explain that fossils form from living things. How fossils form in sedimentary rock. Students were to explore the different kinds of rocks that were found at the Great Unconformity. Students will evaluate sources of scientific information for
accessibility and entertainment. The student will work collaboratively during investigations.
The teacher explained to the students that they will be using strategies that can help them unlock texts so that they can become experts on anything. The
students were to review the passage regarding the Great Unconformity. The teacher and students agreed on text annotation as they read the passage. They were to put a question mark by things they did not know or want to know. Underline words that were unfamiliar. Place a star by things that surprised you. Copy the terms that you do not know into your notebook. Put a check mark over the things that they know. The class read this passage together making their annotations. The teacher then showed the students on the overhead how they were going to use the computers to access information on line. Students worked in groups of 3-4 on the computers. There assignment was to create a mobile website that is entertaining and accessible to those in the community. They were to choose 2 different resources available to explore. Create a list of features they could use in their mobile app for the Great Unconformity. They were to examine an example website of the Great Unconformity to get ideas. The last few minutes of class the teacher advised students they will continue where they left off on tomorrow. This was a two day project.
Interview with Mrs.Viar regarding how she accommodates ELL students in her class.
The first thing I do for our ELL students who have very limited proficiency is buddy them up with at least one bilingual student who can help translate
lectures and directions. I provide these students with copies of written materials in Spanish and allow them to take the exam in Spanish.
I also try to provide choice in how students demonstrate mastery of concepts. For instance, on the last exam students could choose to respond about an article we read as a bulleted list, in paragraph form as a letter to a friend or relative (in English, Spanish, or some of each), or as a comic strip
utilizing pictures and words.
When possible, we use Total Physical Response to include all learners. The teacher models physical actions that correspond to vocabulary or concepts and students repeat the motion. For example, we use hand motions to illustrate the three kinds of plate boundaries.
Finally, we create visuals to accompany all of our vocab words. These icons provide a link between the term and the meaning that is not language specific.
What method and techniques should be utilized when teaching English language learners?
Teachers should work to include visuals, movement, and realia into their lessons to allow ELL students access to the content. Opportunities for students to
engage in discussions with their peers should also be provided. ELL students may feel more comfortable discussing their ideas in small groups, rather than in
front of the entire class. These opportunities allow students to practice speaking in English in a safe environment and may build their confidence so they
can eventually feel comfortable sharing full group
Please summarize the two lessons observed along with the interview. Please follow the directions for the benchmark. Thank you
Resource 1: ESL 223N SEI English Language Teaching:
Foundations and Methodologies
Benchmark Assessment and Rubric
Targeted Essential Learning
Effective instructional design and planning related to language learning must be based on the standards, the learners, and research-based strategies and
practices. An effective ELL teacher has an in-depth knowledge of best practices, research-based methodologies for teaching English language learners. (APTS
1, 7; INTASC 1, 3, 7)

Benchmark Assessment and Rubric and the Assessment Tool Selected

1) SIOP Lesson Plan
2) Rationale Essay
Specific Performance/Task(s)
• Create an instructional plan for ELL students in a targeted grade level. (APTS 1.3)
• Demonstrate an understanding of language diversity as it informs the instructional design and planning process. (APTS 1.3)
• Create learning experiences that connect subject area knowledge to real life situations. (APTS 7.5)
Relevancy of Task to Teacher Candidate
By designing a SIOP lesson plan that focuses on all components of SIOP, teacher candidates will be able to teach content and language objectives to second
language learners in their classrooms.
Assessment: Student Prompts/Teacher Directions
1) Individual: Lesson Planning with SIOP: A Theoretical Base (Benchmark Assessment)
a) General Practicum Information:
i) Students’ practicum experiences should follow the practicum experience requirements, including the diversity and hour requirements for this course on the Practicum Placement Form.
ii) Students should fill out the Practicum Placement Form and Observation Record. Complete the form with the names of the schools and grade levels where the observations took place and document the hours spent in the classroom. Submit the form to the course instructor along with your benchmark assessment.
iii) Spend 5 hours each in two classrooms that service ELL students (10 hours total). Let each of your mentors know that you are observing lesson planning and implementation using the SIOP model. Throughout the practicum experience, observe and interview your mentors (2 total). Complete a 250-500-word practicum reflection (due in Module 6 with the benchmark assessment) for each classroom highlighting your observations and interviews. The two observations must be in different grade levels and one placement must be in a Title 1 school.
b) Benchmark Assessment
i) Create a SIOP lesson plan for a content area and/or grade level that includes:
(1) Identified content and language objectives.
(2) Relevant resources and materials.
(3) Three to five varied best-practice learning experiences.
(4) APA format is not required, but solid writing skill in APA style is expected.
ii) Write a 500-750-word rationale for the lesson, comparing and contrasting two major language acquisition theories used to inform the lesson and noting any influence the observations of your mentor teachers may have had on your lesson. You may add a Venn-diagram that summarizes your main points. Speculate as to the success of your lesson plan based on these theories.
(1) Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the GCU Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.
iii) Submit your assignment with a title page, along with the two Practicum Reflections, to the instructor in ANGEL by the end of Module 6.
Scoring Tool/Guide (Rubric)
Lesson Planning With SIOP: A Theoretical Base
Criteria 1: Unsatisfactory 2: Less Than Satisfactory 3: Satisfactory 4: Good 5: Excellent
Content 95%

Benchmark Assessment and Rubric Standards

No standards are mentioned in the lesson. Lesson is not aligned to standards. Standards are inconsistently alluded to in lesson. Lesson is minimally aligned to standards. Too many or too few standards are included. (Lesson may name many standards instead of focusing on important, key standards; alternately, the lesson may not name relevant key standards). Some relevant standards are referenced. Some key standards are identified. Lesson
is mostly influenced by standards. Relevant standards are referenced. Most key standards are identified. Lesson is clearly aligned to standards. Key
applicable standards are thoroughly referenced. Lesson is guided by and aligned to standards.
Content and Language Objectives Content and language objectives are missing. Content vocabulary is not addressed. Missing either content or language
objectives. Content and language objectives do not provide a clear sense of what students will know and be able to do as a result of the lesson. Objectives
are unclear or are unrelated to standards. Incomplete reference to vocabulary instruction. Both language and content objectives are present, and most are aligned to standards. Stated language objectives provide a minimal sense of what students will be able to do as a result of the lesson. Adequate attention is provided to content vocabulary instruction. Most objectives provide a path to what students will know and be able to do as a result of the lesson. Multiple strategies for addressing content vocabulary instruction are evident. All objectives are aligned to standards. Extensive, well-planned focus on teaching and reviewing content vocabulary before, during, and after the lesson.
Learning Experiences Activities are absent or unrelated to objectives. No differentiation of instruction is mentioned. Many activities are extraneous and irrelevant. Limited or unsuccessful attempt is made to individualize activities for learning styles or strengths.
Activities relate to objectives, though some are extraneous. Activities are mostly accessible to students with different learning styles and strengths.
Lesson plan includes differentiated instruction, limited to either gifted students, English language learners, or students with special needs. Activities
provide a logical path to meeting objectives. Activities are accessible to students of more than one learning style or strength.
Lesson includes varied differentiated instruction for gifted students, English language learners, and students with special needs. Students of many learning styles and strengths can benefit from activities.
Lesson clearly offers appropriate, creative, and well-integrated challenges for students of all levels, including gifted students, English language learners,
and students with special needs.
Materials and Resources
Materials and resources needed for this lesson are not included in the plan. Materials and resources needed for this lesson are included, but
seem limited or incomplete. A list of materials and resources needed for this lesson are included. A detailed list of materials and resources needed
for this lesson are included in the plan. Methodical notes about assembling materials, contacting outside guests, or locating additional resources are also
included.
Organization 5%

Mechanics of Writing Benchmark Assessment and Rubric

(includes spelling, punctuation, grammar)
Surface errors are pervasive enough
that they impede communication of meaning.
Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader.
Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but are not overly distracting to the reader.
Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present.
Writer is clearly in control of standard, written American English.
Language Use and Audience Awareness (includes sentence construction, word choice, etc)
Inappropriate word choice and/or sentence construction, lack of variety in language use. Writer appears to be unaware of the audience.
There are some distracting and/or inconsistencies in language choice (register), sentence structure, and/or word choice. The writer exhibits some lack of
control in using figures of speech appropriately.
Sentence structure is correct and occasionally varies. Language is appropriate to the targeted audience
for the most part.
The writer is clearly aware of the audience; uses a variety of sentence structures and appropriate vocabulary for the target audience; uses figures of speech to communicate clearly.
The writer uses a variety of sentence constructions, figures of speech, and word choice in unique and creative ways that are appropriate to purpose,
discipline, and scope.
Essay Structure, Paragraph Development,
and Transitions
Paragraphs and transitions consistently lack unity and coherence; no apparent connections between paragraphs. Transitions are inappropriate to purpose and scope. Organization is disjointed.
Some paragraphs and transitions may lack logical progression of ideas, unity, coherence, and/or cohesiveness.
Some degree of organization is evident.
Paragraphs are generally competent, but ideas may show some inconsistency in the organization and/or in their relationships to each other.
A logical progression of ideas between paragraphs is apparent. Paragraphs exhibit a unity, coherence, and cohesiveness. Topic sentences and concluding
remarks are used as appropriate to purpose, discipline, and scope.
There is a sophisticated construction of
the essay. Ideas universally progress and relate to each other. The writer has been careful to use paragraph and transition construction to
guide the reader.

Benchmark Assessment and Rubric GCU Format and Style Requirements

No references page and no citations are included. References page is present, but citations are inconsistently used. References page is included. Sources are appropriately documented, although some errors may be present. References page is present and fully inclusive of all cited sources. Documentation is appropriate and citation style is usually correct. In-text citations and a references page are complete. The documentation of cited sources is free of errors.

Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography

Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography
Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography

Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography

Order Instructions:

DO NOT INCLUDE A TITLE PAGE……Thank you

following concepts when looking for appropriate resources:
•Variable cost per unit
•Direct labor costs
•Direct materials costs
•Cost based pricing
•Full costing

General guidelines for completing this assignment:
•You need to find at least three relevant and credible sources that can be used to support the concepts discussed in the case (Three sources is the minimum; having only three will not get you the highest grade.)
•The bibliography needs to be done as an APA formatted annotated bibliography. Please use the link below to see how an annotated bibliography is formatted.
•Each cited source needs to be specifically linked to the concepts in the case. Please do not cite random sources.
•Make sure your annotation captures the important point of the source. Please do not give a one-sentence summary.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Lipman Bottle Company Annotated Bibliography

Aurora, B.-B. C. (2013). The Cost of Production under Direct Costing and Absorption Costing: A Comparative Approach. Annals of the “Constantin Brâncuşi” University of Târgu Jiu, Economy Series, 2, 123-129.

The author of this article stresses on the importance of managerial accounting with regards to balancing production costs and pricing of finished products in a company’s strategic management, especially to help managers in optimizing their decisions particularly those concerning operating activities. The emphasis of the author is focused on the role of managerial accounting in calculating costs (both fixed and variable), measurement of inventory costs as well as prices and prices of services and products. As a result, the system of cost calculation is prioritized in this article because it tends to vary on basis of the type of costs assigned to items and according to the costing theory two main systems of cost calculation adopted are: full cost accounting, which comprise of all production costs, and partial cost accounting comprising of variable costs that vary with output. Hence, considering that full as well as partial costing in production in terms of fixed and variable costs play a crucial role in determining the prices of finished products, this article provides valuable insights on how the balance between costing and pricing can be effectively achieved. The author outlines a comparative approach with regards to the differences between cost of production calculation under absorption costing and direct costing. This article further examines the impact of utilizing each of these systems of calculation on companies’ financial performance as well as financial position with regards to reported income statement and financial position statement. This article concludes by discussing the benefits of direct costing use in manufacturing companies for their internal reporting, bearing in mind that this method of costing is unacceptable for external reports that are presented to shareholders as well as other external uses. However, direct costing method is very important for companies to appropriately make production decisions. The article also fits very into Lipman Bottle Company case because of the insightful information it can provide to the company management to solve its production dilemma and settle on the most appropriate and profitable production mix based on informed decisions.

Banker, R. D. & Hansen, S. C. (2002). The Adequacy of Full-Cost-Based Pricing Heuristics. Journal of Management Accounting Research, 14, 33-58.

Authors of this article base their discussion on performance investigation of a full-cost heuristic within a service setting focusing on costs involved in providing a service eventually influence the pricing of such services. Based on the full-cost heuristic model, authors of this article state that service companies periodically determines the extent of capacity, prices as well as price discounts. In the context of price, the article examines a scenario of a stochastic number of customers placing orders for a service and reports that when in a certain period there are too many orders; a service company offers price discounts to customers willing to come back for the same service later. The authors of this article further examines how closely a company’s optimal performance can be approximated using two heuristic approaches that are distinct such as full-cost pricing heuristic and modified full-cost pricing heuristic. The results of the analysis full-cost pricing is the best-performing heuristic when conducted upon a program towards firm’s optimization on basis of constrained version in which prices are set using full costs in addition to adjustments on basis of nonlinear elasticity demand. However, the article also suggests that in settings where pricing choices and capacity choices are made before and after demand information respectively, modified full-cost heuristic may be perform relatively well but not for long before it starts to deviate. These pricing models are highly applicable to the Lipman Bottle Company situation since the company needs to determine it optimal performance by setting prices of products based on its capacity, full cost of production and demand meaning that full-cost pricing heuristic would be highly effective to optimize the company’s performance.

Ghaemi, M. H. & Nematollahi, M. (2012). Study on the Behavior of Materials, Labor, and Overhead Costs in Manufacturing Companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 3(1), 19-24.

The authors of this article examines the relationship between sales income and production expenses by analyzing income statements information for Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies over a period of four years ranging from 2000 to 2003 and subsequently evaluate costs stickiness. In this article costs stickiness is used to refer to a situation where increasing production activities result to faster increasing of costs compared to how decreasing production activities result to decreasing of costs. The results of the study reported in this article show that overhead costs are sticky but direct labor costs as well as raw material costs are not sticky. This means effective management of overhead costs by production companies can significantly reduce operational costs hence directly influencing product prices as well as overall company profitability. Thus, Lipman Bottle Company can utilize the findings reported in this article to reduce its production costs, which is critical in eventually determining pricing, sale revenues and profits.

Kimes, S. E. (2010). Strategic pricing through revenue management [Electronic version]. Retrieved [24th November 2015], from Cornell University, School of Hospitality Administration site: http://scholarship.sha.cornell.edu/articles/346

The author of this article examines the importance of revenue management towards strategic pricing, especially in manufacturing industries where capacity of inventory is relatively fixed and cost of production is characterized by low variable costs and high fixed costs. This article reports that in industries where revenue management is used, revenue increases are typically reported. The insights provided in this article are highly applicable to Lipman Bottle Company where pricing of finished products can be strategically done through revenue management.

Bibliography

Aurora, B.-B. C. (2013). The Cost of Production under Direct Costing and Absorption Costing: A Comparative Approach. Annals of the “Constantin Brâncuşi” University of Târgu Jiu, Economy Series, 2, 123-129.

Banker, R. D. & Hansen, S. C. (2002). The Adequacy of Full-Cost-Based Pricing Heuristics. Journal of Management Accounting Research, 14, 33-58.

Ghaemi, M. H. & Nematollahi, M. (2012). Study on the Behavior of Materials, Labor, and Overhead Costs in Manufacturing Companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 3(1), 19-24.

Kimes, S. E. (2010). Strategic pricing through revenue management [Electronic version]. Retrieved [24th November 2015], from Cornell University, School of Hospitality Administration site: http://scholarship.sha.cornell.edu/articles/346

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Annotated Bibliography HRM Practices on Performance

Annotated Bibliography HRM Practices on Performance Order Instructions: Annotated Bibliography

Annotated Bibliography HRM Practices on Performance
Annotated Bibliography HRM Practices on Performance

Topic is “EFFECTS OF HRM PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE”
Provide three additional references related to your Doctoral Study topic in annotated bibliography format and synthesize these three references into a component of the doctoral study rubric (ex. Nature of study, literature review, etc.)

Annotated Bibliography HRM Practices on Performance Sample Answer

Snape, E., & Redman, T. (2010). HRM practices, organizational citizenship behavior, and performance: A multi‐level analysis. Journal of Management Studies, 47(7), 1219-1247.

This paper examines the link between human resource practices, as deciphered in the workplace level, and individual attitude and behavior of an employee. The study used North-East England as a case study and found out a positive relationship between HRM practices and organizational behavior. The research synthesizes with the existing empirical knowledge by seconding job influence and opportunity as the impact of human resource management on employee attitudes and behavior.

McClean, E., & Collins, C. J. (2011). High‐commitment HR practices, employee effort, and firm performance: Investigating the effects of HR practices across employee groups within professional services firms. Human Resource Management, 50(3), 341-363.

The authors in this piece of research examined the relationship that exists between high commitment HR practices and firm performance by employee effort. This piece of research adds to the ongoing debate on the notion that HR practices ought to be applied to all the employees working in a particular firm. The paper found out that there is a positive relationship between firm performances because of employee efforts. Further, the researchers found that this relationship arises from the value the employee provides to the firm.

Alfes, K., Shantz, A., & Truss, C. (2012). The link between perceived HRM practices, performance, and well‐being: The moderating effect of trust in the employer. Human Resource Management Journal, 22(4), 409-427.

This research paper examines the relationship that exists between perceived Human Resource practices and trust in the company on employee performance and well-being. The researchers looked into the relationship between the perceptions of HRM practices on job performance. The researchers concluded that there existed a positive correlation between perceived HRM practices and employee performance but not on organizational citizenship behavior.

Literature Review

Human Resource Management practices are critical for the effective performance of all employees. Linking employees to performance scorecard optimize the output of employees while also building trust in the company’s system. HRM systems create trust in the management systems as all rewards are based on merits which are documented in employee records (Becker, Huselid & Ulrich, 2001). Becker et al (2001) state that employee performance is directly related to training and skill management. Well trained personnel perform well especially in an environment where HRM is effective.

Kramar et al (2014) contend that though the impact of HRM largely depends on the ability and response of the workers towards the HRM systems, employees generally prefer clear systems that HRM provides. HRM impacts employees positively and its application provides incentives for skilled and professional employees. The soft HRM approach to employee motivation leads to high performance and commitment. Most organizations demand employee loyalty and trust while eliminating the structures that support job security, long term employee development and other benefits that literally foster employee trusts in organizations and management systems (Kramar et al, 2014).

Martin-Alcazar et al (2005) demonstrate that HRM develops skills and abilities that increase knowledge and potential of employees to yield high positive returns hence adding value to the company’s strategic management. HR development is pivotal to organization performance as it facilitates the growth of core competencies and the development of high-performance capabilities in employees (Becker et al, 2001).  However, the implementation and evaluation of the HR functions is a continuous exercise that is challenging and requires regular improvement. The profession must develop ways of valuing human capital like all other assets that organizations possess.

Annotated Bibliography HRM Practices on Performance References

Becker, BE, Huselid, MA & Ulrich, D. (2001) The HRM scorecard: linking people, strategy and performance, Harvard Business School Press.

Kramar, R., Bartram, T., Ceiri, H.D., Noe, R.A., Heooenbeck, J.R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, R.M. (2014). Human Resources Management, McGraw-Hill, Sydney, NSW.

Martin-Alcazar, F., Romero-Fernandes, P.M., & Sanchez-Gardey, G. (2005) ‘Strategic human resource management: integrating the universalistic, contingent, configurational and contextual perspectives’, International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 633–659.

Annotated Bibliography Combining Creativity and Control

Annotated Bibliography Combining Creativity and Control Order Instructions:

Annotated Bibliography Combining Creativity and Control
Annotated Bibliography Combining Creativity and Control

an annotated bibliography Combining creativity and control: Understanding individual motivation in large-scale collaborative creativity

Please create an annotated bibliography for the Case 15.1

Search for the following concepts when looking for appropriate resources:
•Management control
•Loss prevention
•Cash control

General guidelines for completing this assignment:
•You need to find at least three relevant and credible sources that can be used to support the concepts discussed in the case (Three sources is the minimum; having only three will not get you the highest grade.
•The bibliography needs to be done as an APA formatted annotated bibliography. Please use the link below to see how an annotated bibliography is formatted.
•Each cited source needs to be specifically linked to the concepts in the case. Please do not cite random sources.
•Make sure your annotation captures the important point of the source. Please do not give a one-sentence summary.

Annotated Bibliography Combining Creativity and Control Sample Answer

Adler, P. S., & Chen, C. X. (2011). Combining creativity and control: Understanding individual motivation in large-scale collaborative creativity. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 36, 63–85.

The authors of this study state that it is possible to improve performance especially in contexts that portray task uncertainty at high levels using management control systems. The authors seek to determine how management control systems can be utilized to ensure effective performance without compromising intrinsic motivation. Theories of self-construal, as well as the perceived locus of causality, are used as the basis of building the necessary model which summarizes 15 propositions in an integrative model. The authors argue that large scale collaborative creativity needs to be simultaneously activated in an intrinsic manner together with the forms of motivation that are identified eventually leading to interdependent and independent self-construals.  As a result, management control systems are likely to be utilized in promoting motivation as well as subsequently improving performance.

Chatterjee, P., & Rose, R. L. (2011). Do Payment Mechanisms Change the Way Consumers Perceive Products? Journal of Consumer Research, 38, p. 000. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/661730

This study sought to determine whether mechanisms of payment change or influences the perception of products by consumers. The authors argue that in cases where credit cards are primed to consumers the main focus is usually on benefit when they conduct an evaluation of products. This is contrary to consumers using cash who mainly focus of cost when evaluating products prior to purchasing them. The study findings are indicative of the fact that, consumers on whom credit card are primed usually made the highest level of recall errors regarding cost attributes of products, while consumers using cash made few recall errors regarding cost attribute of products in the process of purchasing. Furthermore, credit card primed consumers identified a higher level of words relating to the product benefits in comparison to those using cash terms to purchase. Credit cards and cash purchasing are some of the cash control mechanisms and the findings of this study show that they both influence the perception of consumers towards products differently.

Ho, J. L., Huang, C-J., & Wu, A. (2011). The Impact of Management Control Systems on Efficiency and Quality Performance: An Empirical Study of Taiwanese Correctional Institutions. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 18, 77-94.

The authors emphasize that managing control systems has been extensively utilized as an important model by organizations in the attempts of ensuring that there is an increase of the probability of people making decisions and taking actions that are congruent with organizational goals as a whole.  In this study, the authors used both parametric SFA (stochastic frontier analysis) As well as non-parametric DEA (data envelopment analysis) in the process of carrying out an examination of the extent to which management control systems impact quality performance and efficiency in correctional institutions. The findings of the study indicate that Taiwanese correctional institutions have a higher extent of technical inefficiencies, which can be attributed to their not favorable as well as inefficient utilization of resources. It is also reported that higher quality performance and improved efficiency are found within correctional institutions in Taiwan that have already embraced tight management control systems meaning that adoption of tight management control systems are positively correlated to increased quality performance as well as improved efficiency.

Michalski, G. (2010). Planning optimal from the firm value creation perspective: Levels of operating cash Investments. Romanian Journal of Economic Forecasting, 1, 198-214.

The author of this study asserts that liquidity management which is an important cash control method helps in the realization of the creation of value for cash. Several profit-based models used in managing current assets (particularly cash) have been discussed by authors particularly emphasizing on their role in the maximizing enterprise value. In addition, the author discusses the strategy of corporate value creation with main focus on uncertainty and risk suggesting that there are various reasons why organizations hold cash. It has been found that through cash control methods, cash balances held in organizations can be referred to as speculative, precautionary, considered, intentional and transactional. Management anxieties, as well as utilization of chances created by the risk equation’s positive part, are the key reasons for holding cash balances.

Namazi, M. (2013). Role of the agency theory in implementing management’s control. Journal of Accounting and Taxation, 5(2), 38-47.

The role of the agency theory in the implementation of effective management control systems has been analyzed in this article. Various control paradigms are evaluated and the findings show that agency theory posits varied behavioral, organizational, controlling and economical roles, and it is a valuable framework which can be widely used in facilitating an effective implementation of effective management control systems.

Annotated Bibliography Combining Creativity and Control Bibliography

Adler, P. S., & Chen, C. X. (2011). Combining creativity and control: Understanding individual motivation in large-scale collaborative creativity. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 36, 63–85.

Chatterjee, P., & Rose, R. L. (2011). Do Payment Mechanisms Change the Way Consumers Perceive Products? Journal of Consumer Research, 38, p. 000. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/661730

Ho, J. L., Huang, C-J., & Wu, A. (2011). The Impact of Management Control Systems on Efficiency and Quality Performance: An Empirical Study of Taiwanese Correctional Institutions. Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 18, 77-94.

Michalski, G. (2010). Planning optimal from the firm value creation perspective: Levels of operating cash Investments. Romanian Journal of Economic Forecasting, 1, 198-214.

Namazi, M. (2013). Role of the agency theory in implementing management’s control. Journal of Accounting and Taxation, 5(2), 38-47.

Diabetes mellitus Annotated Bibliography

Diabetes mellitus Annotated Bibliography
     Diabetes mellitus Annotated Bibliography

Diabetes mellitus Annotated Bibliography

Order Instructions:

Have to complete at lease 10 empirical articles in my educational field. I work with children Kinder – Fifth grade.

SAMPLE ANSWER

Diabetes mellitus Annotated Bibliography

Seino, Y., Nanjo, K., Tajima, N., Kadowaki, T., Kashiwagi, A., & Araki, E. et al. (2010). Report of the Committee on the Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Diabetes Mellitus. Journal Of Diabetes Investigation, 1(5), 212-228.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2040-1124.2010.00074.x

The article classifies the two types of diabetes mellitus, type 1, and diabetes type. It also discusses the causes of the various types of diabetes mellitus and the factors that are likely to predispose one to diabetes mellitus. In making the distinction type, I am referred to as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus associated with the destruction of pancreatic beta cells while type  2 is associated with lifestyle changes especially obesity.

Reinehr, T. (2013). Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. World Journal Of Diabetes, 4(6), 270.

http://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v4.i6.270

The article reviews the causes of type two diabetes mellitus in children. Specifically, it looks at the factors that predispose children to diabetes mellitus type 2 since it’s commonly associated with lifestyle changes. It also looks at the methods for treatment of type 2 diabetes as well as management of children suffering from type 2 diabetes.

Ewald, N. (2013). Diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus in chronic pancreatitis. World Journal Of Gastroenterology, 19(42), 7276.

http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i42.7276

A review is given on chronic pancreatitis. It should be remembered that diabetes type 1 involves the destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas by autoantibodies.in this case methods for detection of type 1 diabetes mellitus are outlined as well as the treatment.

Buchanan, T., Xiang, A., & Page, K. (2012). Gestational diabetes mellitus: risks and management during and after pregnancy. Nat Rev Endocrinal, 8(11), 639-649.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2012.96

The article review a different type of diabetes mellitus commonly observed in pregnant women. It is known as gestational diabetes mellitus. It plays an important role in making a woman susceptible to diabetes mellitus type 2. Nutritional effects as wells as the risks associated with gestational diabetes mellitus are reviewed in this article.

Sacks, D., Arnold, M., Bakris, G., Bruns, D., Horvath, A., & Kirkman, M. et al. (2011). Executive Summary: Guidelines and Recommendations for Laboratory Analysis in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Lab Med Online, 1(4), 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3343/lmo.2011.1.4.1

The article looks and compares the different methods that are used to diagnose the different types of diabetes mellitus. Laboratory guidelines and the permitted reference range values of the results are also provided.

Litmanovitch, E. (2015). Short and long-term neurobehavioral alterations in type 1 diabetes mellitus pediatric population. World Journal Of Diabetes, 6(2), 259.

http://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v6.i2.259

The article reviews the neurological damage that is associated with diabetes mellitus type 1. It also discusses the emerging technology that will assist in reducing the glycemic glucose levels, therefore, reducing the effects of diabetes mellitus, especially to the neural system.

Antonelli, A. (2014). Hepatitis C virus infection and type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. World Journal Of Diabetes, 5(5), 586.

http://dx.doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v5.i5.586

The article identifies the relationship between diabetes mellitus and hepatitis C. the main relationship is associated with viral effects, pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance in the liver. It also shows how clinical trial conducted on hepatitis c patients has resulted in a decrease in the glucose metabolism providing an important mode of treatment for glycemic patients.

Nauck, M. (2014). Update on developments with SGLT2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes. DDDT, 1335.

 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/dddt.s50773

The author discusses the important role that the kidney plays in the maintaining of glucose levels in the body via the sodium glucose transporters type 2. Use of sodium glucose transporters inhibitors reduces the renal reabsorption of glucose, in the long run, decreasing the amount of glucose in the body.

Igwe, M., Uwakwe, R., Ahanotu, C., Onyeama, G., Bakare, M., & Ndukuba, A. (2013). Factors associated with depression and suicide among patients with diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Af Hlth Sci, 13(1). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v13i1.10

The study was conducted in Nigeria to highlight the effects of diabetes mellitus and hypertension to the normal lives of the people. Basically, two concepts were looked at. The role of diabetes mellitus in causing suicidal and depression in patients.

Eisenbarth, G. (2010). Banting Lecture 2009: An Unfinished Journey: Molecular Pathogenesis to Prevention of Type 1A Diabetes. Diabetes, 59(4), 759-774.

http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db09-1855

The article discusses the metabolic pathways that are involved in diabetes mellitus specifically carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. It also discusses how this pathway can be used to block the effects of hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.

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Annotated Outline of the Report and Data Development

Annotated Outline of the Report and Data Development Order Instructions: annotated outline of the report and the concepts and techniques applied to analyze data and developing an argument

Annotated Outline of the Report and Data Development
Annotated Outline of the Report and Data Development

Begin preparing an annotated outline of your Final Project indicating the content you plan to include in each section of the report and the concepts and techniques you plan to apply for analyzing any data and developing your argument.

Annotated Outline of the Report and Data Development Sample Answer

Abstract

To develop a reward and compensation system for Qatar Airways that has a workforce of about 31,000 employees and where more than slightly a half of the employees work directly for the airline requires a HRM policy that has a great contradiction between the different category of workers. The theory part of the design must be matched against the reality of achievement as most reward and compensation systems are mostly developed and are quickly followed by employee disillusionment as the systems fail to deliver the expected results.

Introduction

Qatar Airways has been in existence since the year 1993 and it has offices in one hundred forty countries where its destinations are located all over the world. It means that Qatar Airways has a multi-cultural workforce whose diversity can be exploited for the benefit of the company. To motivate employees effectively then different categories should have a strategic pay system that rewards hard work and motivates workers to continue working for the company by capturing the specific needs of each class or category of employees. For example, the compensation systems for pilots should be different from other employees whose contributions to the company are much higher and more critical than other categories. However, research on the best reward and compensation system that the company needs to apply should be conducted and the views analyzed in order to develop a comprehensive reward system that is acceptable to all employees.

The company can utilize the use of a questionnaire that would suggest several motivational reward and compensation systems that are also provided with other rival airlines like the Air Emirates and Etihad Airlines.

Qualitative data collection method should be applied in order to get full information from the employees (Tashakkori and Teddlie, 2003). I have opted to use the naturalistic inquiry paradigm that mostly utilizes qualitative data collection methods (Beiske, 2007). The deductive theories also emphasize on wealth and richness of the source of information in deducing the hypothesis from the theories involved.

Rewards and Employee Satisfaction

Employee satisfaction is critical to general employee retention strategies. Employees derive satisfaction from what is expected and what is actually received. Employees compare personal input, education, job skills, output, efforts, performance and another mix of general intrinsic and also extrinsic reward or compensation that they receive. The questionnaire should categorize different aspect of reward systems that would make it possible for all the employees to select or recommend their preferred reward system (Guest, 2011).

Employees also compare the rewards systems that are available in other companies in similar industries. Most employees also compare their input in terms of working hours and the compensation offered in rival companies. The proposed reward systems should be standard and realistic in order to avoid damaging the employees’ self-esteem.

Data Evaluation Methods

The information gathered should be evaluated using the data processing soft-wares available in the market like the SSPS or QRS data processing software (Onwuegbuzie & Teddlie, 2003).  Several popular selections should be selected but also the unique employee reward system preferred by certain employees should be considered and where it is possible to provide such rewards then the company should not hesitate to make them available to the employees. Qatar Airlines has a workforce that is culturally diverse and the employees beliefs are also different. Qualitative data collection techniques provide finer details on employee needs that the researcher should also pay attention to. All the employees should be eligible to participate in the research exercise (Hair, Wolfinbarger, Money, Samouel & Page, 2015).

Rewards are actually intended to motivate specific behaviors in employees. Rewards and compensation strategies must be seen and perceived to be timely and tied strictly to effective employee performance. Several conditions are necessary for overall employee motivation.

All employees must certainly believe that effective individual or team performance would lead to specific rewards. For instance, achieving particular results would lead to a given bonus.

The employees must also feel and believe that the rewards that the company is offering are attractive and competitive compared to the rest of the companies in the market. It should be noted that different employees have divergent views on the reward system and motivation. Some employees would prefer promotion as they seek power while others would prefer other fringe benefits as a qualification for pension, assured job security, opportunities for career growth or paid holidays (Guest, 2011).

The employees must also be made to believe that individual effort would lead to the achievement of the company’s standard performance.

Equity and Participation

The effectiveness of a reward system largely depends on its perception of fairness to all the employees. The system and design of the reward system must reflect equality to all the employees without any bias of favoritism to any group of employees (Choudhury & Friedman, 2015).

Acknowledging Accomplishment

The reward and compensation systems concentrate largely on rewarding employees financially. However, non-financial awards can also be effective in motivating employees especially if it supplements the financial rewards. Awards generally satisfy the needs for employee recognition in a company.

Annotated Outline of the Report and Data Development Conclusion

Qatar Airways should set up a reward and compensation system that is unique to the demands of its own employees while also comparing the existing compensation systems that are available in the market as compared to its rival companies. The best rewards systems are developed as per the recommendation of the employees and as approved by the employers.

Annotated Outline of the Report and Data Development References

Beiske, B, (2007) Research Methods: Uses and Limitations of questionnaires, interviews and case studies, GRIN Verlag

Choudhury, S. & Friedman, M. (2015). A study of employee satisfaction with HMO services at a historically black university. In Proceedings of the 1996 Multicultural Marketing Conference (pp. 81-84). Springer International Publishing.

Hair Jr, J. F., Wolfinbarger, M., Money, A. H., Samouel, P., & Page, M. J. (2015). Essentials of business research methods. Routledge.

Guest, D.E. (2011) Human Resource Management and Performance: Still Searching for Some Answers, Human Resource Management journal, Vol 21, No 1, 2011, pgs 3-13.

Mills, G. E. (2011). Action research – A guide for the teacher researcher. Boston, MA:
>>>>Pearson Education, Inc.

Onwuegbuzie, A.J. & Teddlie, C. (2003). A framework for analyzing data in mixed methods research. In A. Tashakkori & C. Teddlie (Eds.), Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research (pp. 351-383). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Retrieved August 11, 2015 from http://www.southalabama.edu/coe/bset/johnson/lectures/lec14.htm

Tashakkori and Teddlie (2003) Handbook of Mixed Research Methods in Social and behavior Research Retrieved August 11, 2015 from http://www.southalabama.edu/coe/bset/johnson/lectures/lec2.pdf